NIOSH
HAZARD REVIEW
Health
Effects of Occupational Exposure
to
Respirable Crystalline Silica
|
Table
21. Summary of the genotoxic effects of quartz in mammalian cells
|
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|
Genotoxic
effect
|
In
vitro studies
|
In
vivo studies
|
||
|
Number
of positive studies/number of studies available
|
Reference
|
Number
of positive
studies/number of studies available |
Reference
|
|
| Sister chromatid exchange |
1*/3
|
Price-Jones
et al. [1980] Pairon et al. [1990](2 |
1*/1
|
Sobti and Bhardwaj [1991] |
| Chromosomal aberrations |
0/3
|
Nagalakshmi
et al. [1995] (2 experiments) Oshimura et al. [1984] |
1*/1
|
Sobti and Bhardwaj [1991] |
| Micronuclei |
3/4
|
Oshimura et al. [1984] Hesterberg et al. [1986] Nagalakshmi et al. [1995] (2 experiments)† |
0/1
|
Vanchugova
et al. [1985] |
| Aneuploidy or tetraploidy |
0/3
|
Price-Jones
et al. [1980]; Oshimura et al. [1984]; Hesterberg et al. [1986] |
0/0
|
—
|
| hprt mutation‡ |
0/1
|
Driscoll et al. [1997] |
2/2§
|
Driscoll et al. [1995, 1997] |
| Source:
IARC [1997]. *One questionably positive study available. †One experiment by Nagalakshmi et al. [1995] showed an increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells at all concentrations tested, but the increase was statistically significant (P<0.05) only at the two highest concentrations tested. ‡hprt = hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase. §Mutagenic response associated with inflammation. |
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