Original Ulysses Mission science objectives are to investigate for the first time as a function of heliographic latitude the properties of the solar wind, the structure of the Sun/wind interface, the heliospheric magnetic field, solar radio bursts and plasma waves, solar X-rays, solar and galactic cosmic rays, and both interstellar and interplanetary neutral gas and dust. Additional objectives include the Study of the Jovian magnetosphere during the Jupiter flyby, the detection of cosmic gamma ray bursts and triangulation on burst locations with other detectors and the Search for gravitational waves.

New objectives evolving since launch are to combine Ulysses in situ measurements of solar wind fields and particles, cosmic rays, and radio waves over a wide range of heliolatitudes and radial distances with remote observations of the Sun and solar corona from ongoing and upcoming missions to analyze properties and dynamics of coronal mass ejections and of sources of the solar wind in order to enhance the ability of those missions to meet their own science objectives and to construct models of the 3D Sun and heliosphere.