Worker Health Chartbook 2004

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1		Figure 2-29 Distribution and number of noise-induced hearing loss cases in Michigan by source of reports, 1991-2000. During 1991-2000, 17,683 noise-induced hearing loss cases were reported in Michigan. Companies with hearing conservation programs reported the largest number of workers with occupational noise-induced hearing loss. Typically, companies reported standard threshold shifts, whereas the other three sources reported fixed losses of at least 25 dB. (Source: Rosenman and Reilly [2002].)
2		Figure 2-30 Distribution of noise-induced hearing loss cases in Michigan by age of patient and type of report (company or noncompany), 2000. Company reports indicated that workers aged 40-49 and 50-59 had the highest percentages of noise-induced hearing loss cases (36% and 33.8%, respectively) in 2000. Noncompany and company reports indicated nearly equal percentages of cases among workers aged 50-59. Age was unknown for 11 workers reported by company medical departments and for 40 workers reported by noncompany hearing health professionals. The hearing loss reports from companies involve a younger working age population enrolled in a hearing conservation program. (Source: Rosenman and Reilly [2002].)
3		Figure 2-31 Distribution and number of permanent hearing loss cases reported by clinicians in Michigan, by industry, 2000. Manufacturing accounted for 50.9% of permanent hearing loss cases reported in Michigan in 2000, and construction industry sectors accounted for 15.0%. (Source: Rosenman and Reilly [2002].)
4		Figure 2-32 Percentage of companies in Michigan in major industry divisions that tested for hearing loss as part of a hearing conservation program (when worker was most recently exposed to noise), as reported by patient interviews, 1992-2000. Companies were most likely to have tested for hearing loss as part of a hearing conservation program (when worker was most recently exposed to noise) in the transportation, manufacturing, and mining industries. (Source: Rosenman and Reilly [2002].)
5		Figure 2-54 Number of CTS cases in California by occupation, 1998-2000. For each year during this period, technical, sales, and administrative support occupations consistently accounted for a disproportionately large number of CTS cases in California-nearly three times the number accounted for by other occupations. The number of CTS cases decreased during this period for four of the seven occupational groups. (Source: Harrison and Flattery [2002a].)
6		Figure 2-55 Number of CTS cases in California by type of job activity, 1998-2000. Among the cases sampled, computing (data entry) activities consistently accounted for nearly half of all CTS cases in California for each of the 3 years during 1998-2000. Cases involved with reaching and twisting, computing (customer service), and handwriting increased from 1998 to 2000. (Source: Harrison and Flattery [2002a].)
7		Figure 2-155 Incidence rates of pesticide-related illness by age and industry, 1998-1999. Among industry sectors, agriculture accounted for the highest incidence rates of pesticide-related illness, ranging from 5 to 27 cases per 100,000 full-time workers. Rates were highest among younger workers, peaking among those aged 20-24, and decreasing with increasing age. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
8		Figure 2-156 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by sex of worker, 1998-1999. Sex of worker was known for 1,006 of the 1,009 pesticide-related occupational illness cases during 1998-1999. Male workers accounted for 63% (636) of all cases and female workers accounted for 36.7% (370 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
9		Figure 2-157 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses among agricultural workers by occupation, 1998-1999. Farm workers reported by far the most pesticide-related illnesses (71.8% or 336 cases) during 1998-1999. Other occupations with notable pesticide-related illnesses included graders and sorters (7.5% or 35 cases) and nursery workers (4.7% or 22 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
10		Figure 2-158 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by industry, 1998-1999. Employer or industry data were available for 911 of the 1,009 pesticide-related illness cases during 1998-99. Most of these cases (51.5% or 469 cases) were from the agricultural sector. Services accounted for 19.4% (177 cases) and transportation, communication, and public utilities accounted for 9.3% (85) cases. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
11		Figure 2-159 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by pesticide functional class, 1998-1999. Insecticides were responsible for 49% (494 cases) of the 1,009 reported occupational illnesses related to pesticides. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
12		Figure 2-160 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by insecticide chemical class, 1998-1999. The following insecticide classes were most commonly responsible for pesticide-related illnesses during 1998-1999: organophosphorus (47.2% or 233 cases), N-methyl carbamate (15.4% or 76 cases), pyrethroid (11.1% or 55 cases), and pyrethrin (9.3% or 46 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
13		Figure 2-161 Distribution and number of WRA cases for all four SENSOR reporting States (California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey) by source of report, 1993-1999. Reports from health care professionals were the primary source for identifying cases of WRA during 1993-1999: 88.4% or 2,232 WRA cases were identified through physician reports. (Sources: Harrison and Flattery [2002b]; Tumpowsky and Davis [2002]; Rosenman et al. [2002a]; Valiante and Schill [2002a]; Filios [2002a].)
14		Figure 2-162 Distribution and number of WRA cases for all four SENSOR reporting States (California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey) by occupation, 1993-1999. Operators, fabricators, and laborers accounted for the largest proportion of WRA cases (32.9%), followed by managerial and professional specialty occupations (20.2%). (Sources: Harrison and Flattery [2002b]; Tumpowsky and Davis [2002]; Rosenman et al. [2002a]; Valiante and Schill [2002a]; Filios [2002a].)
15		Figure 2-163 Distribution and number of WRA cases for all four SENSOR reporting States (California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey) by industry, 1993-1999. Manufacturing and services accounted for the largest proportions of WRA cases (41.4% and 34.2%, respectively). (Sources: Harrison and Flattery [2002b]; Tumpowsky and Davis [2002]; Rosenman et al. [2002a]; Valiante and Schill [2002a]; Filios [2002a].)
16		Figure 2-164 Distribution of agent categories most frequently associated with WRA cases for all four SENSOR reporting States (California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey), 1993-1999. During 1993-1999, the largest proportion of WRA cases was associated with miscellaneous chemicals (19.7%). This category of agents includes many exposures that are not easily classified (for example, perfumes, odors, and glues). (Sources: Harrison and Flattery [2002b]; Tumpowsky and Davis [2002]; Rosenman et al. [2002a]; Valiante and Schill [2002a]; Filios [2002a].)
17		Figure 2-189 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by source of report, 1993-1997. During 1993-1997, hospitals were the largest source of reports (74.8%) for identifying the largest proportion of confirmed cases of silicosis (74.8%), followed by health care professionals (15.6%). (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
18		Figure 2-190 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by occupation, 1993-1997. The largest proportion of silicosis cases (67.4%) occurred among operators, fabricators, and laborers during 1993-1997. (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
19		Figure 2-191 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by industry, 1993-1997. The largest proportion of silicosis cases occurred in manufacturing (85.8%), followed by construction (7.8%). (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
20		Figure 5-18 Occupational injuries among young workers in Massachusetts by data source, 1993-1999. Cases are identified from two sources-workers' compensation claims resulting in 5 or more lost workdays and reports from emergency departments. Of the 3,389 cases identified, 2,391 were identified solely from workers' compensation claims. (Source: Davis [2002].)
21		Figure 5-19 Occupational injuries among young workers in Massachusetts by age and sex, 1993-1999. Workers aged 16 accounted for 30.0% of occupational injuries among adolescents, and workers aged 17 accounted for 58.3%. Male workers accounted for 62.5% of the adolescents injured. (Source: Davis [2002].)
22		Figure 5-20 Occupational injuries among young workers aged 14-17 in Massachusetts by injury type and data source, 1993-1999. Of the 945 cases of occupational injury among young workers in Massachusetts who were identified through emergency department reports, the majority involved cuts, lacerations, and punctures (46.8%), followed by heat burns and scalds (14.0%). These data contrast with the data for workers' compensation claims, which report that most cases involved strains and sprains (35.5%), followed by cuts, lacerations, and punctures (23.8%). (Source: Davis [2002].)
23		Figure 5-21 Occupational injuries identified by workers' compensation data among young workers aged 14-17 in Massachusetts by selected industry, 1993-1999. The largest numbers of occupational injury cases identified among young workers in Massachusetts through workers' compensation claims occurred in restaurants (25.6%), grocery stores (15.0%), retail bakeries (6.7%), and nursing homes (5.8%). (Source: Davis [2002].)

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