Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
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2006 Surface Trade with Canada and Mexico Rose 8.9 Percent from 2005

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BTS 10-07
Dave Smallen
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Tuesday, March 13, 2007 - Trade using surface transportation between the United States and its North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners Canada and Mexico was 8.9 percent higher in 2006 than in 2005, reaching $760 billion, according to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) of the U.S. Department of Transportation (Table 1).

BTS, a part of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), reported that freight valued at $126.5 billion entered the U.S. from Mexico by truck in 2006 while $93.0 billion of freight was exported to Mexico by truck (Table 6).

Freight valued at $149.9 billion entered the U.S. from Canada by truck in 2006 while $164.3 billion of freight was exported to Canada by truck (Table 4).         

Total U.S. - North American surface transportation imports rose 8.3 percent in 2006 from 2005, and exports rose by 9.7 percent during the same time period (Table 2).

Surface transportation consists largely of freight movements by truck, rail and pipeline.  About 90 percent of U.S. merchandise trade by value with Canada and Mexico moves on land.

Total U.S. - North American surface transportation trade value in 2006 was up 38.9 percent compared to 2001, and up 85.2 percent compared to 1996, a period of 10 years (Table 3).

U.S. Surface Transportation Trade with Canada

U.S.-Canada surface transportation trade totaled $488 billion in 2006, up 6.5 percent compared to 2005 (Table 4).  The value of imports carried by truck was 4.3 percent higher in 2006 than 2005 while the value of exports carried by truck was 8.7 percent higher.

Michigan led all states in surface trade with Canada in 2006 with $71.6 billion (Table 5).

U.S. Surface Transportation Trade with Mexico

U.S. - Mexico surface transportation trade totaled $272 billion in 2006, up 13.5 percent compared to 2005 (Table 6).  The value of imports carried by truck was 12.6 percent higher in 2006 than 2005 while the value of exports carried by truck was 11.6 percent higher.

Texas led all states in surface trade with Mexico in 2006 with $84.6 billion (Table 7).

The TransBorder Freight Data are a special extract of the official U.S. foreign trade statistics.  The data are tabulated for BTS monthly by the U.S. Census Bureau's Foreign Trade Division.  TransBorder numbers include data received by BTS as of Feb. 16.

The news release and summary tables can be found at www.bts.gov.  More information on TransBorder Freight Data and data from previous months are posted on the BTS website at http://www.bts.gov/transborder/.

Table 1. Value of Annual U.S. Surface Trade with Canada and Mexico Compared to 2006

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Year Amount millions of dollars Percent Change vs. 2006
1996 410,382 85.2
1997 425,977 78.4
1998 451,736 68.3
1999 501,250 51.6
2000 575,713 32.0
2001 547,312 38.9
2002 540,795 40.6
2003 562,776 35.1
2004 633,563 20.0
2005 697,987 8.9
2006 760,127  

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Table 2. U.S. Merchandise Trade with Canada and Mexico by Surface Modes of Transportation

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Mode   2005 millions of dollars 2006 millions of dollars Percent Change 2005-2006
All Surface Modes Imports 400,803 434,094 8.3
Exports 297,184 326,032 9.7
Total 697,987 760,127 8.9
Truck Imports 255,963 276,348 8.0
Exports 234,563 257,310 9.7
Rail Imports 81,388 89,122 9.5
Exports 35,070 39,749 13.3
Pipeline Imports 48,766 53,921 10.6
Exports 2,937 2,887 -1.7

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Note: The value of all surface modes is not equal to the sum of truck, rail and pipeline modes.  The value of trade for all surface modes includes shipments made by truck, rail, pipeline, mail, foreign trade zones, other and unknown modes of transportation.  For additional detail refer to the Transborder Freight data "Sources and Reliability" statement: http://www.bts.gov/ntda/tbscd/srfin.html; Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

Table 3. 2006 Surface Trade with Canada and Mexico Compared with Prior Years

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2006 Compared to Percent Change
Imports Exports Total Surface Trade
2005 8.3 9.7 8.9
2004 19.1 21.1 20.0
2003 34.7 35.6 35.1
2002 40.4 40.8 40.6
2001 38.8 39.0 38.9
2000 34.1 29.4 32.0
1999 55.7 46.5 51.6
1998 78.0 56.8 68.3
1997 90.5 64.5 78.4
1996 97.7 70.8 85.2

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Table 4. U.S. Merchandise Trade with Canada by Surface Modes of Transportation

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Mode   2005 millions of dollars 2006 millions of dollars Percent Change 2005-2006
All Surface Modes Imports 265,402 278,889 5.1
Exports 192,907 209,283 8.5
Total 458,310 488,172 6.5
Truck Imports 143,696 149,884 4.3
Exports 151,222 164,318 8.7
Rail Imports 60,606 63,258 4.4
Exports 19,322 22,478 16.3
Pipeline Imports 48,766 53,865 10.5
Exports 2,394 2,180 -8.9

Source BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Note: The value of all surface modes is not equal to the sum of truck, rail and pipeline modes.  The value of trade for all surface modes includes shipments made by truck, rail, pipeline, mail, foreign trade zones, other and unknown modes of transportation.  For additional detail refer to the TransBorder Freight data "Sources and Reliability" statement: http://www.bts.gov/ntda/tbscd/srfin.html; Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

Table 5. Top 10 States Trading with Canada by Surface Modes of Transportation

Ranked by 2006 Surface Trade Value

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Rank State 2006 millions of dollars
1 Michigan 71,580
2 Illinois 36,958
3 New York 33,621
4 Ohio 32,433
5 California 30,312
6 Texas 22,876
7 Pennsylvania 19,577
8 Washington 18,134
9 Indiana 16,277
10 Tennessee 15,375

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Table 6. U.S. Merchandise Trade with Mexico by Surface Modes of Transportation

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Mode   2005 millions of dollars 2006 millions of dollars Percent Change 2005-2006
All Surface Modes Imports 135,400 155,205 14.6
Exports 104,277 116,749 12.0
Total 239,677 271,954 13.5
Truck Imports 112,268 126,464 12.6
Exports 83,341 92,992 11.6
Rail Imports 20,782 25,864 24.5
Exports 15,748 17,271 9.7
Pipeline Imports 0 55 NA
Exports 543 707 30.2

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/

Note: The value of all surface modes is not equal to the sum of truck, rail and pipeline modes.  The value of trade for all surface modes includes shipments made by truck, rail, pipeline, mail, foreign trade zones, other and unknown modes of transportation.  For additional detail refer to the TransBorder Freight data "Sources and Reliability" statement: http://www.bts.gov/ntda/tbscd/srfin.html; Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

Table 7. Top 10 States Trading with Mexico by Surface Modes of Transportation

Ranked by 2006 Surface Trade Value

Excel | CSV

Rank State 2006 millions of dollars
1 Texas 84,585
2 California 46,798
3 Michigan 28,849
4 Arizona 10,042
5 Illinois 9,298
6 Ohio 6,269
7 Tennessee 5,905
8 New York 5,510
9 Indiana 5,058
10 North Carolina 4,931

Source: BTS TransBorder Freight Data, http://www.bts.gov/transborder/