The Community Guide's systematic reviews of the effectiveness of selected population-based interventions aimed at improving coverage of 1) universally recommended vaccines in children, adolescents, and adults and 2) targeted vaccines (for high-risk populations) focused on three strategic areas:

1. Increasing community demand for vaccinations
2. Enhancing access to vaccination services
3. Provider- or system-based interventions

	Book Chapter
	Summary of Findings
	Economic Efficiency Findings

Legend: Task Force Findings		Recommended		Insufficient Evidence		Recommend Against

Universally Recommended Vaccines
Increasing Community Demand
	Client reminder/recall
	Multicomponent interventions that include education
	Vaccinations required for child care, school, & college
	Community-wide education when used alone
	Clinic-based education when used alone
	Client or family incentives
	Client-held medical records

Enhancing Access to Vaccination Services
	Reducing out-of-pocket costs
	Multicomponent interventions for expanding access in healthcare settings
	Expanding access in healthcare settings when used alone
	Vaccination programs in women, infants, & children (WIC) settings
	Home visits
	Vaccination programs in schools
	Vaccination programs in child care centers

Provider- or System-Based Interventions
	Provider reminder/recall
	Assessment plus feedback for providers
	Standing orders for adults
	Standing orders for children
	Provider education only
Research Questions Suggested for Further Study

Targeted Vaccines
Increasing Community Demand
	Client reminder systems when used alone
	Vaccinations requirements when used alone
	Community-wide education when used alone
	Clinic-based education when used alone
	Client or family incentives when used alone

Enhancing Access to Vaccination Services
	Reducing client out-of-pocket costs when used alone
	Expanding access in healthcare settings when used alone

Provider- or System-Based Interventions
	Provider reminder systems when used alone
	Assessment plus feedback for providers when used alone
	Standing orders when used alone
	Provider education when used alone

Multiple Interventions Implemented in Combination
	Combination of:
	One or more interventions to enhance access to targeted vaccination services
	Plus:
	At least one provider- or system-based intervention
	And/or:
	At least one intervention to increase community demand for vaccination services
Research questions suggested for further study

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Universally Recommended Vaccines
Full Reports (recommendations & supporting evidence)
	Recommendations. MMWR.1999: 48 (No. RR-8);1-16.
	Recommendations. AJPM. 2000:18 (1S); 92-96.
	Evidence Review. AJPM. 2000:18(1S);97-126.

Related Publications
	Calling the Shots: Immunization Finance Policies and Practices. A Report from the Institute of Medicine. National Academy Press. 2000.
	Improving Immunization Coverage Rates: An Evidence-based Review of the Literature; Shefer A, Briss P, and Rodewald L. Epidemiological Reviews. Vol. 21. No. 1, 1999.
	Use of Standing Orders Programs to Increase Adult Vaccination Rates: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice. MMWR. 2000: 49 (No. RR-1); 15-26.

Targeted Vaccines
Full Reports (recommendations & supporting evidence)
	Recommendations. MMWR. 2005: 54 (No. RR-5):1-11.
	Recommendations. AJPM. 2005: 28 (5S):231-237.
	Evidence Review. AJPM. 2005: 28 (5S):248-279.
	Methods. AJPM. 2005: 28 (5S):238-247.

	Logic Model (graphic)
	Review Team Members
	Candidate Studies
Slide Sets
	Vaccine Preventable Disease

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