Health-Based Screening Levels: A Tool for Evaluating What Water-Quality Data May Mean to Human Health

About the HBSL Project

When contaminants are detected in water resources, it is important to describe what the occurrence of these contaminants may mean to human health. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began an interagency pilot effort in 1998 to communicate the potential relevance of the water-quality findings of its National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program in a human-health context. Many ground-water resources sampled by USGS are used as drinking-water sources, and water-quality conditions historically have been assessed, where appropriate, by comparing measured contaminant concentrations with drinking-water standards and guidelines.  Drinking-water standards and guidelines are not available, however, for about two thirds of the contaminants measured in water by the NAWQA Program and other USGS studies.  To supplement existing Federal drinking-water standards and guidelines, USGS began a collaborative project with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), and Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) to calculate Health-Based Screening Levels (HBSLs).  HBSLs were calculated for contaminants that do not have USEPA Maximum Contaminant Levels.

Suggested Citation

Toccalino, P.L., Norman, J.E., Booth, N.L, and Zogorski, J.S., 2008, Health-based screening levels: A tool for evaluating what water-quality data may mean to human health: U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment Program, accessed [insert date], at http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/HBSL/.