| Calypso bulbosa |
| Calypso or Fairy-slipper |
Key Characteristics
Very small perennial orchid (10-20 cm) of moist coniferous forests with one oval, basal leaf; flower small, pink to purple, with a pouch crested by yellow hairs.
Status and Rank
- State Status: T - Threatened (legally protected)
- State Rank: S2 - Imperiled
- Global Rank: G5 - Secure
Occurrences
| County Name | Number of Occurrences | Year Last Observed |
|---|---|---|
| Alcona | 1 | 1876 |
| Alger | 3 | 1984 |
| Alpena | 1 | 1908 |
| Antrim | 1 | 1893 |
| Benzie | 1 | 1893 |
| Charlevoix | 6 | 1989 |
| Cheboygan | 1 | 1931 |
| Chippewa | 14 | 1995 |
| Crawford | 2 | 1887 |
| Delta | 4 | 1995 |
| Emmet | 5 | 1985 |
| Gogebic | 2 | 1974 |
| Iron | 1 | 2005 |
| Isabella | 1 | 1892 |
| Keweenaw | 26 | 1994 |
| Leelanau | 2 | 1989 |
| Mackinac | 16 | 2000 |
| Marquette | 2 | 1940 |
| Menominee | 2 | 2005 |
| Montmorency | 1 | 1955 |
| Presque Isle | 3 | 1984 |
| Roscommon | 1 | 1849 |
| Schoolcraft | 3 | 1981 |
![Occurrence Map for [Sname]](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20090116101221im_/http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/maptmp/NFR_Distributions12321005222536.png)
Information is summarized from MNFI's database of rare species and community occurrences. Data may not reflect true distribution since much of the state has not been thoroughly surveyed.
Habitat
Occurs in spruce-balsam-cedar swamps, moist coniferous forests with cool soils, and Great Lakes shoreline forests dominated by spruce, cedar, fir, and paper birch. It is especially found on calcareous substrates.
Natural Community Types
Associated Plants
White cedar, balsam fir, white and black spruce, ram's head orchid, dwarf lake iris, ebony sedge, beauty sedge, Canada mayflower, starflower, gaywings, twinflower, shrubby cinquefoil, blue-bead lily, goldthread, fly honeysuckle, naked miterwort, and kidney-leaved violet.
Management
Likely requires maintenance of an overstory. It is sometimes vulnerable to impacts from photographers. Requires protection of habitat and hydrological regimes.
General Survey Guidelines
Random meander search covers areas that appear likely to have rare taxa, based on habitat and the judgement of the investigator.
Survey Methods
- Meander search
Survey Period: From third week of May to third week of June
More Information
See MNFI Species AbstractReferences
Survey References
- Elzinga, C.L., D.W. Salzer, and J.W. Willoughby. 1998. Measuring and Monitoring Plant Populations. The Nature Conservancy and Bureau of Land Management, Denver. BLM Technical Reference 1730-1. 477pp.
- Goff, G.F., G.A. Dawson, and J.J. Rochow. 1982. Site examination for Threatened and Endangered plant species. Environmental Management 6(4): 307-316
- Nelson, J.R. 1984. Rare Plant Field Survey Guidelines. In: J.P. Smith and R. York. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California. 3rd Ed. California Native Plant Society, Berkeley. 174pp.
- Nelson, J.R. 1986. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques For Impact Assessment. Natural Areas Journal 5(3):18-30.
- Nelson, J.R. 1987. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques for Impact Assessment. In: Conservation and management of rare and endangered plants. Ed. T.S. Elias. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. 8pp.
Technical References
- Case, F.W., Jr. 1987. Orchids of the Western Great Lakes Region. Revised ed. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bull. 48. 251pp.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2002. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliaphyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford University Press, New York. 723pp.
- Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Second edition. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 910pp.
- Gray, A. 1950. Gray's Manual of Botany; eighth ed. Van Nostrand Reinghold, New York. 1632pp.
- Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Illustrations of the vascular plants of Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 937pp.
- Luer, C.A. 1975. The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, Excluding Florida. Native Orchids U.S. & Canada. Barrons Educational Series, Hauppauge.
- Scoggan, H.J. 1978. The Flora of Canada. National Museum of Natural Science Publications Botany 4: 1711pp.
- Voss, E. G. 1972. Michigan Flora. Part I. Gymnosperms and Monocots. Bulletin of the Cranbrook Institute of Science and University of Michigan Herbarium. 488pp.
- Whiting, R.E. and P.M. Catling. 1986. Orchids of Ontario. The CanaColl Foundation, Ottawa. 169pp.