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projects > a gis-based decision-support tool to evaluate land management policies in south florida > project summary
Project Summary Sheet
U.S. Geological Survey, Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (GE PES) Initiative and ENP's CESI
Fiscal Year 2006 Study Summary Report
Study Title: Ecosystem Portfolio Model: A GIS-Based Decision-Support Tool for Incorporating Natural Systems into Regional Landscape Design in South Florida
Study Start Date: October 1, 2005 Study
End Date: September 30, 2009
Web Sites:
Location (Subregions,
Counties, Park or Refuge): Biscayne Bay/Everglades land bridge, see Appendix 1.
Funding Source: USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (GE PES) and ENP Critical Ecosystems Studies Initiative (CESI)
Other Complementary
Funding Source(s): USGS Science Impact Program (SI)
Funding History:
Principal
Investigator(s): Richard Bernknopf, Paul Hearn
Study Personnel: Paul Amos, David Brookshire, Nina Burkardt, Tom Daniels, Ilse Frank, Kevin Gillen, Caroline Hermans, Dianna Hogan, Lynne Koontz, William Labiosa (Project Chief), Berton Lamb, Tony Smith, David Strong, Susan Wachter, Anne Wein
Supporting
Organizations: University of Florida Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of New Mexico Economics Department, and University of Pennsylvania Department of City and Regional Planning, Electrical and Systems Engineering Department, and Wharton School of Business
Associated / Linked
Studies:
Overview &
Objective:
The primary objective of the
project is to develop an ecosystem portfolio model (EPM) for DOI resource
managers to use to reconcile the
need to maintain the ecological health of South Florida parks and refuges with
increasing pressures for urban development. The EPM, a Geographic Information System based decision
support tool, will integrate natural science and economic information to
support land use planning, land
acquisition strategies, and regulatory decisions. The EPM will contribute to improved public understanding and
awareness of the importance of protecting South Florida ecosystem functions and
their socioeconomic implications.
An important part of the project involves
the development and estimation of indices of ecological favorability and
socioeconomic impact that may respond to land use decisions, and are key to
decision-making. For an index of
ecological favorability, the EPM uses an attribute ranking approach to convert maps
of physical attributes into domains of ecological and environmental
favorability. These statistics
provide input to measures of efficiency, productivity, benefits, and risk. Indices and favorabilities (as affected
by decisions) will be utilized to produce a representation of community wealth
subject to meeting targets. These
indicators will be ecological and economic with targets defined using stakeholder requirements.
Status: Continuing.
Recent & Planned
Products
Interim product: Task 2: Inventory of data and data sources being incorporated into
GIS (attached as Appendix A).
Interim product: Task
3: Ecological function and value
bibliography (attached as Appendix B).
Interim product: Tasks
1 and 3: Report describing the
definition of, use of and criteria for ecological function and value assessment (attached as Appendix C).
Interim product: Tasks 1 and 3: Internal document summarizing
literature and relevant projects in the study area with reflections and discussion (available upon
request).
Interim product: Task 1: Summary of findings from user needs
assessment and stakeholder assessment meetings held during a during a two-week trip in
March, 2006 to Miami, Homestead, and Fort Lauderdale, Florida (available upon request) and
during the Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference held in Buena Vista,
Florida, in June of 2006 (attached as Appendix D.)
Planned product: A
GIS-based decision support tool based on the Land Use Portfolio Model (LUPM) (Bernknopf
et al., 2005) will be developed. The Ecosystem Portfolio Modeler (EPM) has two
components: (1) maintain ecological viability of parks and refuges, and (2)
minimize the adverse economic impacts on land values and economic externalities
that affect community wealth by (a) minimizing adverse environmental impacts
and (b) appropriating land, development rights, or other form of
intervention. Specific
applications of the EPM will be undertaken within the Greater Everglades Restoration area. GIS databases
will be created to organize EPM inputs and outputs and to display model results in an understandable and
useful way.
Relevance to Greater
Everglades Restoration Information Needs [See Plan on SOFIA's Web site: http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/reports/doi-science-plan/]:
The project is designed to address the following questions and
needs in the DOI Science Plan (2005):
- What
are the socioeconomic consequences of development and preservation/restoration
decisions associated with critical components of the South Florida ecosystem?
- Are
there ways to increase sustainable compatibility of the built environment with
natural system needs of national parks and refuges - especially, relevant
to water-related challenges?
- Conduct studies to
estimate the economic value of key environmental and ecological resources
affected by development and preservation/restoration decisions;
- Aggregate and
quantify the large uncertainties associated with these decisions;
- Develop
a GIS-based decision framework in a decision support system (DSS) that will
provide land managers and local officials with a clearer idea of the economic
consequences of various courses of action.
Key Finding:
The user needs and
stakeholder assessments resulted in several key findings that modified the
proposed design of the decision support tool. There is skepticism among users about using predictive
hydrological-based ecological models as input into an assessment of ecological
function and value. While these
models are judged to be useful for exploring controlling hydrologic and
ecological processes and trying to understand system-scale phenomena, they are
not trusted to forecast expected results from restoration and conservation
efforts. Identifying conservation
and restoration targets and performance measures requires working closely with
Park Service staff and stakeholders. These findings have important implications for the
approach taken to assess ecological function and value and for the choice of
case studies to demonstrate the approach. The implications of these findings for the project are discussed in
detail in Appendix C and Appendix D.
Appendix A. Inventory of data and data sources
being incorporated into GIS
Introduction
The
work performed under Task 2 in fiscal year 2006 has primarily consisted of
finding and organizing GIS data that might be useful as input to the Ecosystem
Portfolio Model or as background data in our analysis. Data acquired includes boundaries,
ecological data, elevation, land use/land cover, hydrology, parcels, and
transportation data. Sources
include the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), Florida Geographic Data Library (FGDL), Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI), Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FFWCC), Miami-Dade County, and the US Geological Survey. The data was downloaded from public
websites, purchased from local governmental organizations, or obtained via
personal contact. After
acquisition, the data was reprojected into a consistent state plane projection,
and the data and metadata was examined to gauge the accuracy and currency of
each dataset, as well as the applicability to this project. This process is ongoing, especially
with regard to the most critical data types including elevation, hydrology, and
parcels. Some of the data have
been used to generate maps used by project members to visualize the urban
development boundary, development of regional interest locations, and wellfield
protection areas.
Appendix A
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
Benthic Habitat Mapping;
DEP.SCI_BIOREGIONS |
This polygon coverage is used with the
Florida Department of Environmental Protection's Bioassessment Program. The
bioassessment program uses it to define the biological region of a sampling
station when performing a Biorecon to identify applicable standards |
Bill Beers |
Biological |
Conceptual Integrated Habitat Network |
To display the conceptual corridors that
the Bureau of Mine Reclamation plans to preserve in the Integrated Habitat
Network. The Bureau developed the Integrated Habitat Network (I.H.N.) concept
to serve as a guide for permitting and reclamation in the Central Florida
phosphate mining district. Its
goals are the protection of undisturbed lands and the creation of reclaimed
lands into a coordinated landscape that maintains and protects regional water
resources, balances a variety of land uses, and replaces or protects critical
habitats. The Bureau is
incorporating these ideas into its management plans for the many State-owned
properties within the IHN that are leased to the Bureau for management
primarily as greenways, wildlife habitat, and riparian buffers. |
NA |
Biological |
Dade Vegetation; dade_veg03 |
An updated digital vegetation and land
cover data set for Florida derived from 2003 Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper
satellite imagery |
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission |
Biological |
Ecological Greenways; greenway_v2 |
The Ecological Greenways included as
part of the Florida Forever Conservation Needs Assessment is identical to the
Ecological Greenways Network of the Statewide Greenways System Planning
Project except that the grid cell size is 30m x 30m instead of the original
180m x 180m. For all descriptive information please refer to the Ecological
Greenways metadata found in the Florida Geographic Data Library
(http://www.fgdl.org/metadata/fgdl_html/gweco.htm) |
Tom Hoctor, Geoplan Center, University
of Florida |
Biological |
FDEP ECOLOGICAL REGIONS |
Ecoregions denote areas of general
similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of
environmental resources. The Florida ecoregion map depicts revisions of
ecoregions, compiled originally at a relatively small scale (US EPA 1995,
Omernik 1987), as well as subregions of those ecoregions. |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection |
Biological |
COMPREHENSIVE EVERGLADES RESTORATION
PLAN STUDY AREA |
This dataset contains a boundary
shapefile of (CERP) Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Study Areas |
South Florida Water Management District |
Biological |
Ecosystem Management Areas;
DEP.ECOSYSTEM_MGMT_AREAS |
Department of Environmental Protection
Ecosystem management areas |
DEP/BIS/GIS |
Biological |
EOQUAD |
Species element occurences by quadrangle |
FNAI and TNC |
Biological |
Florida Forever Board of Trustees
Projects; ffbot |
FLORIDA FOREVER BOT PROJECTS (layer name
FFBOT): This is a polygon data layer for Florida Forever Board of Trustees (BOT) projects (formerly known as CARL projects). This data layer is site-based and contains boundaries of all Florida Forever BOT projects
approved by the State's Acquisition and Restoration Council as of 12 August
2005. These lands have been proposed for acquisition because of outstanding
natural resources, opportunity for natural resource-based recreation, or
historical and archaeological resources. However, these areas may not be
currently managed for their resource value. Portions of these projects may
have already been acquired by the State and/or its acquisition partners |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory -
Invasive Plants; Flinv.shp |
Produced from Florida Invasive Plants
GeoDatabase to provide a developing statewide view of current invasive exotic
plant occurrences in public conservation lands and to establish an inventory
and monitoring tool for policy making in natural resource management |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Florida Managed Areas; flma |
FLORIDA MANAGED AREAS (layer name FLMA):
This is a polygon data layer for public (and some private) lands that the
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) has identified as having natural resource
value and that are being managed at least partially for conservation
purposes. The term "Managed Area" refers to a managed conservation
land. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory - Rare
Species Habitat Conservation Priorities; fnaihab_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure B2: The number
of acres acquired of highest priority conservation areas for Florida's rarest
species. The FNAI Rare Species Habitat Conservation Priorities data layer
prioritizes places on the landscape that would protect both the greatest
number of rare species and those species with the greatest conservation need. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Forest Land to Maintain Recharge;
forrech_v2 |
Measure G3: The number of acres of
forestland acquired that will serve to maintain natural groundwater recharge
functions. In consultation with forestry experts from the Division of
Agriculture and Consumer Services/Division of Forestry and the Florida
Forestry Association, we defined this measure as the acres of existing
forestland that are also areas of high recharge. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Fragile Coastal Resources; coast_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure C8: The number
of acres acquired that protect fragile coastal resources. The Fragile Coastal
Resources data layer includes natural communities most vulnerable to
disturbance or development. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Functional wetlands; wetlands_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure C8: The number
of acres of functional wetland systems protected. Degree of disturbance was
assumed to be an indicator of functionality. Only those wetlands that were
considered as natural landcover types by the WMD landcover data were
included. Natural wetlands within FNAI Potential Natural Areas (PNA) were
given higher priority than those outside PNAs. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Landscape size protection areas; lglandsc_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure B5: The number
of landscape-sized protection areas that exhibit a mosaic of predominantly
intact or restorable natural communities (>50,000 acres) established
through new acquisition projects, or augmentations to previous projects. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Mitigation Bank Service Areas; MITIGATION_BANK_SERVICE_AREAS |
A Mitigation Service Area (MSA) is
established, by permit, for each Mitigation Bank according to guidelines set
forth in Chapter 373.4136(6), Florida Statutes and Rule 62-342.600, F.A.C. It
is the area within which specific types of permitted wetland impacts could be
expected to be offset within the mitigation bank |
Florida DEP |
Biological |
Mitigation Banks; DEP.MITIGATION_BANKS |
DEP Mitigation Banks. The data set
associated with this data layer were gathered by ERP staff from GIS datasets
collected from individual mitigation banks, from the water management
district that permitted the mitigation bank or by creating the data from
permit drawings and descriptions. Therefore, while these boundaries represent
a reasonable approximation of the MSAs, they are not intended for pinpoint
accuracy |
Florida DEP |
Biological |
SCI Bioregions |
The SCI Bioregions layer is used by the
Florida Department of Environmental Protection's Bioassessment Program to
define the biological reqion a sampling station is in to define applicable
standards |
Biological |
Strategic Habitat Conservation Areas;
shca_v2 |
The Prioritized Strategic Habitat Conservation Areas (SHCA) identify important habitat conservation needs for
each of 40 rare and imperiled vertebrates and 4 natural communities included
in the Commission report, "Closing the Gaps in Florida's Wildlife
Habitat Conservation System" (Cox et al. 1994) and for 15 additional
rare vertebrate species found to be inadequately protected on existing
conservation lands (Cox and Kautz 2000). |
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission |
Biological |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
Sustainable Forestry; forestry_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure G1: The number
of acres acquired that are available for sustainable forest management; and
Measure G2: The number of acres of state-owned forestland managed for
economic return in accordance with current Best Management Practices (BMPs).
Thus, for measure G1, we developed a statewide data layer of existing and
potential pinelands. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Underrepresented Natural
Communities; natcom_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure B4: The number
of acres acquired of under-represented native ecosystems. Depending on the
classification system followed, Florida features as many as 81 different
natural community types (FNAI 1990). |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Biological |
Vegetation
Miami-Dade; dade_veg03 |
In 1990, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) completed a project to map Florida vegetation
and land cover using 1985-89 Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery. The
resulting digital database contained 17 natural and semi-natural land cover
types, 4 land cover types indicative of human disturbance, and 1 water class. |
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission |
Biological |
Aquifer Recharge; recharge_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure D3: The number
of acres acquired of ground water recharge areas critical to springs, sinks,
aquifers, other natural systems, or water supply. Areas of highest recharge
to aquifers of primary use were identified and compiled by FNAI |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Hydrology |
Drainage Basins;
DEP.DRAINAGE_BASINS_1997_LINES |
This dataset contains only the basins as
far south as the Caloosahtachee and St. Lucie River basins. Due to the lack of natural flow
farther south, coupled with the active pumping of water via canal
and channelized streams, this basin coverage currently reflects only those
streams with partial natural flow.
|
DEP/WRM/BWM |
Hydrology |
Groundwater contamination;
DEP.GROUND_WATER_CONTAMINATION |
Buffered areas above max. contam. levels
of ground water (GWC Buffers 1994) |
DEP/DWF |
Hydrology |
Lakes; DEP.LAKES_AREAS |
Primary lakes in north and central
Florida developed from GNIS, USGS 1:24k Hydrography data, 1994 DOQQs, and
USGS DRGs and reviewed by DEP and WMD personnel |
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection |
Hydrology |
Natural Floodplain; floodpl_v2 |
Florida Forever Measure C4: The number
of acres acquired that protect natural floodplain functions. FNAI worked
closely with DEP/Division of Water Resources Management/Bureau of Submerged Lands and Environmental Resources (SLER) to develop a method for representing
natural floodplain. We also elected to use only floodplains of major rivers
and lakes, rather than all streams or lakes, in order to capture the most
important systems. |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Hydrology |
Outstanding Waters;
DEP.OUTSTANDING_FLORIDA_WATERS |
The legislature of the State of Florida
established a category of surface water features called "Outstanding Florida
Waters" that are to be protected from any degradation from their current
water quality classification. |
DEP |
Hydrology |
Surface Waters; surfwatr_v2 |
Surface waters. This data set was
developed as part of the Florida Forever Conservation Needs Assessment. These
data are intended to address specific performance measures of the Florida
Forever program |
Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) |
Hydrology |
Water Supply Restoration Wells;
DEP.WSRP_PRIVATE_WELLS |
FDEP Water Supply Restoration Program
private drinking water well contamination database |
Andrew Priest |
Hydrology |
Navigable Waterways |
This dataset contains navigable
waterways in and around Florida. The National Waterway Network is a
geographic database of navigable waterways in and around the United States, for
analytical studies of waterway performance, for compiling commodity flow
statistics, and for mapping purposes. Links in the waterway network represent
actual shipping lanes or serve as representative paths in open water where no
defined shipping lanes exist. Nodes may represent physical entities such as
river confluence's, ports/facilities, and intermodal terminals, US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE nodes), or may be inserted for analytical purposes |
Bureau of Transportation Stats |
Hydrology |
NATIONAL HYDROGRAPHY DATASET-REACHES -
Statewide |
This dataset contains the spatial extent
of reaches for the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) in the State of
Florida. The lines are features that comprise the surface water drainage
network and coastline-stream/river, canal/ditch, artificial path,connector,
and pipeline. The lines representing network features, through which water
flows in a known direction, are oriented in the direction of flow. The lines
representing coastlines are usually oriented so that the sea or ocean is to
the right. |
United States Geological Survey |
Hydrology |
WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARIES |
This dataset contains the Florida Water
Management District boundaries |
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection |
Hydrology |
Outstanding Florida Waters |
Boundaries for Outstanding Florida Waters (OFWs) as described in Section 62-302.700, F.A.C. This layer includes
all three types of OFWs: OFW Aquatic Preserves, Special OFWs, and Other OFWs. |
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection |
Hydrology |
SURFACE WATER CLASSIFICATION BOUNDARIES |
This dataset contains Class I and II
surface water classification boundaries for the State of Florida. |
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection |
Hydrology |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contour Grid-Poly |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contour Grid-Poly. April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours were used
to create a grid and then turned into a polygon coverage |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contour Grid-Poly |
April 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contour Grid-Poly. April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours were used
to create a grid and then turned into a polygon coverage |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties. |
April 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties. To develop and
show Potentiometric surface contours and the difference of these contours
between years 1940's, 1970's, and 1990's in South Florida for the purpose of
the report 'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and
Land-Use Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida'. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1940-1944 Ground-Water Wells |
Ground-water wells with water levels in
April 1940-1944. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
Difference of April 1970-1974 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Difference of April 1970-1974 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties. To develop and show
Potentiometric surface contours and the difference of these contours between
years 1940's, 1970's, and 1990's in South Florida for the purpose of the
report 'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida'. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1970-1974 Ground-Water Wells |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1920 |
Canals constructed before 1920 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1930 |
Canals constructed before 1930 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1940 |
Canals constructed before 1940 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1950 |
Canals constructed before 1950 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of canals
constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from before 1920
thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1960 |
Canals constructed before 1960 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1970 |
Canals constructed before 1970 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1980 |
Canals constructed before 1980 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
canals_1990 |
Canals constructed before 1990 in
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. To show the progression of
canals constructed in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties from
before 1920 thru 1990. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Study area Primary
canals; circ1275_canals |
Primary canals in study area. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Study area Control Structures;
circ1275_struct |
Study area control structures used in published
figures. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1904 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt04 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1904 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1904 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt04_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1904 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1918 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt18 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1918 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1918 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon, Miami-Dade
County; dadesalt18_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1918 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1943 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt43 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1943 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1943 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt43_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1943 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
1946 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt46 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1946 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1946 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt46_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1946 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1953 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt53 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1953 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1953 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt62_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1953 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1962 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt62 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1962 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1962 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt53_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1962 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1969 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt69 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1969 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1969 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt59_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1969 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1970 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt70 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1970 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use Practices
on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1977 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt77_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1977 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1977 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt77 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1977 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1977 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt70_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1977 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1984 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt84 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1984 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G., Ferguson,
G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the saltwater
encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report 'Synthesis on the
Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use Practices on the Coastal
Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1984 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt84_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1984 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1996 Saltwater Encroachment Line,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt96 |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1996 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955. To show the progression of the
saltwater encroachment in South Florida for the purpose of the report
'Synthesis on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use
Practices on the Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
1996 Saltwater Encroachment Polygon,
Miami-Dade County; dadesalt96_poly |
Miami-Dade County's saltwater intrusion
boundary line in 1996 digitized from 'Water Resources of Southeastern Florida': U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1255; Parker, G.G.,
Ferguson, G.E., Love, S.K., and others, 1955 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contour
Grid-Poly; apr70grd_pol |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours were used to create a grid and then turned into a polygon coverage |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; apr4044_cont |
To develop and show Potentiometric
surface contours and the difference of these contours between years 1940's,
1970's, and 1990's in South Florida for the purpose of the report 'Synthesis
on the Impact of 20th Century Water-Management and Land-Use Practices on the
Coastal Hydrology of Southeast Florida' |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of April 1970-1974 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; apr7040_pol |
Difference of April 1970-1974 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; apr7074_cont |
April 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
April 1970-1974 Ground-Water Wells;
apr7074_pts |
Ground-water wells with water levels in
April 1970-1974. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; apr9040_pol |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; apr9070_pol |
Difference of April 1990-1994 and April
1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
April 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; apr9094_cont |
April 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Municipal Pumping Rates; mun_pumps |
1995 - Municipal Pumpage Rates for
Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
October 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; oct4044_cont |
October 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
October 1940-1944 Ground-Water Wells;
oct4044-pts |
Ground-water wells with water levels in
October 1940-1944. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of October 1970-1974 and
October 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; oct7040_pol |
Difference of October 1970-1974 and
October 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
October 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; oct7074_cont |
October 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
October 1970-1974 Ground-Water Wells;
oct7074_pts |
Ground-water wells with water levels in
October 1970-1974 |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
oct9040_pol |
Difference of October 1990-1994 and
October 1940-1944 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Difference of October 1990-1994 and
October 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly; oct9070_pol |
Difference of October 1990-1994 and
October 1970-1974 Potentiometric Surface Contours Grid-Poly |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
October 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contours, Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties; oct9094_cont |
October 1990-1994 Potentiometric Surface
Contours for Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade Counties |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
Surface and Ground-Water Water Level
Sites; swgwpts90 |
Surface-water and Ground-water wells
with water levels in April and October 1990-1994. |
Joann Dixon; USGS |
Hydrology |
DRAINAGE BASINS; basins_dade_sp |
This dataset contains drainage basins as
determined by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) |
FDEP |
Hydrology |
DRASTIC VULNERABILITY AREAS OF THE
SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM; drastic_vuln_sp |
This shapefile contains countywide
DRASTIC data for the Surficial Aquifer System. DRASTIC is a system developed
jointly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the National Water Well Association (NWWA) to map potential aquifer vulnerability to
pollution introduced on the ground's surface. |
FDEP |
Hydrology |
US EPA WATER QUALITY INFORMATION;
epawq_dade_sp |
This dataset contains locations of
monitoring stations and statistical summaries of water quality monitoring for
47 physical and chemical-related parameters. |
US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Water |
Hydrology |
PESTICIDE DRASTIC VULNERABILITY AREAS OF
THE SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM; pesticide_drastic_vuln_sp |
This dataset contains countywide DRASTIC
data for the Surficial Aquifer System recalibrated for pesticide use. DRASTIC
is a system developed jointly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the National Water Well Association (NWWA) to map potential
aquifer vulnerability to pollution (in this case, resulting from pesticide
use) introduced on the ground's surface |
FDEP |
Hydrology |
USGS REALTIME STREAM GAGING STATIONS |
This dataset contains U.S. Geological
Survey sampling station locations. The stations are equipped with telemetry
to transmit data on streamflow, temperature, and other parameters back to a
data base for real-time viewing via the World Wide Web |
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) |
Hydrology |
FDEP WATERSHED PLANNING AND COORDINATION
WATER QUALITY DATA; wtrwpc_dade_sp |
This dataset contains 1998 countywide
surface water quality conditions and trends as described in the Florida
Department of Environmental Protection's 305(b) report |
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) |
Hydrology |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
Functional Wetland; wlp_dade_sp |
Florida Forever Measure C8: The number
of acres of functional wetland systems protected. Degree of disturbance was
assumed to be an indicator of functionality. Only those wetlands that were
considered as natural landcover types by the WMD landcover data were
included. Natural wetlands within FNAI Potential Natural Areas (PNA) were
given higher priority than those outside PNAs. For a complete description
please refer to: Knight, A. and J. Oetting. 2005. Conservation Needs
Assessment Technical Report, Version 2.0. Florida Natural Areas Inventory,
Tallahassee, FL (available online at www.fnai.org) |
FNAI |
Hydrology |
miami_dade_canals |
Miami-Dade Canals |
Miami-Dade County |
Hydrology |
miami_dade_hydro |
Miami-Dade Hydrography |
Miami-Dade County |
Hydrology |
miami_dade_streams |
Miami-Dade Streams |
Miami-Dade County |
Hydrology |
miami-dade wellfield protection areas;
miami_dade_wpa |
Miami-Dade Wellfield Protection Areas |
Miami-Dade County |
Hydrology |
sfla_elev |
|
Greg Desmond |
Geology |
Miami-Dade
contours; md_contours |
contours for county |
unknown (no metadata) |
geology |
National Elevation Dataset |
The U.S. Geological Survey has developed
a National Elevation Dataset (NED). The NED is a seamless mosaic of
best-available elevation data. The 7.5-minute elevation data for the
conterminous United States are the primary initial source data. In addition
to the availability of complete 7.5-minute data, efficient processing methods
were developed to filter production artifacts in the existing data, convert
to the NAD83 datum, edge-match, and fill slivers of missing data at
quadrangle seams. One of the effects of the NED processing steps is a
much-improved base of elevation data for calculating slope and hydrologic
derivatives. The specifications for the NED 1 arc second and 1/3 arc second
data are: Geographic coordinate system Horizontal datum of NAD83, except for
AK which is NAD27 Vertical datum of NAVD88, except for AK which is NAVD29 Z units of meters |
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), EROS Data
Center |
Geology |
Soils Geology |
Multiple titles from published Florida
Geological Survey maps, |
|
Geology |
GEOLOGY_ENVIRONMENTAL |
Environmental geology of Florida. |
Florida Geological Survey |
Geology |
Miami-Dade Parcels; parcels |
Miami-Dade County Parcels |
unknown |
Land Use |
State Land Records |
The Florida TIITF Land Records Spatial
Index is a document based GIS layer to be displayed as a map comprised of
polygons and attributes representing parcels described in deeds, leases,
easements and other instruments archived in the Title Archives of the
Division of State Lands, Department of Environmental Protection for the Florida
Board of Trustees of the Internal Improvement Trust Fund (TIITF). The
polygons represent parcels described in the archived TIITF land record
documents; this is not a tax map or a representation of current ownership.
The data includes acquisitions, dispositions and encumbrances. Selecting a
parcel on the map may return information about several different documents
associated with that parcel through out the history of State land
transactions involving that parcel |
Florida Department of Environmental
Protection Division of State Lands |
Land Use |
Existing Trails;
DEP.EXISTING_TRAILS_2005 |
Existing Trails 2005 is a line shapefile
that includes existing trails located in the State of Florida added up to
December 2004 |
Varies by Source |
Land Use |
Park Boundaries; DEP.PARKS_AND_REC_AREAS |
Florida State park boundaries |
DEP/Parks Planning |
Land Use |
Recreational Trails; trails_v2 |
Recreational Trails is derived from the
Trail Opportunities Network that was developed as part of the Florida
Greenways and Trails System to identify a set fo potential trail corridors
that provide a connected set of linear recreational opporutnities statewide
(Florida Department of Environmental Protection and Florida Greenways
Coordinating Council 2004). The recreational trails data layer combines the
Hiking and Multi-use sub-network priorities. (Paddling trails were excluded
because they identify sovereign submerged lands). |
Office of Greenways and Trails |
Land Use |
Trails Priorities;
BASE.MULTI_USE_TRAIL_PRIORITIES |
This dataset contains multi-use trail
opportunities prioritization results from the Office of Greenways and Trails
Prioritization Project. The original multi-use trail opportunities were
identified in the Office of Greenways and Trails Implementation Plan adopted
by the Florida Legislature in 1999. The trail prioritization results
contained in this dataset were approved by the Florida Greenways and Trails
Council in May 2004. |
University of Florida GeoPlan Center |
Land Use |
FLORIDA COUNTY BOUNDARIES - Statewide |
This dataset contains Florida county
boundaries. It is an update of the FGDL Version 2003 County Boundaries
dataset |
US Census Bureau |
Land Use |
City Limits - Derived from Parcel Data |
This dataset contains city limits for
the State of Florida. The data was delineated from tax code boundaries as
defined in county parcel data collected from the State Department of Revenue (DOR) by the GeoPlan Center. |
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GEOPLAN CENTER |
Land Use |
USGS 1:250,000 LAND USE LAND COVER -
1970's |
This dataset contains the USGS LULC from
the 1970's |
United States Geological Survey |
Land Use |
COMPREHENSIVE EVERGLADES RESTORATION
PLAN - REGIONS |
This dataset contains a boundary
shapefile of the (CERP) Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan nine
Regions. CERP is a framework and guide to restore, protect, and preserve the
water resources of central and southern Florida, including the Everglades. It
covers 16 counties over an 18,000-square-mile area, which is organized into 9
regions. CERP centers on an update of the Central & Southern Florida (C&SF)
Project. |
South Florida Water Management District |
Land Use |
Data
Name |
Description |
Source |
Category |
REGIONAL PLANNING COUNCIL BOUNDARIES |
The purpose of this data set is to
provide the boundaries of the eleven regional planning councils of the state
of Florida for the purposes of research and planning |
Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) |
Land Use |
MAJOR ROADS |
This dataset contains major roads from
the July 2004 version of the Florida Department of Transportation Roads Characteristics inventory (RCI) dataset. The dataset has been updated from
the previous versions of FGDL |
Florida Department of Transportation |
Land Use |
sfla_boundaries/circ1275 |
Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach County,
part of Monroe County Boundaries from Circular 1275 data |
unknown |
Land Use |
Miami-Dade Streets; dade_streets_no_dupl |
Miami-Dade Streets. Note that in this
shapefile, street location duplications (due to streets with multiple names)
have been removed using a Dissolve. This shapefile should be used when street
locations are important, but not individual characteristics (e.g. names) of
the streets. |
unknown |
Land Use |
SOUTH FLORIDA FUTURE LAND USE |
This dataset contains the future land
use as developed by the Regional Planning Councils of the State of Florida |
Southwest Florida Regional Planning
Council |
Land Use |
Anticipated future land uses;
lscndflu_dade_sp |
This coverage represents the anticipated
future land use for the area of Florida defined by the SFWMM Domain |
Jimmy Kramp |
Land Use |
Miami-Dade Streets;
dade_streets_with_dupl |
Miami-Dade Streets. Note that in this
shapefile, many street locations are duplicated due to alternate street
names. These duplications are eliminated in dade_streets_no_dupl. |
unknown |
Population |
cenblockgroups_2000 |
2000 Census Block Groups |
US Census Bureau |
Population |
cenblocks_2000 |
2000 Census Blocks |
US Census Bureau |
Population |
cenplaces_2000 |
2000 Census Places |
US Census Bureau |
Population |
centracts_2000 |
2000 Census Tracts |
US Census Bureau |
Population |
|
|
US Census Bureau |
Population |
Appendix B. Ecological Function And Value Bibliography
ATLSS. 2006.
Across Trophic Level System Simulation. http://www.atlss.org/
Browder J.A., R.
Alleman, S. Markley, P. Ortner, and P. A. Pitts. 2005. Biscayne
Bay conceptual ecological model. Wetlands 25(4):854-869.
Brown, M. T. and
M. B. Vivas. 2005. Landscape development intensity
index. Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment 101:289-309.
Banzhaf, S and J.
Boyd. 2005 The Architecture and Measurement of an Ecosystem Services Index.
Resources for the Future. RFF DP 05-22. http://www.rff.org/rff/Documents/RFF-DP-05-22.pdf
Canzanelli, L.,
M. Mayr, A. Lyew-Ayee, A. Condon. 2004. Adjacent lands
protection strategy for Biscayne National Park, implementation plan. National Park Service, The Trust for
Public Land, Tropical Audubon Society, South Florida Water Management District,
Miami-Dade Department of Environmental Resource Management, State of Florida
Department of Environmental protection, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 8 pages.
Carr, M. H., and
P. Zwick. 2005. Using GIS Suitability Analysis to Identify Potential Future
Land Use Conflicts in North Central Florida. Journal of Conservation Planning.
1(1)89-105. http://www.journalconsplanning.org/2005/volume1/issue1/carr/manuscript.pdf
Comprehensive
Everglades Restoration Plan. Ecosystem performance measures. http://www.evergladesplan.org/pm/recover/eval_team_perf_measures.cfm
Costanza et al.
1997. The value of the world's
ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253-260.
Cox, J., R Kautz,
M. MacLauglin, and T. Gilbert. 1994. Closing the Gaps in Florida's Wildlife Habitat Conservation System, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish commission, Talhassee, FL. http://myfwc.com/oes/habitat_sec/Closing_Gaps.pdf
EDEN. 2006.
Everglades Depth Estimation Network. Referred to at http://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/workplans06/hydro_mon.html
EMDS. 2006.
Knowledge Based Decision Support for Ecological Assessment. http://www.institute.redlands.edu/emds/about.htm
ELM, http://www.sfwmd.gov/org/wrp/elm/
Everglades
National Park Strategic Plan (2001-2005)
FNAI. 2006. Florida Natural Areas Inventory.
www.fnai.org
Harman-Fetcho,
J.A., C. J. Hapeman, L. L. McConnell, T. L. Potter, C. P. Rice, A. M. Sadeghi,
R. D. Smith, K. Bialek, K. A. Sefton, B. A. Schaffer, and R. Curry. 2005. Pesticide occurrence in selected south Florida canals and
Biscayne Bay during high agricultural activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53:6040-6048.
Harrison, J., D.
Ebert, T. Wade, and D. Yankee. 2000. Using ATtILA (Analytical Tools Interface for Landscape Assessments) to estimate landscape
indicators and target restoration needs. Conference Proceedings
http://www.nwqmc.org/2000proceeding/papers/pap_harrison.pdf
Johnston, C. A.
1991. Sediment and nutrient retention by freshwater wetlands: effects on
surface water quality. Critical
Reviews in Environmental Control 21:491-565.
Marten, G.
G. 2001. Human ecology - Basic concepts for sustainable
development. London, England. Earthscan Publications, Ltd. 238 pages.
McCormick, P. V.
and J. A. Laing. 2003. Effects of increased phosphorus loading
on dissolved oxygen in a subtropical wetland, the Florida Everglades. Wetlands Ecology and Management
11(3):199-216.
National Academy
of Sciences, The. 2003. Adaptive Monitoring and Assessment for
the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. Committee on Restoration of the Greater Everglades
Ecosystem, Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Environmental Studies
and Toxicology, Division on Earth and Life Studies. National Research Council of the National Academies. National Academies Press. Washington, DC. 123 pages.
National Academy
of Sciences, The. 2005. Evaluating Ecological Tradeoffs. Chapter 5 In Re-Engineering Water Storage in the Everglades:
Risks and Opportunities. Committee
on Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, Water Science and
Technology Board, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Division on
Earth and Life Sciences. National
Research Council of the National Academies. The National Academies Press. Washington DC. 7 pages.
Ogden, J. C. 2005. evergaldes Ridge and Slough Conceptual Ecological
Model. Wetlands 25(4):810-820.
Ogden, J. C., S. M. Davis, K. J. Jacobs, T.
Barnes, H. E. Fling. 2005. The Use of Conceptual Ecological Models
to Guide Ecosystem Restoration in South Florida. Wetlands 25(4):795-809.
Pearlstine, L.
and F. Mazzotti. 2003. A spatially-explicit decision support
system for Everglades risk assessment and restoration. Fort Lauderdale Research and Education
Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Annual report prepared for Don DeAngelis, US Geological Survey, Miami, FL.
Reynolds, J. E.,
and A. Regalado. 2002. The effects of wetlands and other
factors on rural land values. The Appraisal Journal April 2002. pgs. 182-190.
South Florida
ecosystem restoration task force, science coordination group
http://www.sfrestore.org/scg/scg_meetings/2005_meetings/110205/plan_coordinate_science_phase2_110205.pdf
http://www.sfrestore.org/issueteams/latt/meetings/2005_meetings/031605/latt_summary_031605.pdf
Walbridge, M. R.
1993. Functions and values of
forested wetlands in the southern United States. Journal of Forestry 91:15-19.
South Miami Dade
Watershed Study and Plan (2006), http://www.southmiamidadewatershed.com/
Zedler, J.
B. 2003. Wetlands at your service: reducing impacts of agriculture at
the watershed scale. Frontiers in
Ecology and the Environment 2(1):65-72.
Appendix C. The definition of, use of and criteria
for Ecological Function and Value Assessment (work in process)
South Florida resource
managers use the expression "ecological function and value" when the ecological
component of EPT (previously ecological favorability) is under discussion.
Ecological function refers to functions that are provided by the land such as
habitat for species, natural communities, flood protection, park buffer,
connectivity, water quality, and recreation. Ecological value involves a subjective judgment about how
well the function is provided (in terms of quality, quantity and location, for
example) and how much the function is needed (as characterized by predefined
goals and targets).
South
Florida resource managers have endorsed the development of a method to assess ecological
function and value for the purposes of
- Communicating
the ecological function and value of the land in terms of both park
stewardship and ecological function and value outside of the Park
boundaries.
- Identifying and promoting conservation and restoration
of lands that have the attributes to improve and sustain ecological
function and value in the study area such as a connecting corridor between
the two parks, maintenance of buffer (agricultural and wet) lands around
the parks, and location of lands for CERP.
- Quantifying cumulative effects of land use
decisions on ecological function and value in the parks and land bridge.
- Validating resource managers' beliefs about the
ecological function and value of the land in the study area.
Resource managers have indicated that the assessment
should be able to
- Compare
the ecological function and value of different land use scenarios in the
study area.
- Appear
transparent and as simple as possible to be
understandable, accessible, and trustworthy, and to promote use by
south Florida land use decision makers.
- Address
a range of scales (parcel and/or land bridge land use influences on
ecologic favorability of the parcel, Park and the study area landscape)
and numerous spatial dependencies.
- Forecast effects; however, this perspective is
not currently unanimous.
- Be
repeatable and defendable.
- Be
tested across 3 pilot studies.
- Be
kept up to date.
Information sources for Ecological Function
Many sources of information about ecological function are
provided by various agencies actively pursuing their ecological goals. We have identified four types of input:
(i) data layers of ecological function, (ii) explanatory models of ecological
function(s) incorporating factors that affect ecological function, (iii) data
layers of the factors of importance, and (iv) models of the factors of
importance. These sources of information and expert opinion are relevant to any
method selected to assess ecological function and value.
Data Layers of Functions
The Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) of data layers
is available and is accessed by other agencies for their analyses (for example,
FWC and South Florida). FNAI's "resource types" reflect their orientation towards prioritizing lands for
acquisition with respect to the ecological functions of providing for global,
federal and state species, global, federal and state natural communities,
connectivity of landscapes, significant watersheds, quality wetlands, productive
forestry, potential trails network, and areas of recharge and cultural
resources.
The Miami-Dade Watershed Study and Plan (2006) contains a
compilation of other data layers.
Data from various other agencies have been compiled and
are listed in the projects data inventory.
Explanatory Models of Ecological Functions
Explanatory models are used to understand the response of
ecological function to change. Ogden et al. (2005), Ogden (2005) and Browder
(2005) have produced conceptual ecological models for the study area. The
models identify the key anthropogenic stressors and drivers affecting
ecosystems.
The landscape development intensity index by Brown and
Vivas (2005) considers the intensity of different human land uses and their
direct, secondary, and cumulative impacts on adjacent ecological communities - specifically
for south Florida ecosystems.
Various habitat Suitability models (USGS FLGAP, ATLSS and TES) models for south Florida are "potential habitat" models such
that the landscape conditions have the potential to provide habitat for the
species. The FWC Closing the Gaps and FNAI models are similar, but restrict
habitat to areas at or near observed populations. Therefore, the former models
are generally liberal estimates of habitat and FWC/FNAI are conservative (since
species observations are often bias toward areas of easy access) (pers. comm.
Leonard Pearlstine).
Data layers of Factors
EDEN
Models of Factors
Hydrological models (SFWMD)
Methods and Measures of Ecological Value
We found examples of indirect and direct assessment of
ecological value of a land unit, project or study area. The Miami-Dade
Watershed Study and Plan (2006) indirectly assessed the ecological value of a
land-use plan for the study area by aligning performance measures with Park
goals.
FNAI uses a direct weighted index approach to score the
ecological functions (resource types) for each potential acquisition project
such that acres of higher function or priority receive a heavier weight and a
score is reduced if minimum acreage is not met. The ecological valuation of a
group of projects across five resource types (species, communities, wetlands,
watersheds and forestry) is affected by penalties if resource targets,
determined by consensus, are not met.
Everglades Landscape Model (ELM), an integrated ecological
assessment tool, also uses a weighted index approach and places weights on six
criteria that represent five ecological functions (land cover, rare species,
FNAI natural areas, connectivity with acquired conservation lands and
connectivity with lands on the acquisition list) and size of tract. Each
criteria is scored according to how well it provides it function or how much
land is involved.
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) whose purpose is conservation, species protection and landscape scale biodiversity, has a tool that represents ecological (biological) value as Strategic Habitat Conservation areas (SHCA) to meet minimum conservation and species viability
goals (Cox et al, 1994). The value of the lands for species protection is
driven by the habitat needs to sustain 44 species. Highly valued lands (Hot
Spots) are based on the number of focal species that would likely provide
appropriate habitat conditions in the area.
Frameworks Being considered for Assessing Ecological
Function and Value
1. AtTila
2. Ecosystem Management Decision Support System (EMDS)
3. Bayesian Belief Networks
Appendix D. Summary of findings from user needs
assessment and stakeholder assessment meetings
A user needs assessment was conducted
through a series of meetings held during a during a two-week trip in March, 2006 to Miami, Homestead,
and Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Meetings were held with Everglades National Park and
Biscayne Bay National Park management and staff, Miami-Dade County Department
of Planning and Zoning staff, South Florida Regional Planning Council staff,
environmental group representatives, consultants representing various parties,
including developers, staff from the South Florida Water Management District,
members of the South Miami-Dade Watershed Study team, and academics. The findings from the user needs
assessment were refined during a subsequent meeting with representatives from
Everglades National Park (ENP), Biscayne National Park (BNP), and the
Miami-Dade County Department of Environmental Resources Management (DERM)
during the Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration Conference held in Buena
Vista, Florida in June of 2006, as well as during several phone conferences
with representatives from ENP and DERM. The findings from this user needs assessment resulted in a modification
to the study proposal, which was submitted to ENP and BNP. The updated proposal redefined the
proposed case studies to for application of a GIS-based ecosystem management
decision support system. The re-defined
case studies address three questions:
- What is the
ecological function/value and conservation/restoration potential of land on the
land bridge between ENP and BNP? What are the best available data and the
needed data for performing this assessment? How does this information support hypotheses about wetland
and habitat restoration potential of acquired lands, the buffering potential of
adjacent undeveloped lands, and other hypotheses of interest in the land bridge
area?
- What are
feasible (and effective) CERP footprints in the presence of rapid growth and
development in Bird Drive Basin? What is the ecological function/value of land in this area?
- What effect
might the Watershed Study's preferred scenario have on ecological function and
values in both the land bridge and the Bird Drive Basin areas? How does more
recent data affect the Study's predicted outcomes? What are the values at risk?
Up to date natural science, land use, and
land price data have been (Tasks 2 and 3) and will continue to be collected and
implemented in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment for each case
study. These data layers will
reflect what is currently known about the state of the relevant ecological,
environmental, and hydrologic values for the lands in the case study
areas. We will develop simple
models of restoration potential, habitat conservation potential, and other
ecological hypotheses for areas within the case studies. These simple models will integrate the
available data and expert opinion using appropriate indicators, scoring
systems, or other approaches for considering the possible results of various
relevant scenarios under this task. The data, models, and tools will be specific to each case study.
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