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1985
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World Events
U.S. Events
- Ronald Reagan, 73, takes oath for second term as 40th President (Jan. 20).
- General Westmoreland settles libel action against CBS (Feb. 18).
- US Supreme Court, 5–4, bars public school teachers from parochial schools (July 1).
- Arthur James Walker, 50, retired naval officer, convicted by federal judge of participating in Soviet spy ring operated by his brother, John Walker (Aug. 9).
- US budget-balancing bill enacted (Dec. 12).
Economics
US GDP (1998 dollars): $4,180.70 billion
Federal spending: $946.39 billion
Federal debt: $1817.5 billion
Median Household Income
(current dollars): $23,618
Consumer Price Index: 107.6
Unemployment: 7.2%
Cost of a first-class stamp: $0.20 ($0.22 as of 2/17/1985)
Sports
Super BowlSan Francisco d. Miami (38-16)World SeriesKansas City d. St. Louis Cardinals (4-3)NBA ChampionshipLA Lakers d. Boston (4-2)Stanley CupEdmonton d. Philadelphia (4-1)WimbledonWomen: Martina Navratilova d. C. Evert Lloyd (4-6 6-3 6-2)
Men: Boris Becker d. K. Curren (6-3 6-7 7-6 6-4)Kentucky Derby ChampionSpend A BuckNCAA Basketball ChampionshipVillanova d. Georgetown (66-64)NCAA Football ChampionsOklahoma (11-1-0)
Entertainment
Entertainment Awards
Pulitzer Prizes
Fiction: Foreign Affairs, Alison Lurie
Music: Symphony RiverRun, Stephen Albert
Drama: Sunday in the Park with George, Stephen Sondheim and James Lapine Oscars awarded in 1985
Academy Award, Best Picture: Amadeus, Saul Zaentz, producer (Orion) Nobel Prize for Literature: Claude Simon (France) 1985 Emmy Awards 1985 Tony Awards Grammys awarded in 1985
Record of the Year: "What's Love Got to Do With It," Tina Turner
Album of the Year: Can't Slow Down, Lionel Richie (Motown)
Song of the Year: "What's Love Got to Do With It," Graham Lyle and Terry Britten, songwriters Miss America: Sharlene Wells (UT) More Entertainment Awards...
Events- Rock Hudson dies of AIDS at age 59. He's the first major star to fall victim to the disease.
- Madonna launches her first road show, the Virgin Tour.
- Dozens of top-name musicians and bands perform at the Live Aid concerts in Philadelphia and London. The shows benefit African famine victims.
- With the availability of relatively inexpensive laser printers and computers, tools for desktop publishing begin to be commonly used.
Movies- Kiss of the Spider Woman, Out of Africa, Prizzi's Honor, The Color Purple
Books
Science
Nobel Prizes in Science
Chemistry: Herbert A. Hauptman and Jerome Karle (both US), for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures Physics: Klaus von Klitzing (Germany), for developing an exact way of measuring electrical conductivity Physiology or Medicine: Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein (both US), for their work, which has drastically widened our understanding of the cholesterol metabolism and increased our possibilities to prevent and treat atherosclerosis and heart attacks
- British scientists report the opening of an enormous hole in the earth's ozone layer over Antarctica. Background: Environment & Nature
- Researchers at IBM develop the scanning tunneling microscope, which can visualize images on an atomic scale.
- Coca-Cola attempts to change its 99-year-old formula in an effort to attract younger drinkers. "New" Coke is poorly received, and the company soon reintroduces the original, "Classic" beverage. Background: carbonated beverages
Deaths
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