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Measles (Rubeola)
1996 Case Definition
Clinical case definition
An illness characterized by all the following:
- a generalized rash lasting greater than or
equal to 3 days
- a temperature greater than or equal to 101.0°F
(greater than or equal to 38.3°C)
- cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis
Laboratory criteria for diagnosis
- Positive serologic test for measles immunoglobulin
M antibody, or
- Significant rise in measles antibody level
by any standard serologic assay, or
- Isolation of measles virus from a clinical
specimen
Case classification
Suspected: any febrile
illness accompanied by rash
Probable: a case that meets the clinical
case definition, has noncontributory or no serologic or virologic
testing, and is not epidemiologically linked to a confirmed case
Confirmed: a case that is laboratory confirmed
or that meets the clinical case definition and is epidemiologically
linked to a confirmed case. A laboratory-confirmed case does
not need to meet the clinical case definition.
Comment
Confirmed cases should be reported to NNDSS. An imported case
has its source outside the country or state. Rash onset occurs
within 18 days after entering the jurisdiction, and illness cannot
be linked to local transmission. Imported cases should be classified
as:
- International. A case that is imported
from another country
- Out-of-State. A case that is imported
from another state in the United States. The possibility that
a patient was exposed within his or her state of residence
should be excluded; therefore, the patient either must have
been out of state continuously for the entire period of possible
exposure (at least 7-18 days before onset of rash) or have
had one of the following types of exposure while out of state:
a) face-to-face contact with a person who had either a probable
or confirmed case or b) attendance in the same institution
as a person who had a case of measles (e.g., in a school, classroom,
or day care center).
An indigenous case is defined as a case
of measles that is not imported. Cases that are linked to imported
cases should be classified as indigenous if the exposure to the
imported case occurred in the reporting state. Any case that
cannot be proved to be imported should be classified as indigenous.
See also:
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