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A

Agrawal, A. A., Conner, J. K., Johnson, M. T. J., Wallsgrove, R. 2002. Ecological genetics of an induced plant defense against herbivores: Additive genetic variance and costs of phenotypic plasticity. Evolution 56: 2206-2213.

Agrawal, A. A., Kosola, K. R., Parry, D. 2002. Gypsy moth defoliation and N fertilization affect hybrid poplar regeneration following coppicing. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 1491-1495.

Agrawal, A. A., Conner, J., Stinchcombe, J. 2004. Evolution of plant resistance and tolerance to frost damage. Ecology Letters 7: 1199-1208.

Aiken, R. M., Smucker, A. J. M. 1996. Root system regulation of whole plant growth. Annual Review Phytopathology 34: 325-347.

Akinnifesi, F. K., Smucker, A. J. M., Kang, B. T. 2000. Below-ground dynamics in agroforestry systems. Annals of Arid Zone 38: 239-273.

Allen, H. L. 1967. Acetate utilization by heterotrophic bacteria in a pond. Hidrologiai Kozlony 7: 295-297.

Allen, H. L. 1968. Acetate in fresh water: natural substrate concentrations determined by dilution bioassay. Ecology 49: 346-349.

Allen, H. L. 1969. Chemo-organotrophic utilization of dissolved organic compounds by planktic algae and bacteria in a pond. Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie 54: 1-33.

Allen, H. L. 1971. Chemo-organotrophy in epiphytic bacteria with reference to macrophytic release of dissolved organic matter. Pages 277-280 in Cairns, J. J., ed. Structure and Function of Freshwater Microbial Communities. Blacksburg, Virginia, USA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Allen, H. L. 1971. Primary productivity, chemo-organotrophy, and nutritional interactions of epiphytic algae and bacteria on macrophytes in the littoral of a lake. Ecological Monographs 41: 97-127.

Ambus, P., Christensen, S. 1995. Spatial and seasonal nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in Danish forest-, grassland-, and agroecosystems. Journal of Environmental Quality 24: 993-1001.

Ambus, P., Robertson, G. P. 1998. Automated near-continuous measurement of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide fluxes from soil. Soil Science Society of America 62: 394-400.

Ambus, P., Robertson, G. P. 1999. Fluxes of CH4 and N2O in aspen stands grown under ambient and twice-ambient CO2. Plant and Soil 209: 1-8.

Ambus, P., Jensen, E. S., Robertson, G. P. 2001. Nitrous oxide and N-leaching losses from agricultural soil: influence of crop residue particle size, quality and placement. Phyton -Annales Rei Botanicae 41: 7-15.

Ambus, P., Robertson, G. P. 2006. The Effect of increased N deposition on nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide fluxes from unmanaged forest and grassland communities in Michigan. Biogeochemistry 79: 315-337.

Annett, C. S., D'Itri, F. M. 1978. Mercury in fish and sediments in two eutrophic Michigan lakes with respect to time and urbanization. Pages 866-878 in Adriano, D. C., Brisbin, I. L., eds. Environmental Chemistry and Cycling Processes, vol. 45. Augusta, Georgia, USA: Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Division of Biomedical and Environmental Research, Energy Research and Development Administration.

Ayres, M. P., and J. M. Scriber. 1994. Local adaptations to regional climates in Papillo Canadensis Lepidoptera: Papollionidae. Ecological Monographs 64: 465-482.

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B

Bachmann, M. D., Carlton, R. G., Burkholder, J. M., Wetzel, R. G. 1986. Symbiosis between salamander eggs and green algae: microelectrode measurements inside eggs demonstrate effect of photosynthesis on oxygen concentration. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 1586-1588.

Baird, I. E., Wetzel, R. G. 1968. A method for the determination of zero thickness activity of 14C labeled benthic diatoms in sand. Limnology and Oceanography 13: 379-382.

Banovetz, S. J., Scheiner, S. M. 1994. Effects of seed mass on the seed ecology of Coreopsis lanceolata. American Midland Naturalist 131: 65-74.

Banovetz, S. J., Scheiner, S. M. 1994. Secondary seed dormancy in Coreopsis lanceolata. American Midland Naturalist 131: 75-83.

Barko, J. W., Murphy, P. G., Wetzel, R. G. 1977. An investigation of primary production and ecosystem metabolism in a Lake Michigan dune pond. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 81: 155-187.

Barnes, J. R., Ovink, R., Cummins, K. W. 1978. Leaf litter processing in Gull Lake, Michigan, U.S.A. Verhandlungen. International Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 20: 475-479.

Basso, B., Ritchie, J. T. 2005. Impact of compost, manure and inorganic fertilizer on nitrate leaching and yield for a 6-year maize -alfalfa rotation in Michigan. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and the Environment 108: 329-341.

Beaulieu, J. J., C. P. Arango, et al.  2008. The production and emission of nitrous oxide from headwater streams in the midwestern United States. Global Change Biology 14: 878-894.

Becker, C., Boersma, M. 2007. Effects of essential fatty acids on the reproduction of a generalist herbivore. Journal of Plankton Research 29: 463-470.

Beer, S., Wetzel, R. G. 1981. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism in the submerged aquatic angiosperm Scirpus subterminalis. Plant Science Letters 21: 199-207.

Beer, S., Stewart, A. J., Wetzel, R. G. 1982. Measuring chlorophyll a and 14C-labeled photosynthate in aquatic angiosperms by the use of a tissue solubilizer. Plant Physiology 69: 54-57.

Beer, S., Wetzel, R. G. 1982. Photosynthetic carbon fixation pathways in Zostera marina and three Florida seagrasses. Aquatic Botany 13: 141-146.

Beer, S., Wetzel, R. G. 1982. Photosynthesis in submersed macrophytes of a temperate lake. Plant Physiology 70: 488-492.

Bergsma, T. T., Bergsma, Q. C., Ostrom, N. E., Robertson, G. P. 1999. A heuristic model for the calculation of dinitrogen and nitrous oxide flux for 15N-labeled soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 63: 1709- 1716.

Bergsma, T. T., Ostrom, N. E., Emmons, M., Robertson, G. P. 2001. Measuring simultaneous fluxes from soil of N2O and N2 in the field using the 15N-Gas "Nonequilibrium" technique. Environmental Science and Technology 35: 4307-4312.

Bergsma, T. T., Robertson, G. P., Ostrom, N. E. 2002. Influence of soil moisture and land use history on denitrification end-products. Journal of Environmental Quality 31: 711-717.

Berney, M. F., Bird, G. W. 1998. Nematodes. Pages 71-79 in Cavigelli M.A., D. S. R., Probyn L.K., Harwood R.R., ed. Michigan Field Crop Ecology, vol. E-2646. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Bird, G. W., Berney, M. F. 1998. Pest ecology and management. Pages 54-58 in Cavigelli MA, D. S., Probyn LK, Harwood RR, ed. Michigan Field Crop Ecology, vol. E-2646. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin

Bird, G. W., Berney, M. F., Cavigelli, M. A. 1998. Soil ecology. Pages 12-16 in Cavigelli M.A., D. S. R., Probyn L.K., Harwood R.R., ed. Michigan Field Crop Ecology, vol. E-2646. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Bird, G. W. 2000. Nematodes and soil quality. Pages 84-94 in Probyn L.K., C. M. A., Mutch D.R., ed. Michigan Field Crop Pest Ecology and Management, vol. E-2704. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Bird, G. W., Fisk, J. W. 2000. Standards, technology, institutions, and economics of organic farming in the USA. Pages 213-228. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Development of Agribusiness and its Impact on Agriculture Production in Southeast Asia. Tokyo, Japan: Tokyo University of Agriculture.

Bird, G. W. 2001. Patterns of agricultural sustainability. Pages 101-106. Sustainable Agriculture: Possibility and Direction, 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Sustainable Agriculture. Bankok, Thailand: Thailand national Science and Technology Development Agency.

Bird, G. W. 2003. Role of integrated pest management and sustainable development. Pages 73-85 in Maredia KS, D. D., Mota-Sanchez D,, ed. Integrated Pest Management in the Global Arena. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: CABI Publishing.

Bird, G. W., Harwood, R. R., Sanchez, J. E., Berney, M. F., Smeenk, J., Smith, J. J. 2004. Role of nematodes in nutrient cycling. Phytopathology 94: 129.

Bird, G. W., Brewer, M. J. 2006. Integrated pest management, eco-literacy and unexpected consequences in Francis CR, P. C., Bird GW, ed. Developing and Extending Sustainable Agriculture: A New Social Contract. Binghampton, New York, USA: Haworth Press.

Birdsley, J. 2002. Phylogeny of the tyrant flycatchers…. Auk 119: 715-734.

Blackwood, C. B., Marsh, T., Kim, S. H., Paul, E. A. 2003. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data analysis for quantitative comparison of microbial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69: 926-932.

Blackwood, C. B., E.A., P. 2003. Eubacterial community structure and population size within the soil light fraction, rhizosphere, and heavy fraction of several agricultural systems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 35: 1245-1255.

Blackwood, C. B., Dell, C. J., Smucker, A. J., Paul, E. A. 2006. Eubacterial communities in different soil macroaggregate environments and cropping systems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38: 720-728.

Blankespoor, H. D. 1981. What you should know about Swimmers' Itch. Holland, Michigan, USA: H. Blankespoor.

Blankespoor, H. D., Wittrock, D. D., Aho, J., Esch, G. W. 1982. Host-parasite interface of the fluke Collyriclum faba (Bremser in Schmalz, 1831) as revealed by light and electron microscopy. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde 69: 191-199.

Blankespoor, H. D., Esch, G. W., Johnson, W. C. 1985. Some observations on the biology of Collyriclum faba (Bremser in Schmalz, 1831). Journal of Parasitology 71: 469-471.

Boling, R. H. J., Goodman, E. D., VanSickle, J. A., Zimmer, J. O., Cummins, K. W., Petersen, R. C., Reice, S. R. 1975. Toward a model of detritus processing in a woodland stream. Ecology 56: 141-151.

Boon, J. J., Wetzel, R. G., Godshalk, G. L. 1982. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry of some Scirpus species and their decomposition products. Limnology and Oceanography 27: 839-848.

Boon, J., Windig, J. W., Wetzel, R. G., Godshalk, G. L. 1983. Analytical pyrolysis of particulate residues of decomposing Myriophyllum heterophyllum. Aquatic Botany 15: 307-320.

Bossart, J. L., Scriber, J. M. 1995. Maintenance of ecologically significant genetic variation in the tiger swallowtail butterfly through differential selection and gene flow. Evolution 49: 1163-1171.

Bossart, J. L., Scriber, J. M. 1995. Genetic variation in oviposition preferences in a tiger swallowtail butterfly: interspecific, interpopulation, and interindividual comparisons. Pages 183-193 in Scriber JM, T. Y., Lederhouse RC, ed. The Swallowtail Butterflies:  Their Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Gainsville, Florida, USA: Scientific Publishers, Inc.

Bradshaw, L., Goldberg, D. E. 1989. Resource levels in undisturbed vegetation and mole mounds in old fields. American Midland Naturalist 121: 176-183.

Bradshaw, H. D., Schemske, D. W. 2003. Allele substitution at a flower colour locus produces a pollinator shift in monkeyflowers. Nature 426: 176-178.

Brammer, E. S., Wetzel, R. G. 1984. Uptake and release of K+, Na+, and Ca2+ by the water soldier, Stratiotes aloides L. Aquatic Botany 19: 119-130.

Brassil, C. E. 2006. Can environmental variation generate positive indirect effects in a model of shared predation? American Naturalist 167: 43-54.

Broughton, L. C., Gross., K. L. 2000. Patterns of diversity in plant and soil microbial communities along a productivity gradient in a Michigan old-field. Oecologia 125: 420-427.

Brown, J. M., Wilson, D. S. 1992. Local specialization of phoretic mites on sympatric carrion beetle hosts. Ecology 73: 463-478.

Brown, J. M., Wilson, D. S. 1994. Poecilochirus carabi: behavioral and life-history adaptations to different hosts and the consequences of geographical shifts in host communities. Pages 1-22 in Houck, M. A., ed. Mites: Ecological and Evolutionary Analyses of Life-history Patterns. New York, N.Y., USA: Chapman & Hall.

Bruns, M. A., Fries, M. A., Tiedje, J. M., Paul, E. A. 1998. Functional gene hybridization patterns of terrestrial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Microbial Ecology 36: 293-302.

Bruns, M. A., Stephen, J. R., Prosser, J. I., Paul, E. A. 1999. Comparative diversity of ammonia-oxidizer 16S rRNA gene sequences in native, tilled, and successional soils. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65: 2994-3000.

Buckley, D. H., Graber, J. R., Schmidt, T. M. 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of nonthermophilic members of the Kingdom (Crenarachaeota) and their diversity and abundance in soils. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64: 4333-4339.

Buckley, D. H., Schmidt, T. M. 2001. Environmental factors influencing the distribution of rRNA from Verrucomicrobia in soil. FEMS Microbial Ecology 35: 105-112.

Buckley, D. H., Schmidt, T. M. 2001. The structure of microbial communities in soil and the lasting impact of cultivation. Microbial Ecology 42: 11-21.

Buckley, D. H., Schmidt, T. M. 2002. Exploring the diversity of soil - a microbial rainforest. Pages 183-208 in Staley JT, R. A., ed. Biodiversity of Microbial Life: Foundation of Earth's Biosphere. New York, New York, USA: Wiley.

Buckley, D. H., Schmidt, T. M. 2003. Diversity and dynamics of microbial communities in soils from agroecosystems. Environmental Microbiology 5: 441-452.

Bunn, S. E., M. C. Thoms, et al. 2006.  Flow variability in dryland rivers: Boom, bust and the bits in between. River Research and Applications 22(2): 179-186.

Burbank, D. H., Pregitzer, K. S., Gross, K. L. 1992. Vegetation of the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Kalamazoo County, Michigan. Michigan State University.  Agricultural Experiment Station.  Research Report 510. Report no. 510.

Burbidge, R. G. 1969. Age, growth, length-weight relationship, sex ratio, and food habits of American smelt, Osmerus mordax (Mitchell), from Gull Lake, Michigan. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 98: 631-640.

Burch, J. B., Patterson, C. M. 1966. Key to the genera of land gastropods (snails and slugs) of Michigan. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan. Museum of Zoology. Circular 5. Report no. Circular 5.

Burgin, A. J., Hamilton, S. K. 2007. Have we overemphasized the role of denitrification in aquatic ecosystems? A review of nitrate removal pathways. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 5: 89-96.

Burkholder, J. M., Sheath, R. G. 1984. The seasonal distribution, abundance and diversity of desmids (Chlorophyta) in a softwater, north temperate stream. Journal of Phycology 20: 159-172.

Burkholder, J. M., Sheath, R. G. 1985. Characteristics of softwater streams in Rhode Island. I. A comparative analysis of physical and chemical variables. Hydrobiologia 128: 97-108.

Burkholder, J. M., Wetzel, R. G. 1989. Microbial colonization on natural and artificial macrophytes in a phosphorus-limited, hardwater lake. Journal of Phycology 25: 55-65.

Burkholder, J. M., Wetzel, R. G. 1989. Epiphytic microalgae on natural substrata in a hardwater lake: seasonal dynamics of community structure, biomass and ATP content. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie. Supplement 83: 1-56.

Burkholder, J. M., Wetzel, R. G. 1990. Epiphytic alkaline phosphatase on natural and artificial plants in an oligotrophic lake: re-evaluation of the role of macrophytes as a phosphorus source for epiphytes. Limnology and Oceanography 35: 736-747.

Burns, R. D. 1963. Michigan cooperative cardinal study. Nesting data. Jack-Pine Warbler 41: 56-61.

Burton, T. M., Stanford, R. M., Allan, J. W. 1981. The effects of acid rain on Michigan streams. Michigan Riparian November: 6-7.

Burton, T., Stanford, R. M., Allan, J. W. 1982. Effects of acidification on stream ecosystems. Pages 209-235 in D'Itri, F. M., ed. Acid Precipitation: Effects on Ecological Systems. Woburn, Michigan, USA: Ann Arbor Science.

Burton, T. M., Allan, J. W. 1986. Influence of pH, aluminum, and organic matter on stream invertebrates. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43: 1285-1289.

Bushnell, J. H., Jr. 1965. On the taxonomy and distribution of freshwater Ectoprocta in Michigan. Part I. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 84: 231-244.

Bushnell, J. H., Jr. 1965. On the taxonomy and distribution of freshwater Ectoprocta in Michigan. Part II. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 84: 339-358.

Bushnell, J. H., Jr. 1965. On the taxonomy and distribution of freshwater Ectoprocta in Michigan. Part III. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 84: 529-548.

Bushnell, J. H., Jr. 1966. Environmental relations of Michigan Ectoprocta, and dynamics of natural populations of Plumatella repens. Ecological Monographs 36: 95-123.

Bushnell, J. H., Jr., and T. W. Porter. 1967. The occurrence, habitat, and prey of Craspedacusta sowerbyi (particularly polyp stage) in Michigan. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 86: 22-27.

Butler, R., et al. 2007. Cyberinfrastructure for the analysis of ecological acoustic sensor data: a use case study in grid deployment. Cluster Computing 10: 301-310.

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Cáceres, C. E., Tessier, A. J. 2003. How long to rest:  the ecology of optimal dormancy and environmental constraint. Ecology 84: 1189-1198.

Cáceres, C. E., Tessier, A. J. 2004. To sink or swim: Variable diapause strategies among Daphnia species. Limnology and Oceangraphy 49: 1333-1340.

Cáceres, C. E., Tessier, A. J. 2004. Incidence of diapause varies among populations of Daphnia pulicaria. Oecologia 141: 425-431.

Cáceres, C. E., Hall, S. R., Duffy, M. A., Tessier, A. J., Helmle, C., MacIntyre, S. 2006. Physical structure of lakes constrains epidemics in Daphnia populations. Ecology 87: 1438-1444.

Cáceres, C. E., Christoff, A. N., Boeing., W. J. 2007. Variation in ephippial buoyancy in Daphnia pulicaria. . Freshwater Biology 52: 313-318.

Caldeira, K., Morgan, M. G., Baldocchi, D., Brewer, P. G., Chen, C. T. A., Nabuurs, G.-J., N.Nakicenovic, Robertson, G. P. 2004. A portfolio of carbon management options. Pages 103 in Field, C. B., Raupach, M. R., eds. The Global Carbon Cycle: Intergrating Humans, Climate, and the Natural World. New York, New York,: Island Press.

Caldwell, D. E., Hirsch, P. 1973. Growth of microorganisms in two-dimensional steady-state diffusion gradients. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 19: 53-58.

Caldwell, D. E., Tiedje, J. M. 1975. The structure of anaerobic bacterial communities in the hypolimnia of several Michigan lakes. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 21: 377-385.

Caldwell, D. E., Tiedje, J. M. 1975. A morphological study of anaerobic bacteria from the hypolimnia of two Michigan lakes. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 21: 362-376.

Caldwell, D. E., Caldwell, S. J., Tiedje, J. M. 1975. An ecological study of the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from the littoral zone of a Michigan lake and a sulfur spring in Florida. Plant and Soil 43: 101-114.

Calheiros, D. F., Hamilton, S. K. 1998. Limnological conditions associated with natural fish kills in the Pantanal Wetland of Brazil. Verhandlungen.  Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 26: 2189-2193.

Calmon, M. A., Batchelor, W. D., Jones, J. W., Ritchie, J. T., Boote, K. J., Hammond, L. C. 1999. Simulating soybean root growth and soil water extraction using a functional crop. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineering 42: 1867-1877.

Carlton, R. G., Wetzel, R. G. 1985. A box corer for studying metabolism of epipelic microorganisms in sediment under in situ conditions. Limnology and Oceanography 30: 422-426.

Carlton, R. G., Wetzel, R. G. 1987. Distributions and fates of oxygen in periphyton communities. Canadian Journal of Botany 65: 1031-1037.

Carlton, R. G., Wetzel, R. G. 1988. Phosphorus flux from lake sediments: effect of epipelic algal oxygen production. Limnology and Oceanography 33: 562-570.

Carlton, R. G., Walker, G. S., Klug, M. J., Wetzel, R. G. 1989. Relative values of oxygen, nitrate, and sulfate to terminal microbial processes in the sediments of Lake Superior. Journal of Great Lakes Research 15: 133-140.

Carlton, R. G., Paerl, H. W. 1989. Oxygen-induced changes in morphology of aggregates of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (Cyanophyceae): implications for nitrogen fixation potentials. Journal of Phycology 25: 326-333.

Caswell, H., Werner, P. A. 1978. Transient behavior and life history analysis of teasel Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. Ecology 59: 53-66.

Cavigelli, M. A., Robertson, G. P., Klug, M. J. 1995. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles as measures of soil microbial community structure. Plant and Soil 170: 99-113.

Cavigelli, M. A. 1998. Carbon and Nitrogen. Pages 17- 43 in Cavigelli, M. A., Deming, S. R., Probyn, L. K., Harwood, R. R., eds. Michigan Field Crop Ecology: Managing Biological Processes for Productivity and  Environmental Quality, vol. E-2646: Michigan State University.

Cavigelli, M. A., Deming, S. R., Probyn, L. K., Harwood, R. R., eds. 1998. Michigan Field Crop Ecology: Managing Biological Processes for Productivity and Environmental Quality: Michigan State University.

Cavigelli, M. A., Robertson, G. P. 2000. The functional significance of denitrifier community composistion in a terrestrial ecosystem. Ecology 81: 1402-1414.

Cavigelli, M. A. 2000. Soil ecology and pest management. Pages 25-34 in Probyn LK, C. M., Mutch DR, ed. Michigan Field Crop Pest Ecology and Management., vol. E-2704. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Cavigelli, M. A., Robertson, G. P. 2001. Role of denitrifier diversity in rates of nitrous oxide consumption in a terrestrial ecosystem. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 33: 297-310.

Chase, J. M. 1999. To grow or to reproduce? The role of life-history plasticity in food web dynamics. The American Naturalist 154: 571-586.

Chase, J. M. 1999. Food web effects of prey size refugia: Variable interactions and alternative stable equilibria. The American Naturalist 154: 559-570.

Chase, J. M., Leibold, M. A. 2002. Spatial scale dictates the productivity-diversity relationship. Nature 416: 427-430.

Chase, J. M. 2003. Experimental evidence for alternative stable equilibria in a benthic pond food web. Ecology Letters 6: 733-741.

Chase, J. M. 2003. Strong and Weak Trophic Cascades Along a Productivity Gradient. Oikos 101: 187-195.

Christenson, D. R., Warncke, D. D., Vitosh, M. L., Jacobs, L. W., Dahl, J. G. 1992. Fertilizer Recommendations for Field Crops in Michigan. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Cid-Benevento, C. R., Werner, P. A. 1986. Local distributions of old-field and woodland annual plant species: demography, physiological tolerances and allocation of biomass of five species grown in experimental light and soil-moisture gradients. Journal of Ecology 74: 857-880.

Cid-Benevento, C. R., Schaal, B. A. 1986. Variation in population growth rate in the woodland annual Impatiens pallida (Balsaminaceae). American Journal of Botany 73: 1031-1042.

Cid-Benevento, C. R. 1987. Distributional limits of old-field and woodland annual herbs: the relative importance of seed availability and interference from herbaceous vegetation. American Midland Naturalist 117: 296-306.

Cid-Benevento, C. R. 1987. Relative effects of light, soil moisture availability and vegetative size on sex ratio of two monoecious woodland annual herbs: Acalypha rhomboidea (Euphorbiaceae) and Pilea pumila (Urticaceae). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 114: 293-306.

Clark, A. B. 1985. Sociality in a nocturnal "solitary" prosimian: Galago crassicaudatus. International Journal of Primatology 6: 581-600.

Clark, A. B., Wilson, D. S. 1985. The onset of incubation in birds. American Naturalist 125: 603-611.

Clark, A. B., Ehlinger, T. J. 1987. Pattern and adaptation in individual behavior differences. Perspectives in Ethology 7: 1-47.

Clark, A. B. 1988. Interspecific differences and discrimination of auditory and olfactory signals of Galago crassicaudatus and Galago garnettii. International Journal of Primatology 9: 557-571.

Clark, M. S., Gage, S. H., Spence, J. R. 1997. Habitats and management associated with common ground beetles Coleoptera: Carabidae in a Michigan agricultural landscape. Environmental Entomology 26: 519-527.

Cohen, G. M., Shurin., J. B. 2003. Scale-dependence and mechanisms of dispersal infreshwater zooplankton. Oikos 103: 603-617.

Collins, H. P., Robertson, G. P., Klug, M. J., eds. 1995. The Significance and Regulation of Soil Biodiversity Boston, Massachusetts, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Collins, H. P., Paul, E. A., Paustian, K., Elliott, E. T. 1997. Characterization of soil organic carbon relative to its stability and turnover. Pages 51-72 in Paul EA, P. K., Elliott ET, Cole CV,, ed. Soil Organic Matter in Temperate Agroecosystems: Long-Term Experiments in North America. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Lewis Publishers, Inc.

Collins, H. P., Blevins, R. L., Bundy, L. G., Christenson, D. R., Dick, W. A., Huggins, D. R., Paul, E. A. 1999. Soil carbon dynamics in corn-based agroecosystems: Results from carbon-13 natural abundance. Soil Science Society of America Journal 63: 584-591.

Collins, H. P., Elliott, E. T., Paustian, K., Bundy, L. G., Dick, W. A., Huggins, D. R., Smucker, A. J. M., Paul, E. A. 2000. Soil carbon pools and fluxes in long-term corn belt agroecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 157-168.

Colunga-Garcia, M., Gage, S. H., Landis, D. A. 1997. The response of an assemblage of Coccinellidae Coleoptera to a diverse agricultural landscape. Environmental Entomology 26: 797-804.

Colunga-Garcia, M., Gage, S. H. 1998. Arrival, establishment, and habitat use of the multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera) in a Michigan landscape. Environmental Entomology 27: 1574-1580.

Colunga-Garcia, M., Gage, S. H., Dyer, L. E. 1998. The insect community. Pages 59-70 in Cavigelli, M. A., Deming, S.R., Probyn, L.K., Harwood, R.R., ed. Michigan Field Crop Ecology: Managing Biological Processes for Productivity and Environmental Quality., vol. E-2646. East Lansing, Michigan, USA: Michigan State University Extension Bulletin.

Conner, J. K. 1997. Floral evolution in wild radish:  the roles of pollinators, natural selection, and genetic correlations among traits. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158 Suppl: S108-S120.

Conner, J. K., Zangori, L. A. 1998. Combined effects of water, nutrient, and UV-B stress on female fitness in Brassica (Brassicaceae). American Journal of Botany 85: 925-931.

Conner, J. K. 2001. How strong is natural selection? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16: 215-217.

Conner, J. K., Neumeier, R. 2002. The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation and intraspecific competition on growth, pollination success, and lifetime female fitness in Phacelia campanularia and P. purshii (Hydrophyllaceae). American Journal of Botany 89: 103-110.

Conner, J. 2002. Genetic mechanisms of floral trait correlations in a natural population. Nature 420: 407-410.

Conner, J. K., Rice, A. M., Stewart, C., Morgan, M. T. 2003. Patterns and mechanisms of selection on a family-diagnostic trait: evidence from experimental manipulation and lifetime fitness selection gradients. Evolution 57: 480-486.

Conner, J. K., Franks, R., Stewart, C. 2003. Expression of additive genetic variances and covariances for wild radish floral traits: Comparison between field and greenhouse environments. Evolution 57: 487-495.

Conner, J. K. 2003. Artificial selection: a powerful tool for ecologists. Ecology 84: 1650-1660.

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Haack, S. K., Garchow, H., Odelson, D. A., Forney, L. J., Klug, M. J. 1994. Accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of model bacterial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60: 2483-2493.

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Hall, D. J., Ehlinger, T. J. 1989. Perturbation, planktivory and pelagic community structure: the consequence of winterkill in a small lake. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46: 2203-2209.

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Hall, S. R., Smith, V. H., Lytle, D. A., Leibold, M. A. 2005. Constraints on primary producer N:P stoichiometry along N:P supply ratio gradients. Ecology 86: 1894-1904.

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Hall, S. R., Tessier, A. J., Duffy, M. A., Huebner, M., Cáceres, C. E. 2006. Warmer does not have to mean sicker: temperature and predators can jointly drive timing of epidemics. Ecology 87: 1684-1695.

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Hamilton, S. K., Tank, J. L., Raikow, D. F., Wollheim, W. M., Peterson, B. J., Webster., J. R. 2001. Nitrogen uptake and transformation in a midwestern US stream: A stable isotope enrichment study. Biogeochemistry 54: 297-340.

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Werner, E. E. 1977. Species packing and niche complementarity in three sunfishes. American Naturalist 111: 553-578.

Werner, P. A., Caswell, H. 1977. Population growth rates and age versus stage-distribution models for teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris) Huds. Ecology 58: 1103-1111.

Werner, E. E., Hall, D. J., Laughlin, D. R., Wagner, D. J., Wilsmann, L. A., Funk, F. C. 1977. Habitat partitioning in a freshwater fish community. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34: 360-370.

Werner, P. A. 1977. Colonization success of a "biennial" plant species: experimental field studies of species cohabitation and replacement. Ecology 58: 840-849.

Werner, P. A., Rioux, R. 1977. The biology of Canadian weeds. 24. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 57: 905-919.

Werner, E. E., Hall, D. J. 1977. Competition and habitat shift in two sunfishes (Centrachidae). Ecology 58: 869-876.

Werner, E. E., Hall, D. J., Werner, M. D. 1978. Littoral zone fish communities of two Florida lakes and a comparison with Michigan lakes. Environmental Biology of Fishes 3: 163-172.

Werner, P. A. 1978. On the determination of age in Liatris aspera using cross-sections of corms: implications for past demographic studies. Letter to the Editor. American Naturalist 112: 1113-1120.

Werner, E. E. 1978. Niche partitioning by food size in fish communities. Pages 311-322 in Clepper, H., ed. Predator-prey Systems in Fisheries Management. International Symposium on Predator-prey Systems in Fish Communities and their Role in Fisheries Management. Washington D.C. USA: Sport Fishing Institute.

Werner, E. E., Hall, D. J. 1979. Foraging efficiency and habitat switching in competing sunfishes. Ecology 60: 256-264.

Werner, P. A. 1979. Competition and coexistence of similar species. Pages 287-310 in Solbrig, O., ed. Topics in Plant Population Biology. New York City, New York, USA: Columbia University Press.

Werner, P. A., Bradbury, I. K., Gross, R. S. 1980. The biology of Canadian weeds. 45. Solidago canadensis L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 60: 1393-1409.

Werner, E. E., Mittelbach, G. G., Hall, D. J. 1981. The role of foraging profitability and experience in habitat use by the bluegill sunfish. Ecology 62: 116-125.

Werner, E. E., Mittelbach, G. G. 1981. Optimal foraging: field tests of diet choice and habitat switching. American Zoologist 21: 813-829.

Werner, P. A., Harbeck, A. L. 1982. The pattern of tree seedling establishment relative to staghorn sumac cover in Michigan old fields. American Midland Naturalist 108: 124-132.

Werner, E. E., Mittelbach, G. G., Hall, D. J., Gilliam, J. F. 1983. Experimental tests of optimal habitat use in fish: the role of relative habitat profitability. Ecology 64: 1525-1539.

Werner, E. E., Gilliam , J. F., Hall, D. J., Mittelbach, G. G. 1983. An Experimental test of the effects of predation risk on habitat use in fish. Ecology 64: 1540-1548.

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Werner, E. E., Gilliam, J. F. 1984. Ontogenetic niche and species interactions in size-structured populations. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 15: 393-425.

Werner, E. E. 1986. Species interactions in freshwater fish communities. Pages 344-357 in Diamond, J., Case, T. J., eds. Community Ecology. New York, New York, USA: Harper and Row.

Werner, E. E. 1986. Amphibian metamorphosis: growth rate, predation risk, and the optimal size at transformation. American Naturalist 128: 319-341.

Werner, E. E., Hall, D. J. 1988. Ontogenetic habitat shifts in bluegill: the foraging rate-predation risk trade-off. Ecology 69: 1352-1366.

Werner, E. E., McPeek, M. A. 1994. Direct and indirect effects of predators on two anuran species along an environmental gradient. Ecology 75: 1368-1382.

Werner, E. E. 1994. Ontogenetic scaling of competitive relations: size-dependent effects and responses in two anuran larvae. Ecology 75: 197-213.

Werner, P. A., Murphy., P. G. 2001. Size Specific biomass allocation and water content of above and below ground components of three eucalyptus species in a northern Australian savanna. Australian Journal of Botany 49: 155-167.

Werner, P. A. 2005. Impact of feral water buffalo and fire on growth and survival of mature savanna trees: An experimental field study in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia. Austral Ecology 30: 625-647.

Werner, P. A., Cowie, I. D., Cusack, J. S. 2006. Juvenile tree growth and demography in response to feral water buffalo in savannas of northern Australia: an experimental field study in Kakadu National Park. Australian Journal of Botany 54: 283-296

Wetzel, R. G. 1967. Dissolved organic compounds and their utilization in two marl lakes. Hidrologiai Kozlony 7: 298-303.

Wetzel, R. G. 1968. Dissolved organic matter and phytoplanktonic productivity in marl lakes. Mitteilungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 14: 261-270.

Wetzel, R. G., McGregor, D. L. 1968. Axenic culture and nutritional studies of aquatic macrophytes. American Midland Naturalist 80: 52-64.

Wetzel, R. G. 1969. Factors influencing photosynthesis and excretion of dissolved organic matter by aquatic macrophytes in hard-water lakes. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Liminologie 17: 72-85.

Wetzel, R. G. 1969. Excretion of dissolved organic compounds by aquatic macrophytes. BioScience 19: 539-540.

Wetzel, R. G. 1969. Chapters on: Periphyton; the 14C light and dark bottle technique; The enclosure of macrophyte communities; Periphyton production rates from changes in biomass. Pages 33-40, 70-73, 81-90, 107 in Vollenweider, R. A., ed. A Manual on Methods for Measuring Primary Production in Environments: Including a Chapter on Bacteria. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

Wetzel, R. G. 1970. Recent and postglacial production rates of a marl lake. Limnology and Oceanography 15: 491-503.

Wetzel, R. G. 1972. The role of carbon in hardwater marl lakes. Pages 84-97 in Likens, G. E., ed. Nutrients and Eutrophication: The Limiting-Nutrient Controversy. Proceedings of the Symposium . Special Symposium 1. Lawrence, Kansas, USA: American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.

Wetzel, R. G., A., M. B. 1972. Secretion of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen by aquatic macrophytes. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 18: 162-170.

Wetzel, R. G., Manny, B. A. 1972. Decomposition of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen compounds from leaves in an experimental hardwater system. Limnology and Oceanography 17: 927-931.

Wetzel, R. G., Rich, P. H., Miller, M. C., Allen, H. L. 1972. Metabolism of dissolved and particulate detrital carbon in a temperate hard-water lake. Memorie Dell'Istituto Italiano Di Idrobiologia Dott. Marco De Marchi 29 Suppl: 185-243.

Wetzel, R. G., Allen, H. L. 1972. Functions and interactions of dissolved organic matter and the littoral zone in lake metabolism and eutrophication. Pages 333-347 in Kajak, Z., Hillbricht-Ilkowska, A., eds. Productivity Problems of Freshwaters. Krakow, Poland: Polish Scientific Publishers.

Wetzel, R. G. 1973. Productivity investigations of interconnected marl lakes. I. The eight lakes of the Oliver and Walters chains, Northeastern Indiana. Hydrobiological Studies (Prague) 3: 91-143.

Wetzel, R. G., Hough, R. G. 1973. Productivity and role of aquatic macrophytes in lakes. An assessment. Polski Archiwum Hydrobiologii 20: 9-19.

Wetzel, R. G., Rich, P. H. 1973. Carbon in freshwater systems. Pages 241-263 in Woodwell, G. M., Pecan, E. V., eds. Carbon and the Biosphere. Proceedings of the 24th Brookhaven Symposium in Biology: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.

Wetzel, R. G., Otsuki, A. 1974. Allochthonous organic carbon of a marl lake. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 73: 31-56.

Wetzel, R. G. 1975. Primary production. Pages 230-247 in Whitton, B. A., ed. River Ecology. Oxford, England: Blackwell.

Wetzel, R. G. 1975. Limnology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.

Wetzel, R. G. 1976. Effects of precipitation inputs on macrophytes. Journal of Great Lakes Research 2 Proceedings of the Symposium on Atmospheric contribution to the Chemistry of Lake Waters.: 218-221.

Wetzel, R. G., Manny, B. A. 1977. Seasonal changes in particulate and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a hardwater stream. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 80: 20-39.

Wetzel, R. G., Richey, J. E. 1978. Analysis of five North American lake ecosystems. VIII. Control mechanisms and regulation. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 20: 605-608.

Wetzel, R. G., Manny, B. A. 1978. Postglacial rates of sedimentation, nutrient and fossil pigment deposition in a hardwater marl lake of Michigan. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 25: 453-469.

Wetzel, R. G. 1979. The role of the littoral zone and detritus in lake metabolism. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie. Beiheft. Ergebnisse der Limnologie 13: 145-161.

Wetzel, R. G., Penhale, P. A. 1979. Transport of carbon and excretion of dissolved organic carbon by leaves and roots/rhizomes in seagrasses and their epiphytes. Aquatic Botany 6: 149-158.

Wetzel, R. G., Likens, G. E. 1979. Limnological Analyses. Philadelphia. PA  USA: W. B. Saunders Company.

Wetzel, R. G. 1981. Longterm dissolved and particulate alkaline phosphatase activity in a hardwater lake in relation to lake stability and phosphorus enrichments. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 21: 369-381.

Wetzel, R. G., Grace, J. B. 1983. Aquatic plant communities. Pages 223-280 in Lemon, E. R., ed. CO2 and Plants: The Response of Plants to Rising Levels of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. Boulder, CO, USA: Westview Press.

Wetzel, R. G. 1983. Attached algal-substrata interactions: fact of myth, and when and how. Pages 208-215 in Wetzel, R. G., ed. Periphyton of Freshwater Ecosystems: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Periphyton of Freshwater Ecosystems. The Hague, Netherlands: Junk.

Wetzel, R. G., Brammer, E. S., Forsberg, C. 1984. Photosynthesis of submersed macrophytes in acidified lakes. 1. Carbon fluxes and recycling of CO2 in Juncus bulbosus L. Aquatic Botany 19: 329-342.

Wetzel, R. G. 1984. Detrital dissolved and particulate organic carbon functions in aquatic ecosystems. Bulletin of Marine Science 35: 503-509.

Wetzel, R. G. 1984. Acidification and the future. Vatten 40: 289-293.

Wetzel, R. G. 1985. Metabolism in interfacing zones between the watershed and lakes: effects on eutrophication. Pages 133-138. SHIGA Conference '84 on Conservation and Management of World Lake Environment. Proceedings.

Wetzel, R. G., White, W. S. 1985. Alteration of iron-CaCO3 precipitation by yellow organic acids of aquatic angiosperm origin. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 104: 247-251.

Wetzel, R. G., Bramer, E. S., Lindstrom, K., Forsberg, C. 1985. Photosynthesis of submersed macrophytes in acidified lakes. II. Carbon limitation and utilization of benthic CO2 sources. Aquatic Botany 22: 107-120.

Wetzel, R. G. 1988. Water as an environment for plant life. Pages 1-30 in Symoens, J. J., ed. Vegetation of Inland Waters. Boston, Massachusetts, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Wetzel, R. G. 1989. Wetland and littoral interfaces of lakes: productivity and nutrient regulation in the Lawrence Lake ecosystem. Pages 283-302 in Sharitz, R. R., Gibbons, J. W., eds. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife. Charleston, South Carolina, USA: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information.

Wetzel, R. G. 1990. Land-water interfaces: metabolic and limnological regulators. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 24: 6-24.

Wetzel, R. G. 1990. Reservoir ecosystems: conclusions and speculations. Pages 227-238 in Thornton, K. W., Kimmel, B. L., Payne, F. E., eds. Reservoir Limnology. New York, New York, USA: Wiley.

White, W. S., Wetzel, R. G. 1973. A modified sedimentation trap. Limnology and Oceanography 18: 986-988.

White, W. S., Wetzel, R. G. 1975. Nitrogen, phosphorus, particulate and colloidal carbon content of sedimenting seston of a hard-water lake. Verhandlungen. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 19: 330-339.

White, W. S., Wetzel, R. G. 1985. Association of vitamin B12 with calcium carbonate in hardwater lakes. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 104: 305-309.

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Yang, D. S., Pijanowski, B. C., Gage, S. H. 1998. Analysis of gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) population dynamics in Michigan using geographic information systems. Environmental Entomology 27: 842-852.

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Yoshiyama, K. and C. A. Klausmeier.  2008. Optimal cell size for resource uptake in fluids: A new facet of resource competition. . The American Naturalist 171(1): 59-70.

 

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Zhou, J., Bruns, M. A., Tiedje, J. M. 1996. DNA recovery from soils of diverse composition. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62: 316-322.

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