![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20090514031714im_/http://www.nsf.gov/images/x.gif) News From the Field West Nile's North American Spread Described
![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20090514031714im_/http://www.nsf.gov/images/greenlineshort.jpg)
October 31, 2008
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Most affected bird species have not yet recovered from the rapid spread of West Nile virus in North America after 1999, and the long-term ecological implications of the pathogen seem likely to be substantial. Annual outbreaks continue, and more research is needed to identify predictive factors that could lead to stepped-up countermeasures in vulnerable areas.
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Source American Institute of Biological Sciences
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