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REFERENCES

  1. Mortimer, R.G. (1989). “Older Drivers’ Visibility and Comfort in Night Driving: Vehicle Design Factors.” In Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting, 154–158.

  2. Richards, O.W. (1966). “Vision at Levels of Night Road Illumination: XII Changes of Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity with Age.” American Journal of Optometry/Archives of the American Academy of Optometry, 43, 61–67.

  3. Richards, O.W. (1972). “Some Seeing Problems: Spectacles, Color Driving and Decline From Age and Poor Lighting.” American Journal of Optometry/Archives of the American Academy of Optometry, 49, 539–546.

  4. Weale, R. (1961). “Retinal Illumination and Age.” Transactions of the Illuminating Engineering Society, 26, 95–100.

  5. Weymouth, F.W. (1960). “Effects of Age on Visual Acuity.” In M.I. Hirsch & R.E. Wick (Eds.), Vision of the Aging Patient (pp. 37–62). Chilton: Philadelphia, PA.

  6. daSilva, M.P., Smith, J.D., & Najm, W.G. (2003). Analysis of Pedestrian Crashes (Report No. DOT-VNTSC-NHTSA-02-02). Cambridge: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center.

  7. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). (1999). Traffic Safety Facts: Overview 1998. Retrieved from http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/TSF98/Overview98.pdf

  8. Chrysler, S.T., Danielson, S.M., & Kirby, V.M. (1997). “Age Differences in Visual Abilities in Nighttime Driving Field Conditions.” In W.A. Rogers (Ed.), Designing for an Aging Population: Ten Years of Human Factors/Ergonomics Research (pp. 310–314). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.

  9. Barham, P., Oxley, P., & Ayala, B. (1998). “Evaluation of Jaguar’s First Prototype Near Infrared Night Vision System and Its Potential Contribution to Road Safety.” In A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, & S.P. Taylor (Eds.), Vision in Vehicles VI (pp. 203–211). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.

  10. Hodge, A.R., & Rutley, K.S. (1978). A Comparison of Changeable Message Signals for Motorways (TRRL Supplementary Report 380). Crowthorne, England: Transport and Road Research Laboratory.

  11. Lunenfeld, H., & Stephens, B.W. (1991). “Human Factors Consideration in the Development of an IVHS System: Night Vision Enhancement.” Proceedings of the 61st Meeting of the Institute of Transportation Engineers, 120–124.

  12. Nilsson, L., & Alm, H. (1996). “Effect of a Vision Enhancement System on Drivers’ Ability To Drive Safely in Fog.” In A.G. Gale (Ed.), Vision in Vehicles V (pp. 263–271). Amsterdam: North-Holland/Elsevier.

  13. Stahl, A., Oxley, P., Berntman, M., & Lind, L. (1998). The Use of Vision Enhancements to Assist Elderly Drivers. Paper presented at Premier Congres Mondial sur les Application Telematiques aux Transports, Paris.

  14. Calderas, J., personal communication, August 22, 2000.

  15. Erion, J., personal communication, June 5, 2000.

  16. Dutke, F.F., personal communication, June 20, 2000.

  17. Schnell, T., personal communication, August 24, 2000.

  18. Winer, B.J., Brown, D.R., & Michels, K.M. (1991). Statistical Principles in Experimental Design (pp. 140–197). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc.

  19. Uno, H., & Hiramatsu, K. (2001). “Collision Avoidance Capabilities of Older Drivers and Improvement by Warning Presentations.” Proceedings—17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (CD paper # 185). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

  20. van der Horst, R., & Hogema, J. (1993). “Time-to-Collision and Collision Avoidance Systems.” In proceedings of The 6th Workshop of the International Cooperation on Theories and Concepts in Traffic Safety, 15–22.

  21. Jones, E.R., & Childers, R.L. (1993). Contemporary College Physics (2nd Edition). New York, NY: Addison-Wesley.

  22. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (2001). A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. Washington, DC: AASHTO.

  23. Chang, M.S., Messer, C.J., & Santiago, A.J. (1985). “Timing Traffic Signal Change Interval Based on Driver Behavior.” Transportation Research Record, 1027, 20–30.

  24. Sivak, M., Olson, P.L., & Farmer, K.M. (1982). “Radar Measured Reaction Time of Unalerted Drivers to Brake Signal.” Perceptual Motor Skills, 55, 594.

  25. Taoka, G.T. (1989). “Brake Reaction Time of Unalerted Drivers.” Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Journal, 59(3), 19–21.

  26. Jost, K. (1995). “High-Intensity Discharge Lamp.” Automotive Engineering, 11, 38–42.

  27. Mahach, K.R., Knoblauch, R.L., Simmons, C.J., Nitzburg, M., Arens, J., & Tignor, S.C. (1997). A Preliminary Field Evaluation of Ultraviolet-Activated Fluorescent Roadway Delineation (FHWA-RD-97-082). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

  28. Nitzburg, M., Seifert, R., Knoblauch, R., & Turner, D. (1998). A Safety Evaluation of UVA Vehicle Headlights (FHWA-RD-99-079). McLean, VA: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

 

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