Albania | Azerbaijan | Belize | Cape Verde | Central America  | Costa Rica | Czech Republic | Eastern Europe and Eurasia | Ecuador | El Salvador | Georgia Republic | Guatemala | Haiti | Honduras | Jamaica  Mozambique | Moldova | Nicaragua | Paraguay | Puerto Rico | Romania | Russia | Ukraine

en Español
Centramérica | El Salvador | Guatemala | Honduras 

Datasets are available upon request, some countries will require approval from host country contact us for more information. Join our mailing list and receive periodic updates about new surveys.

Albania
Albania Reproductive Health Survey, 2002

Survey Characteristics:
The Albania Reproductive Health Survey, conducted between August and December 2002, is the first nationally representative reproductive health survey in Albania. The survey, composed of face-to-face interviews with 5,697 women aged 15–44 and 1,740 men aged 15–49, was designed to produce estimates for three strata: Tirana, other urban areas, and rural areas. The questionnaire included detailed questions about fertility and pregnancy experience, maternal and infant health, contraceptive knowledge and use, sexual experience, knowledge of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, intimate partner violence, and various other topics related to reproductive health.

Survey Findings:
The survey shows that Albania has a total fertility rate of 2.6 children per woman, the highest in Europe. Results reveal that contraceptive prevalence is relatively high, at 75% among married women and 77% for married men; however, these rates are almost entirely due to the use of withdrawal (67% and 72% for married women and men, respectively) with only 8% of married women and 3% of married men reporting the use of modern methods. These are the highest rates of withdrawal and lowest rates of modern method use reported in similar surveys conducted in Eastern Europe and Eurasia. Other findings include the following: prenatal care use (81%), low rate of home births (6%), low use of postpartum care for mothers (20%) compared to well-baby visits (79%), nearly universal awareness of HIV/AIDS and low awareness of other sexually transmitted infections (4%–55% among women and 3%–21% among men). However, only 56% of women and 45% of men believed that HIV infection could be asymptomatic. The survey also documented differential rates of premarital sex among sexually experienced young adults (44% and 91% among 15– to 24– year-old women and men respectively).

Publications and Products:
Final Report, 338 pages, English.
View full report | Download Albania Reproductive Health Survey, 2002, Final report | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Azerbaijan
Reproductive Health Survey, 2001

Survey Characteristics:
The Azerbaijan Reproductive Health Survey, the first nationally representative reproductive health survey in the country, was conducted between April and July 2001. The survey consisted of face-to-face interviews with 7,668 women 15–44 years of age, including a sub-sample of 1,272 internally displaced women. The questionnaire collected detailed information on contraceptive knowledge and use, pregnancy and childbearing, maternal and infant health, domestic violence, and a wide variety of other reproductive health topics.

Survey Findings:
The survey shows that contraceptive prevalence among women in union in Azerbaijan is 55%, with withdrawal being the most commonly used method (accounting for 75% of contraceptive prevalence). Results reveal poor reproductive health indicators in general, compared with other countries of the former Soviet Union: high total induced abortion rate (3.2 abortions per woman) and abortion-to-live-birth-ratio (three abortions for each live birth), high infant mortality (81 deaths/1,000 live births over the past 10 years), low prenatal care use (70%), high rate of home-deliveries (26%), high stillbirth rate (21 stillbirths per 1,000 births) and low birth weight (12%). The survey also documented high rates of anemia among mothers and children aged 1–5 years (40% and 32%, respectively).

Publications and Products:
Final Report, 318 pages, in English. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Belize
Belize Family Health Survey Females 1999
Belize Family Health Survey Males 1999

Surveys of both men and women were conducted in December of 1999. This represented a milestone for Belize’s Central Statistical Office because it was the first time a male family health survey had been done in Belize, and at the time, Belize was only the second country from among the CARICOM countries to carry out such a survey. A total of 3,613 women ages 15 to 49 years and 1,773 men aged 15 to 64 years were interviewed during the course of the survey. Among Belizean women, the total fertility rate was 3.7, which was considerably lower than that of 4.5 in 1991. Other topics addressed in this report included contraceptive knowledge and use, use of Maternal and Child Health facilities, child morbidity and mortality, HIV/AIDS, condoms and domestic violence.

Publication and Products:
The female report is 315 pages and the male report is 279 pages. Both are in English. Order CD-ROM. | Request dataset.

Previous Years Reports:

1991—Belize Family Health Survey. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Cape Verde
Inquerito Demografico e de Saude Reprodutiva, 1998
[Demographic and Reproductive Health Survey, 1998]

Survey Characteristics:
This was the first reproductive health survey ever conducted in Cabo Verde and included 5 of 9 inhabited islands representing 92% of the population. Interviews were completed on 6,250 women 15–49 years of age (95% response rate) and 2,450 men 15–54 years of age (85% response rate).

Survey Findings:
The total fertility rate (TFR) for the 3-year period, 1995–1998, is estimated to be 4.03 compared to an estimate of 5.95 a decade earlier (1985–1988). The contraceptive prevalence rate is one of highest in Africa at 53% (46% modern methods). The pill (18%) and female sterilization (13%) are the most used methods. One-fifth of women in union are at risk of an unintended pregnancy. Sixty-one percent of young adult females (15–24) reported sexual experience with the majority (56%) having pre-union sex. For young adult males, 78% reported sexual experience, almost all pre-union. Only 17% of young adult women and 13% of men used contraception at first intercourse.

Publications and Products:
Portuguese: Order CD-ROM.

Central America
Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Central America: Health Equity Trends

Equity in utilization of health care services and differentials in health outcomes according to wealth quintiles are key areas of interest to governments and international donor organizations. Analyzing data from four Central American countries—El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua—this report provides information on changes over time in a set of key health indicators categorized by wealth quintiles. A key issue is whether gains being made in national level indicators have been achieved by narrowing the gap between better-off and less well-off segments of the population. Building on a previously published comparative report that summarizes information from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua (Monteith, Stupp, and McCracken, 2005), this analysis takes a closer look at survey results categorized by wealth quintiles. It relies on nationally representative data from a series of three household surveys that were conducted in each country between the late 1980s and 2001 or 2002. The analysis focuses on 1) key health status indicators, including fertility, child mortality, and nutritional status of children, and 2) key maternal and child health service utilization indicators, including family planning, antenatal care (ANC), delivery assistance, postpartum and newborn care, and vaccination coverage.

Publications and Products:
This report is 142 pages and is available in English. View report highlights | Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM.

Central America Comparative Study Reproductive, Maternal, and Child Health in Central America: Trends and Challenges Facing Women and Children.

This comparative report summarizes the major findings from a series of 15 surveys conducted in Central America in 1987–2003. The full report includes 11 chapters that cover topics such as fertility, family planning, young adult sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, maternal health, nutrition, and child education.

This study describes the similarities and differences between El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to highlight subgroups with specific needs to provide information for developing policy at the regional and country levels. Until now, a comparison of key health indicators had never been compiled for the Central America region. This comparative analysis, although limited to the aforementioned countries, serve as a reference for readers interested in major health findings in these countries, while more detailed information may be obtained in the individual country reports.

Publications and Products:
The report is 160 pages and is in English and Spanish. View full English report. | View Full Spanish report  PDF 26.9MB | Order report in English | Order in Spanish.

Estudio Comparativo para Centramérica

Salud Reproductiva, Materna e Infantil en Centroamérica: Tendencias y Retos que Enfrentan Mujeres y Niños.

Este informe comparativo presenta los hallazgos principales de una serie de 15 encuestas conducidas en Centroamérica en el período 1987–2003. El informe contiene 11 capítulos sobre temas como fecundidad, planificación familiar, comportamiento sexual de adultos jovenes, VIH/SIDA, salud materna, nutrición y situación escolar de niños.

Este estudio comparativo describe las similitudes y diferencias entre El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras y Nicaragua y, hasta cierto grado, destaca a los subgrupos con necesidades específicas para poder proveer información para la formulación de políticas a nivel regional y del país. Hasta ahora, una comparación de los indicadores clave de salud no había sido recopilada para la región de Centroamérica. Se intenta que este análisis comparativo, aunque limitado a los países mencionados anteriormente, sirva como documento de referencia para los lectores interesados en grandes hallazgos en materia de salud en estos países, mientras que se puede encontrar información más detallada en reportes individuales por país.

Publicaciones y Productos:

El informe tiene 160 páginas y está disponible en inglés y español.
Vea informe completo en inglés | Vea informe completo en español PDF 26.9MB  | Ordene copia del informe en inglés | Ordene copia del informe en español.

Costa Rica
Fecundidad y Formación de la Familia, 1993
[Fertility and Family Formation, 1993]

Survey Characteristics:
This is the most recent in a long series of fertility surveys to be conducted in Costa Rica and was the last one conducted with funding from USAID, which closed its Costa Rica office shortly after the survey report was issued. The survey sample consisted of 3,618 female respondents.

Survey Findings:
The survey documented that as of 1993, Costa Rica continued to have the lowest fertility in Central America (TFR=3.2) and the highest contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR=75%).

Publications and Products:
The final report is 224 pages and is in Spanish. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.
If you would like a hardcopy of this report, please write to:
Victor Gomez, Ph.D
Universidad de Costa Rica - INISA-PCP
San Jose 2060
Costa Rica
Fax: (506) 207-5130, 207-5692
E-mail: Vgomez@cariari.ucr.ac.cr

Czech Republic
Reproductive Health Survey, 1993

Survey Characteristics:
The Czech Republic Reproductive Health Survey, conducted between February and July 1993, explores issues related to reproduction and women’s health in the Czech Republic. A major objective of the 1993 survey was to learn more about why traditional contraceptive methods are widely used and why abortion is so frequently used in a country where modern family planning methods are thought to be readily available. The survey was composed of household interviews of 4,497 women between the ages of 15 and 44.

Survey Findings:
The survey found that 69% of women in union were currently using contraception. The leading contraceptive methods are withdrawal (22%), condoms (17%), and the IUD (15%). The total fertility rate was 1.8 children per woman. Sexual activity tended to begin early and almost always begins before marriage with 25% of women aged 15–17 years reported having some sexual experience. Use of prenatal care services was very high and 85% of respondents felt that abortions should be legal under all circumstances.

Publications and Products:
The final report is 232 pages and is in English. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Eastern Europe and Eurasia Comparative Study
Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia: A Comparative Report

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in collaboration with Macro International, Inc. (ORC MACRO)/MEASURE DHS, has published Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health in Eastern Europe and Eurasia: A Comparative Report. This report summarizes the major findings from 16 surveys in 12 countries conducted with technical assistance provided by either MEASURE CDC or MEASURE DHS in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia during the period 1993–2001. The full report includes 16 chapters that cover topics such as fertility, contraceptive knowledge and use, maternal care, health behaviors and attitudes, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, nutrition status and anemia among women and children, infant and child mortality, young adult sexual behavior, and domestic violence.

Publications and Products:
The report is 238 pages, and is in English.
View report highlights | Order Hardcopy
View full report*  http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/OD28/00FrontMatter.pdf (PDF 7.56 MB)

Ecuador
Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Materna e Infantil, ENDEMAIN—2004. [Demographic, Maternal and Infant Health Survey, ENDEMAIN—2004]

Survey Characteristics:
This is the fifth in a series of surveys dating back to 1987 that provides nationally representative information on demographic and maternal and child health topics. The sample, which includes 28,908 households, provides estimates for 15 provinces and two regions (Amazon and Galapagos Islands). Two separate questionnaires were applied for independent subsamples of the sample. An individual interview of a reproductive age woman was completed in 10,813 households and a household health expenditures questionnaire was completed for 10,985 households. In addition to the household expenditure questionnaire, new topics for the survey include: domestic violence, anthropometric measures for children under 5, school attendance for children 5 to 14, an expanded series of questions on delivery assistance, and questions on ethnicity and language spoken.

Survey Findings:
There has been little change in fertility or infant mortality since the last ENDEMAIN in 1999. The TFR for 1999–2004 was 3.3 births per women, compared to 3.4 in the last survey. The infant mortality rate was 29 per 1000 live births, compared to 30 in the last survey. Contraceptive prevalence increased from 65.8 to 72.7 percent of women in a union, with use of modern methods increasing from 51.4 to 58.7 percent. The percent of children 0 to 59 months classified as low height-for-age, an indicator of chronic malnutrition, was 23.2 percent. In the health services utilization component of the survey, 49.2 percent of persons were reported to have at least one health problem in the last 30 days. Eighty percent had no health insurance.

Publications and Products:
A final report in Spanish, 625 pages.
View Final Report* |  Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Previous years reports:

Order CD-ROM of all previous years reports 1989–2004

1999—Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Materna e Infantil, ENDEMAIN 1999. [Demographic, Maternal and Infant Health Survey, Endemain 1999], Final Report. Download report | Request dataset.

1994—Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Materna e Infantil, ENDEMAIN—1994. [Demographic, Maternal and Infant Health Survey, ENDEMAIN—1994]. 
Request dataset.

1989—Encuesta Demografía y de Salud Materna e Infantil, ENDEMAIN—1989
[Demographic, Maternal and Infant Health Survey, ENDEMAIN—1989]
Request dataset.

El Salvador
Encuesta Nacional de Salud Familiar (FESAL) 2002–2003 [National Family Health Survey (FESAL) 2002–2003]

Survey Characteristics:
This is the eighth in a series of Reproductive Health Surveys in El Salvador. The women’s report includes 10,689 interviews completed with women of reproductive health aged 15–49 years. The men’s survey, which was conducted for the first time in El Salvador, included 1,315 interviews with men between the ages of 15 and 59 years. The report revealed that the total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 3.6 children per women between 1993 and 1998 down to 3 between 1997 and 2002. Differences existed between male and female reporting of what proportions of their births were planned, unplanned but wanted, and unwanted. At the time of the interview, 78% of the women in union did not want to be pregnant and 67% were using some method of contraception. Similarly, the men indicated 68% use of contraception.

Survey Findings:
The report reveals that the total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 3.6 children per women during 1993–1998 to 3.0 during 1997–2002. Women reported that 58% of their births in the last five years were planned, 18% were unplanned but wanted, and 24% were unwanted; men reported somewhat different rates in this category, with 75% saying the recent births were planned, 12% unplanned but wanted, and 11% unwanted. At the time of the interview, 78% of women in union did not want to be pregnant, and 67% were using some form of contraception. Men reported very similar rates (68%) of contraceptive use. Female sterilization is the most widely used method in the country (33%), followed by injectable hormonal contraceptive (18%) and oral contraceptives (6%). Thirty-six percent of women in union had experienced verbal or psychological abuse in their marriage, and 20% had experienced physical abuse. Of children born between 1997 and 2002, 86% of the mothers had at least one prenatal check up, and 66% had their first prenatal visit during the first trimester. Breastfeeding is an almost universal practice; 94% of the babies born in the past five years had been breastfed for some period of time during their infancy, although only 24% of infants under 6 months are exclusively breastfed as WHO recommends.

Publications and Products:
The final report is 612 pages, in Spanish. View Full Report* |  View survey highlights | Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

en Español

El Salvador: Encuesta Nacional de Salud Familiar (FESAL) 2002/2003, Informe Final (en Español)

Esta es la octava en una serie de encuestas de Salud Reproductiva realizada en El Salvador. FESAL 02/03 fue realizada por la Asociación Demográfica Salvadoreña, con la asistencia técnica de los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades y la participación activa de un Comité Consultor Interinstitucional. La encuesta de mujeres incluyó 10,689 entrevistas completadas con mujeres en edad reproductiva (15–49). La encuesta de los hombres, la cual fue realizada por primera vez en El Salvador incluyó 1,315 entrevistas completadas con hombres entre las edades de 15–59 años. El informe revela que la tasa global de fecundidad disminuyo de 3.6 niños por cada mujer en el periodo 1993-1998 a 3.0 niños en el periodo 1997–2002. Las mujeres reportaron que el 58% de sus nacimientos en los últimos 5 años fue planeado, 18% no fue planeado pero deseado y un 24% no deseado; sin embargo los hombres respondieron de una forma diferente, relatando que el 75% de los recen nacidos fue planeado, 12% no planeado pero deseado, y 11% no deseado. Al momento de la entrevista, el 78% de las mujeres en unión no querían quedar embarazadas, y un 67% estaban usando algún método anticonceptivo. Los hombres indicaron tasas similares (68%) en el uso de anticonceptivos. La esterilización femenina es el método más común en el país (33%), seguida por el anticonceptivo inyectable hormonal (18%) y los anticonceptivos orales (6%). El 36% de las mujeres en unión había experimentado abuso verbal o psicológico en sus matrimonios y el 20% experimentó abuso físico. De los niños nacidos entre 1997 y 2000, el 86% de las madres tuvieron al menos un chequeo prenatal y un 66% tuvieron su primera visita prenatal durante su primer trimestre. La lactancia es casi una práctica universal; el 94% de los bebés nacidos en los últimos cinco años había sido amamantado por algún periodo de tiempo durante su infancia, aunque sólo el 24% de los infantes menores de 6 meses son amamantados exclusivamente como lo recomienda la Organización Mundial de la Salud.

El Informe Final tiene 612 páginas, en Español. Vea Informe Final Completo. Ordenar una cópia del Informe | Ordenar CD-ROM versión del Informe | Ordenar dataset.

Previous years reports:

1998— Encuesta Nacional de Salud Familiar, FESAL—1998 [National Family Health Survey, FESAL—1998]. The report is bilingual in Spanish and English and is 413 pages. View Full Report* | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

1993—Encuesta Nacional de Salud Familiar, FESAL—1993. [National Family Health Survey, FESAL—1993]. The report on this survey is bilingual in Spanish and English and is 330 pages. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Georgia (formerly the Republic of Georgia)
Georgia Reproductive Health Survey, 2005

Survey Characteristics:
The 2005 Reproductive Health Survey (RHS) is the second population based national survey of this type conducted in Georgia. A sample of 6,376 women aged 15–44 years, were interviewed. The recent survey employed a sampling design geared toward providing independent regional estimates. The overall response rate was 99%. The questionnaire covered topics related to reproductive health for all women regardless of marital status, and included additional questions on family-life education and sexual behavior for women aged 15–24 years.

Survey Findings:
Preliminary findings showed that Georgian women tend to become sexually experienced at marriage (only 3% of sexually experienced women aged 15–24 years reported premarital intercourse). Georgian women initiate and complete childbearing at early ages, with the highest fertility levels reported among 20– to 24–  year-olds. Fifty-two percent of women who have been pregnant in the past five years reported that their last pregnancy was mistimed or unwanted. The survey found that the induced abortion rate was 3.1 abortions per woman. Contraceptive prevalence among Georgian women in union was the lowest among any of the former Soviet republics with survey data. Only 47% of women in union reported using any method of contraception during the month preceding the interview and little more than half of them used a modern method (27% of women in union), principally the IUD (12%) and condoms (9%).

Publications and Products:
The final report is in English and is 440 pages. Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Previous years reports:

1999— Reproductive Health Survey, Georgia 1999. Final Report. The report is 401 pages. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Guatemala
Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Mujeres; Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Hombres [National Maternal and Child Health Survey: Women, 2002; National Maternal and Child Health Survey: Men, 2002]

Survey Characteristics:
The 2002 survey in Guatemala resulted in two Spanish language reports: the women’s report (400 pages) and men’s report (325 pages). The women’s report documents trends in fertility, family planning use, young adult reproductive health and practices, infant health and mortality, nutrition, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV, domestic violence and children’s school attendance. The men’s report compares data between women and men on topics such as family planning use, young adults, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV, and domestic violence, as well as describing men’s sexual behavior, knowledge and use of condoms, and health risks. Total fertility rates have decreased from 5.0 children per woman in 1998–1999 to 4.4 children in 2002. Contraceptive prevalence has increased from 38% of married women to 43% in that same time period. Female sterilization is the most widely used method; used by 17% of married women.

Survey Findings:
The total fertility rate has decreased from 5.0 children per woman in 1998/99 to 4.4 children in 2002, and contraceptive prevalence has risen from 38% of married women in 1998/99 to 43% in 2002. Female sterilization is the most widely used method, used by 17% of married women.

Publications and Products:
The results are presented in two reports, both in Spanish: the Women’s report (400 pages) and the Men’s report (325 pages). Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

en Español

Guatemala: Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Mujeres and Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Hombres

La Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno-Infantil 2002 presenta los resultados de una encuesta nacional realizada en Guatemala en el 2002. La misma está dividida en dos informes en español: Informe de Mujeres (400 páginas) y el Informe de los Hombres (325 páginas). El Informe de las Mujeres presenta datos sobre fecundidad, uso de planificación familiar, salud reproductiva en adultos jóvenes y sus prácticas, salud y mortalidad infantil, nutrición, enfermedades de transmisión sexual/VIH, violencia doméstica y asistencia de niños a la escuela. El Informe de los Hombres compara datos entre hombres y mujeres en áreas tales como el uso de planificación familiar, adultos jóvenes , enfermedades de transmisión sexual/VIH, y violencia doméstica y datos deo hombres sobre comportamiento sexual masculino, conocimiento y uso de condones y riesgos de salud. La tasa global de fecundidad ha disminuido de 5.0 niños por mujer en 1998–1999 a un 4.4 niños por mujer en el 2002 y la prevalencia de anticonceptivos ha aumentado de un 38% en las mujeres casadas en 1998-99 a un 43% en el 2002. La esterilización femenina es el método más común; es usado por el 17% de las mujeres casadas/unidas. Ordenar una copia de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Mujeres. Ordenar una copia de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2002: Hombres. Order un CD-ROM de las encuestas.

Haiti
Haiti National Contraceptive Prevalence Survey 1989

In 1989 a Contraceptive Prevalence Survey was conducted among both men and women of reproductive age to examine fertility, contraceptive behavior, condom use, use of maternal and child health services and childhood immunization levels. This survey was one of a continuing series of surveys in Haiti on fertility and contraceptive use. Similar surveys had previously been conducted in Haiti in 1977 and 1983, and a Morbidity, Mortality, and Utilization of Health Services Survey which included some relevant data was conducted in 1987. The 1989 was the first in this series to include male respondents. Contraceptive prevalence was very low at 11% and indicated a slight increase from the 1983 and 1987 surveys, but is still lower than the 1977 prevalence of 14%.

Publication and Products:
The final report is 132 pages in English. Order CD-ROM.

Honduras
Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar ENESF—2001; Encuesta Nacional de Salud Masculina ENSM—2001 [National Epidemiology and Family Health Survey, ENESF—2001; National Survey of Male Health, ENSM—2001]

Survey Characteristics:
Two national health surveys were conducted in Honduras in 2001– the National Survey of Epidemiology and Family Health, or ENSEF-2001 (respondents were women aged 15–49) and the National Male Health Survey or ENSM-2001 (respondents were men aged 15–59). Both surveys documented trends in fertility, maternal health, family planning usage, infant and child mortality, child health, young adults, HIV/AIDS, male health, and children’s school attendance.

Survey Findings:
The surveys documented a decline in fertility from 4.9 children per woman in 1996 to 4.4 children in 2001, and an increase in contraceptive prevalence (from 50% of married women in 1996 to 62% in 2001), especially in injectables (which increased from 0% in 1996 to 10% in 2001). The leading contraceptive method is female sterilization, which is used by 18% of married women.

Publications and Products:
Final report, 428 pages, in Spanish. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

en Español

Honduras: Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar ENSEF—2001 and Encuesta Nacional de Salud Masculina ENSM—2001, Informe Final and Informe Resumido

Estos dos informes (Informe Final, 428 páginas y Resumen del Informe, 58 páginas, ambos en español) presentan los resultados de dos encuestas nacionales realizadas en Honduras en el 2001: la Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar (ENSEF-2001), en la que las participantes fueron mujeres entre las edades de 15–49 años, y la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Masculina (ENSM–-2001), en la que los participantes fueron hombres entre las edades de 15-59 años). Tanto el informe final como el resumen, proveen uso de planificación familiar, mortalidad infantil/en la niñez, salud en niños, adultos jóvenes, VIH/SIDA, salud masculina y asistencia de niños a la escuela. El informe documenta una disminución en la fecundidad de 4.9 niños por mujer en 1996 a 4.4 niños por mujer en el 2001 y un aumento en la prevalencia de anticonceptivos (de un 50% de las mujeres casadas/unidas en 1996 a un 62% en el 2001), especialmente en los inyectables (el que aumentó de un 0% en 1996 a un 10% en el 2001). Le sigue la esterilización femenina, la cual es usada por el 18% de las mujeres casadas. Ordenar una copia de la Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar ENSEF-2001 y de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Masculina ENSM–-2001, Informe Final ó Informe Resumido.

El Informe Final tiene 428 páginas y el resumen del informe tiene 58 páginas, ambos en Español. Ordenar CD-ROM versión del |  Ordenar dataset

Previous years report:

1996—Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar, 1996; Encuesta Nacional de Salud Masculina, 1996 [National Epidemiology and Family Health Survey, ENESF—1996; National Survey of Male Health, ENSM—1996].
Order CD-ROM

1991/92—Planificación de Familia: Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología y Salud Familiar, 1991/92 [Family Planning: National Epidemiology and Family Health Survey, 1991/92] Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

1987— Epidemiology and Family Health Survey, 1987. Order CD-ROM.

Jamaica
Reproductive Health Survey, 2002/2003

Survey Characteristics:
The 2002/2003 Jamaica Reproductive Health Survey (RHS) provides data on the current situation in Jamaica regarding reproductive health and contraceptive practices, and evaluate changes since 1997 and 1993. The 2002/2003 JRHS was implemented by the Jamaica National Family Planning Board in collaboration with the Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN).  The survey used a stratified multistage sampling design based on the 2001 Census Enumeration Districts as the sampling frame.  Of 17,878 households selected in the survey of women, there were 7,805 eligible female respondents (aged 15–49 years) identified, of whom 7,168 (91.8%) were successfully interviewed. Of 15,950 households selected in the survey of young adult men, there were 2,795 eligible male respondents (aged 15–24) identified, of whom 2,437 (87.2%) were successfully interviewed.

Survey Findings:
The Jamaica Reproductive Health survey documented the TFR at 2.5 in 2002, a 10% decline since 1993. The survey documented an increase in contraceptive use by women in union from 62% in 1993 to 66% in 1997 and 69% in 2002.

Publications and Products:
Final Report, 251 pages, English. View survey highlights | Request dataset.

If you would like to order a copy of this report, contact:

National Family Planning Board
5 Sylvan Ave
Kingston 5
Telephone: (876) 968–1632–3
Fax: (876) 968–1626
E-mail: jnfpb@jnfpb.org
Internet: http://www.jnfpb.org*

Previous years reports:

1997–Jamaica RHS 1997 Final Report, 280 pages, English. See select findings http://www.jnfpb.org/reproductivehealthsurvey.htm* 
Order CD-ROM| Request dataset.

1997–Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Use Among Young Adults (supplement) 64 pages, English. See select findings http://www.jnfpb.org/adolescentdata.pdf *
  PDF 168KB. These reports is currently out of print.

1993–Jamaica Contraceptive Prevalence Survey
Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Mozambique
Young Adult Reproductive Health and Behavioral Risk Survey 2001

Survey Characteristics:
Final report for the national Young Adult Reproductive Health and Behavioral Risk Survey conducted in 2001 in Mozambique, includes interviews with 5,338 females and 5,150 males 15–24 years of age. In addition to reproductive health, content includes sexual behavior and knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention.

Publications and Products:
The report is 223 pages; August 2003. Order CD-ROM.

Moldova
Reproductive Health Survey, 1997

Survey Characteristics:
This survey represents one of seven national reproductive health household surveys conducted or planned in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union between 1993 and 1999 with technical assistance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In 1997 the Moldovan Ministry of Health, with the technical assistance provided by the MEASURE CDC, conducted the first national population-based survey of reproductive health. The survey was designed to provide the Ministry of Health, international agencies, and nongovernmental organizations active in the area of women's and children's health with essential information on fertility, reproductive practices of women, maternal care, maternal and child mortality, health behaviors, and attitudes toward selected reproductive health issues. There were 5,412 respondents.

Survey Findings:
The total fertility rate in Moldova is estimated at 1.8 births per woman; the rate is 1.3 for women living in the four principal urban areas, 1.6 for women in other urban areas, and 2.3 for rural women. The age-specific fertility rate for women aged 15–19 years is 57 per 1,000, but is as high as 82/1,000 for women with an incomplete secondary education. Forty-two percent of pregnancies in five years prior to the survey were reported to be unintended (9% mistimed and 33% unwanted). There were 5,412 respondents.

Publications and Products:
The report is 338 pages and is in English. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Nicaragua
Encuesta Nicaragüense de Demografía y Salud, 2006/07—ENDESA 2006/07
(Nicaragua Demographic and Health Survey, 2006/07)

Survey Characteristics:
This is the fourth in a series of surveys dating back to 1992 that provides nationally representative information on demographic and maternal and child health topics. In 1992/93 by DRH/CDC provided technical assistance and in 1998 and 2001 TA was provided by Macro International, Inc.

17, 209 household were interviewed, obtaining basic demographic characteristics for 83,016 household members, and provide estimates for 15 departments and 2 autonomous regions on the Atlanta coast. An individual interview of a reproductive age woman was completed in 14,221 households. An expanded series of questions were included on delivery assistance and home births, school attendance for children 5 to 18, cognitive-functional development of children under 5, and domestic violence.

Survey Findings:
There has been little change in infant mortality since the last ENDESA in 2001. For the period 1993–1998 estimates of mortality indicate that 42 infants per 1,000 live births died in their first year of life (ENDESA 1998). By 1997–2001 the rate declined to 30 (ENDESA 2001) and is estimated at 29 for 2001–2006 using the current survey.

Vaccination coverage has improved in recent years following a slowdown at the end of the 1990s. Coverage of BCG is at 98.3 for children between the ages of 18 to 29 months. Eighty-eight percent of these children have had MMR and 85 percent have had BCG, MMR and have completed the series of polio and pentavalent vaccines.

While chronic malnutrition (low height-for-age) of children under 5 has improved the current estimate for growth stunting using the new WHO referent is 21.7 percent and is down from 32.4 (ENDESA 1998) eight year earlier.

With 72 percent of women in union using contraceptive methods fertility continues to fall. In the five-years preceding the 1992 survey the total fertility rate was 4.6. By the mid 1990s TFR decline to3.9 and 3.3 by the end of the decade. ENDESA 2006/07 indicates a fertility level of 2.7 with greatest gains in rural areas. Sixty-eight percent of contraceptive methods are provided by the public sector and unsatisfied need for family planning methods is estimated at 10.7 percent of all women in union.

Publications and Products:
A final report in Spanish will be available on CD-ROM in Fall 2008. View preliminary report  http://www.inec.gob.ni/endesa/InformePrel07.pdf *

Previous Years Reports:

1992/93—Encuesta Sobre Salud Familiar [National Family Health Survey] Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.
 

Paraguay
Encuesta Nacional de Demografia y Salud Sexual y Reproductiva, 2004: Informe Final. (National Demographic and Reproductive Health Survey, 2004: Final Report)

Survey Characteristics:
This is the sixth in a series of surveys since the first contraceptive prevalence survey in 1977 in Paraguay. Topics include fertility, contraceptive use, maternal and child health, young adults, current sexual activity, AIDS knowledge, and verbal and physical use of women. Interviews were completed for 7,321 women 15–44 years of age (97% response rate). Field work was carried out between March and July 2004.

Principal Survey Findings:
The TFR has declined to 2.9 for the 3–-year period, 2001–2004, a 26% decrease since the TFR of 3.9 reported for 1995–1998. Since the last survey in 1998, contraceptive prevalence has increased by 27% to 73% (modern methods = 61%, up from 48% in 1998). The greatest increase has been in the use of condoms, female sterilization, and injectables. Among young adults, contraceptive use, principally condoms, has increased from 33% to 58% at time of first premarital sexual experience.

Publications:
The Executive Summary of the Final Report is available in English.
The Final Report, in Spanish, is 417 pages and a 73 page Summary Report was published in December 2004. View Final and Summary Reports* | Order Hardcopy | Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

 Previous years reports:

1998—Encuesta National de Salud Materno Infantil, 1998
[National Maternal and Child Health Survey, 1998] Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

1995–1996—Encuesta National de Demografía y Salud Reproductiva, 1995–1996. [National Demographic and Reproductive Health Survey, 1995–1996].
Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

1987—Encuesta de Planificación Familiar, 1987 [Family Planning Survey Paraguay 1987] Order CD-ROM.

Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico Reproductive Health Survey (RHS) 1995–1996

Survey Characteristics:
The 1995–1996 reproductive health survey in Puerto Rico was the first survey since 1982 to cover topics such as fertility and family planning. The School of Public Health carried out the survey with technical assistance from MEASURE CDC. A total of 5,944 women 15–44 years of age (84% response rate) were interviewed with over-sampling in several health regions so estimates would be available for all six health regions. A three-stage probability sample design was utilized using the 1990 census as the sampling frame.

Survey Findings:
Contraceptive prevalence is high with 78% of women in union reporting that they or their partner use a contraceptive method (67% modern methods). The most prevalent method used is surgical contraception with 45% of women reporting tubal ligation and 4% reporting their partner had a vasectomy. Almost all women (99%) with births in the past five years had prenatal care with 82% beginning prenatal care in the first trimester. One-third (34%) of deliveries were by ceserean section. Most women in union (95%) have had a pap smear and 70% have done self-breast exams. Only 12% of women smoke. One out of 11 women (9%) report that they have been forced to have sexual relations without their consent at least once during their lifetime. About half (49%) of young adults 15–24 years of age report that they are sexually experienced with 70% of them reporting premarital sexual intercourse. Only 27% used contraception at first premarital intercourse.

Publications and Products:
Order CD-ROM.

Romania
Romania Reproductive Health Survey, 1999

Survey Characteristics:
The 1999 Romania Reproductive Health Survey (RRHS—99) is the second national reproductive health survey. The first survey in 1993 included only females and the RRHS—99 included independent samples of females and males of reproductive age. The RRHS—99 female samples over sampled three judets (counties) where USAID-supported reproductive health projects are implemented. The 1999 survey consists of complete interviews for 6,888 women (90% response rate) and 2,434 men (87% response rate).

Publications and Products:
Order CD-ROM  | Request dataset.

Previous years reports:

1996—Young Adult Reproductive Health Survey, 1996, 252 pages, English. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

1993—Reproductive Health Survey, 1993, 202 pages, English.
Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

Russia
Women’s Reproductive Health Survey, 1996

Survey Findings:
The survey revealed that contraceptive prevalence was considerably higher than expected. Between 69% and 77% of couples were using some form of contraception. About three of every four contraceptive users were employing a modern method, with the IUD being by far the most popular. Despite high contraceptive prevalence, levels of induced abortion remain among the highest in the world, with a total abortion rate of between 2 and 3 lifetime abortions per woman. The survey showed, however, that women almost universally hold strongly negative opinions about induced abortion and would prefer to avoid it to prevent unintended births. Rates of childbearing are extremely low, about 1.3 births per woman and very few women reported wanting to have more than two children. About 70 percent of married women wanted to have no more children. From the survey findings, it is clear that substantial reductions in the reliance on abortion and improvements in maternal mortality and morbidity will depend not so much on further increases in contraceptive use as on improvements in method selection and reductions in contraceptive failure. There were 5,997 respondents.

Publications and Products:
The report is 232 pages and is in English. Report is out of print.

Ukraine
Reproductive Health Survey, 1999

Survey Characteristics:
This report describes the results of a large national survey of reproductive health among women aged 15–44 years in Ukraine, conducted in 1999. The survey consisted of interviews with 7,128 women on a wide variety of topics including contraception, pregnancy, abortion, use of reproductive health services, women's health issues, sexually transmitted disease, and others.

Survey Findings:
Some results of the survey show that contraceptive use is widespread, rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion are high, childbearing rates are very low, and the rate of hospitalization during pregnancy is very high.

Publications and Products:
The final report is available in English. Order CD-ROM | Request dataset.

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Selected Resources

Publications on International Surveys, Reports, and Studies

Page last reviewed: 8/20/08
Page last modified: 8/20/08
Content source: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion