Worker Health Chartbook 2004

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1		Figure 1-22 Number of illness cases in private industry by type of illness, 1972-2001. Since 1972, BLS data illustrate significant variation in the number of reported illness cases. From 1972 to 1982, the number of illness cases declined gradually from 210,500 to 105,600. This number increased and peaked sharply in 1994 at 514,700 cases. The number of cases declined steadily to 333,800 in 2001. Disorders associated with repeated trauma declined for 7 consecutive years dating from 1995. About 216,400 cases were reported in 2001, compared with a high of 332,100 cases in 1994. (Source: BLS [2002b].)
2		Figure 1-23 Incidence rates of occupational illness in private industry by illness category, 1984-2001. Since first reporting illness category rates in 1984, BLS has tracked the steep increase in overall illness rates that began in the mid-1980s and peaked in 1994. The overall pattern reflects the trends for disorders associated with repeated trauma. (Source: BLS [2002b].)
3		Figure 1-24 Incidence rates of occupational illness in private industry by illness category other than disorders associated with repeated trauma, 1984-2001. Rates for other categories of illness were smaller than for disorders associated with repeated trauma. These diseases and disorders represent approximately one-third of all reported occupational illnesses. Skin diseases or disorders have consistently accounted for 12%-14% of all occupational illness cases, with rates ranging from 8.2 to 4.3 per 10,000 full-time workers between 1992 and 2001. (Source: BLS [2002b].)
4		Figure 2-33 Average State prevalence rates for adults aged 16 and older with elevated BLLs, ABLES States, 1994-2001. For 1994-2001, ABLES States reported declines in the mean annual State prevalence rates for adults with BLLs of 25 µg/dL or greater and 40 µg/dL or greater. For 1998-2001, the 4-year mean State prevalence rate for adults with BLLs of 25 µg/dL or greater was 13.4 per 100,000 employed workers-a decline from the rate of 15.2 per 100,000 employed workers reported for 1994-1997. For adults with BLLs of 40 µg/dL or greater, the 4-year mean State prevalence rate for 1998-2001 was 2.9 per 100,000 employed workers-a decline from 3.9 per 100,000 employed for 1994-1997. (Sources: NIOSH [2002c]; CDC [2002d].)
5		Figure 2-34 Average State rates of elevated BLLs per 100,000 employed workers, 1998-2001: (A) 25 µg/dL or greater, and (B) 40 µg/dL or greater. During 1998-2001, the mean State rates for adults with BLLs of 25 µg/dL or greater ranged from 2.6 to 40.9 per 100,000 employed workers. Among the reporting States, those with the highest rates included Pennsylvania (40.9), New Hampshire (28.4), and Alabama (27.5). The lowest rate was reported by Arizona (2.6). State rates may truly reflect the magnitude of the lead exposure problem, but they may be biased because of varying degrees of completeness of blood lead testing carried out by employers among the States. (Sources: NIOSH [2002c]; CDC [2002d].) During 1998-2001, the mean State rates for adults with BLLs of 40 µg/dL or greater ranged from 0.4 to 8.8 per 100,000 employed workers. Among the reporting States, those with the highest rates included Alabama (8.8), New Hampshire (7.5), and North Carolina (7.0). The lowest rate was reported by Arizona (0.4). (Note: Nebraska provided 2 years of data, and South Carolina provided 3 years. All other States provided 4 years of data for this figure.) (Sources: NIOSH [2002c]; CDC [2002d].)
6		Figure 2-151 Number of occupational poisoning cases in private industry, 1972-2001. During 1972-2001, occupational poisonings peaked at 7,400 cases in 1974, declined to 3,000 cases in 1983, peaked again in 1993 at 7,600 cases, then declined to 2,800 cases in 2001. (Source: BLS [2002].)
7		Figure 2-152 Annual rates of occupational poisoning in private industry, 1984-2001. BLS reported poisoning rates ranging from a high of 1.0 per 10,000 full-time workers in 1993 to a low of 0.3 in 2001. Occupational poisonings have low rates and generally account for only about 1% of all illnesses. (Source: BLS [2002].)
8		Figure 2-153 Number of occupational poisoning cases in private industry by State, 2001. The number of occupational poisoning cases within reporting States ranged from fewer than 50 to 300 in 2001. BLS reported a total of 2,800 occupational poisoning cases in 2001. States with the highest numbers included California (300), Illinois (200), Indiana (200), Michigan (200), Missouri (200), North Carolina (2002) and Texas (200). (Source: BLS [2002].)
9		Figure 2-154 Incidence rates for occupational poisoning in private industry by State, 2001. Occupational poisoning rates varied from a low of less than 0.1 per 10,000 full-time workers in many States to a high of 1.2 per 10,000 full-time workers in Maine. The U.S. rate was 0.3 per 10,000 full-time workers. (Source: BLS [2002].)
10		Figure 2-155 Incidence rates of pesticide-related illness by age and industry, 1998-1999. Among industry sectors, agriculture accounted for the highest incidence rates of pesticide-related illness, ranging from 5 to 27 cases per 100,000 full-time workers. Rates were highest among younger workers, peaking among those aged 20-24, and decreasing with increasing age. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
11		Figure 2-156 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by sex of worker, 1998-1999. Sex of worker was known for 1,006 of the 1,009 pesticide-related occupational illness cases during 1998-1999. Male workers accounted for 63% (636) of all cases and female workers accounted for 36.7% (370 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
12		Figure 2-157 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses among agricultural workers by occupation, 1998-1999. Farm workers reported by far the most pesticide-related illnesses (71.8% or 336 cases) during 1998-1999. Other occupations with notable pesticide-related illnesses included graders and sorters (7.5% or 35 cases) and nursery workers (4.7% or 22 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
13		Figure 2-158 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by industry, 1998-1999. Employer or industry data were available for 911 of the 1,009 pesticide-related illness cases during 1998-99. Most of these cases (51.5% or 469 cases) were from the agricultural sector. Services accounted for 19.4% (177 cases) and transportation, communication, and public utilities accounted for 9.3% (85) cases. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
14		Figure 2-159 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by pesticide functional class, 1998-1999. Insecticides were responsible for 49% (494 cases) of the 1,009 reported occupational illnesses related to pesticides. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
15		Figure 2-160 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by insecticide chemical class, 1998-1999. The following insecticide classes were most commonly responsible for pesticide-related illnesses during 1998-1999: organophosphorus (47.2% or 233 cases), N-methyl carbamate (15.4% or 76 cases), pyrethroid (11.1% or 55 cases), and pyrethrin (9.3% or 46 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
16		Figure 3-7 Leading causes of fatal occupational injuries in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing industry, 1992-1997. During 1992-1997, machinery caused 1,021 fatal occupational injuries and was the leading cause of these deaths in agriculture, forestry, and fishing as reported on death certificates. The next leading causes of these deaths were motor vehicles (624 fatalities) and falls (235 fatalities). (Sources: NIOSH [2001a]; Myers [2001a].)
17		Figure 3-11 Unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 by cause of death, 1982-1996. During 1982-1996, unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 most frequently involved machinery (773 fatalities), drowning (585 fatalities), or firearms (237 fatalities). (Sources: NCHS [2002]; Adekoya and Pratt [2001].)

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