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| 1 |  | Figure 1-2 Distribution of the civilian labor force by sex, 1980-2000 and projected to 2010. The labor force participation of male workers is projected to decrease from 57% in 1980 to 52% in 2010. Corresponding increases are shown for female workers, who are projected to account for 48% of the labor force in 2010. (Sources: BLS [2002a]; Fullerton and Toossi [2001].)
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| 2 |  | Figure 1-29 Distribution of hours worked and occupational injury and illness cases with days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Nearly two-thirds (66.1%) of the injured or ill workers were male. (Sources: BLS [2001]; BLS [2003c].)
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| 3 |  | Figure 2-4 Distribution of anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorder cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 1992-2001. Female workers accounted for the majority of anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorder cases during 1992-2001-from a low of 58.4% in 1992 to a high of 71.2% in 1995. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003a].)
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| 4 |  | Figure 2-20 Employment and fatality profiles by sex, 2002. Male workers held 53.7% of the estimated 137.7 million jobs for employed workers in 2002, and they incurred 92.0% of the 5,524 fatal occupational injuries. (Source: BLS [2003].)
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| 5 |  | Figure 2-27 Distribution of fatal occupational injuries by sex of worker and event or exposure, 2002. Fatal injuries to male and female workers were not distributed consistently by type of event or exposure in 2002 because of differences in the types of jobs held by men and women. Fatal injuries in female workers were most frequently associated with transportation incidents (46.7%) and assaults and violent acts (33.8%). Transportation incidents also accounted for the most fatalities in male workers (42.8%), and contact with objects and equipment accounted for an additional 16.7% of male fatalities. (Note: A dash in parentheses indicates that no data were reported or that data do not meet BLS publication criteria.) (Source: BLS [2003].)
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| 6 |  | Figure 2-40 Distribution of MSD cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for a lower percentage of MSD cases in 2001 than nonfatal injury and illness cases (62.5% versus 66.1%). However, female workers accounted for a higher percentage of MSD cases (37.5% versus 33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003d].)
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| 7 |  | Figure 2-48 Distribution of CTS cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 1992-2001. Female workers accounted for nearly 70% of CTS cases during 1992-2001, ranging from 67.0% to 71.6%, with a slightly decreasing trend. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003b].)
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| 8 |  | Figure 2-63 Distribution of tendonitis cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 1992-2001. Female workers accounted for the majority of tendonitis cases during 1992-2001. Over the decade, women represented 54.8% to 62.3% of the cases. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003c].)
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| 9 |  | Figure 2-72 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments, by sex of worker, 1999. Two-thirds (or 2.7 million) of all occupational injuries and illnesses treated in hospital emergency departments occurred among male workers aged 15 and older. However, the disparity between male and female workers was not as great when comparing incidence rates (2.2 versus 3.5 per 100 full-time workers). (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
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| 10 |  | Figure 2-82 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational amputations treated in hospital emergency departments, by sex of worker, 1999. Men suffered an estimated 17,200 amputations, 6 to 7 times more amputations at work than women. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
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| 11 |  | Figure 2-83 Distribution of amputation cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for many more amputation cases (80.6%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (66.1%) in 2001. However, female workers accounted for fewer amputation cases (19.4%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 12 |  | Figure 2-92 Distribution of back injury cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for 64.3% of back injury cases in 2001, slightly less than the 66.1% reported for all nonfatal injury and illness cases. Female workers accounted for a slightly greater percentage of back injury cases (35.7%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 13 |  | Figure 2-101 Distribution of bruise and contusion cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for fewer bruise and contusion cases in 2001 (61.0%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (66.1%). However, female workers accounted for more bruise and contusion cases (39.0%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 14 |  | Figure 2-111 Numbers and rates of nonfatal occupational burns treated in an emergency department, by sex of worker, 1999. The number of burns among male workers was twice the number among female workers in 1999. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
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| 15 |  | Figure 2-112 Distribution of heat burn and scald cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for 68.2% of heat burn and scald cases in 2001 and 66.1% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. Female workers accounted for a lower percentage of heat burn and scald cases (31.8%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 16 |  | Figure 2-121 Distribution of cut and laceration cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for more cut and laceration cases than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (81.9% versus 66.1%). Female workers accounted for fewer cut and laceration cases than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (18.1% versus 33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 17 |  | Figure 2-131 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational fractures treated in emergency departments, by sex of worker, 1999. Men experienced 2 to 3 times more fractures at work than women. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
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| 18 |  | Figure 2-132 Distribution of fracture cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for a larger proportion of fracture cases (73.8%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (66.1%). However, female workers accounted for a smaller proportion of fracture cases (26.2%) than all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 19 |  | Figure 2-141 Distribution of sprain, strain, and tear cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 2001. Male workers accounted for 64.1% of sprain, strain, and tear cases compared with 66.1% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. Female workers accounted for 35.9% of sprain, strain, and tear cases compared with 33.9% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases (33.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
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| 20 |  | Figure 2-156 Distribution and number of pesticide-related illnesses by sex of worker, 1998-1999. Sex of worker was known for 1,006 of the 1,009 pesticide-related occupational illness cases during 1998-1999. Male workers accounted for 63% (636) of all cases and female workers accounted for 36.7% (370 cases). (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
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| 21 |  | Figure 2-167 Distribution and number of hypersensitivity pneumonitis deaths in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by sex and race, 1990-1999. Nearly 29% of hypersensitivity pneumonitis deaths occurred in women during 1990-1999. White residents accounted for 95.7% of hypersensitivity pneumonitis deaths during this period. (Source: NIOSH [2002e].)
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| 22 |  | Figure 2-170 Distribution and number of malignant mesothelioma deaths in U.S. residents aged 15 and older by sex and race, 1999. More than 80% of malignant mesothelioma deaths occurred in men in 1999. White residents accounted for 94.8% of malignant mesothelioma deaths. (Source: NIOSH [2002e].)
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| 23 |  | Figure 2-173 Distribution of pneumoconiosis deaths in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by sex, 1990-1999. Men accounted for more than 98% of the 31,452 decedents with any type of pneumoconiosis during 1990-1999. However, an unusually large proportion of byssinosis decedents (33%) were female. (Note: The sum of deaths for various types of pneumoconiosis exceeds the total number of pneumoconiosis deaths because some decedents had more than one type of pneumoconiosis.) (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 24 |  | Figure 2-211 Distribution of dermatitis cases involving days away from work in private industry by sex, 1992-2001. Male workers accounted for the greatest proportions of dermatitis cases, ranging from 53.4% to 60.3% during 1992-2001. In 2001, male workers accounted for 55.5% of dermatitis cases. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003d].
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| 25 |  | Figure 3-36 Distribution of farm workers by sex and Hispanic ethnicity, 1999. In 1999, farm workers were predominately male (78%) and Hispanic (93%). (Sources: DOL [2001]; Steege and Baron [2002].)
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| 26 |  | Figure 4-13 Number of lost-workday injuries by sex of worker and type of employer and commodity, 2002. In 2002, only 2% (190) of all nonfatally injured mine workers were female, whereas 14.6% of the entire mining workforce was female (Chapter 1, Table 1-4). The highest proportion of female workers with lost-workday injuries was reported by metal operators (6%), and the lowest proportion was reported by metal/nonmetal-independent contractors (1%) and coal operators (2%). (Note: Percentages shown within the bars represent the proportion of male workers with lost-workday injuries.) (Sources: MSHA [2003]; NIOSH [2003a].)
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| 27 |  | Figure 5-7 Number of fatal occupational injuries among workers aged 17 and younger by sex of worker, 1992-2002. For this period, the total number of fatal occupational injuries for workers aged 17 and younger ranged from 41 in 2002 to 73 in 2000. Deaths among male workers predominated, accounting for 89% of the worker deaths reported in this age group during 1992-2002. (Note: Dash in parentheses indicates that no data were reported or that data do not meet BLS publication criteria.) (Source: BLS [2003d].)
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| 28 |  | Figure 5-19 Occupational injuries among young workers in Massachusetts by age and sex, 1993-1999. Workers aged 16 accounted for 30.0% of occupational injuries among adolescents, and workers aged 17 accounted for 58.3%. Male workers accounted for 62.5% of the adolescents injured. (Source: Davis [2002].)
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| 29 |  | Figure 5-23 Number of fatal occupational injuries among workers aged 55 and older by sex, 1992-2002. Male workers accounted for most fatal occupational injuries among older workers (94% during the 11-year period). From year to year, small differences occur in the number of fatal injuries among women, ranging from 67 in 1992 to 101 in 1995. (Source: BLS [2003d].)
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| 30 |  | Figure 5-35 Number of fatal occupational injuries among Hispanic workers by sex, 1992-2002. In 2002, male workers accounted for about 94% of all fatal occupational injuries among Hispanic workers. During this period, fatal occupational injuries among Hispanic female workers ranged from 21 in 1992 to 54 in 2001. (Source: BLS [2003d].)
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| 31 |  | Table 1-2 Number and distribution of employed white, black, and Hispanic workers by sex, 2001. Overall, more male workers (53.4%) than female workers (46.6%) were employed in 2001, though 53.3% of all employed black workers were female; 41.9% of all employed Hispanic workers were female. (Source: BLS [2001].)
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