Product Color | Lead ppm | Cadmium ppm | Lead ug | Cadmium ug | Lead (ug/g) | Cadmium (ug/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barbie Backpack, Pyramid Handbags, Inc. | ||||||
Pink Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | >--- | --- | --- | --- |
Purple Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Blue Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Purple Plastic Heart | nd{2} | 290 | --- | --- | --- | nd{2,5} |
Modular Phone Cord, Gemini Industries, Inc. | ||||||
Ivory Color | 910 | nd{2} | 21{4} | --- | 97.8{5} | --- |
Purse, Pacific Kids | ||||||
Black Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | 21{4} | --- | 97.8{5} | --- |
Phone Cord, not named | ||||||
Ivory Color | 110 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
White Color | 30 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Gray Color | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Kentucky Fried Chicken, Henry Gordy, Int'l. | ||||||
Brown Plastic Drumstick | 20 | 510 | --- | 0.4{7} | --- | 0.72{8}, 18.6{5} |
Yellow Plastic | nd{2} | 40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Yellow Paint | 20 | 40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Barbie Slumber Tent, Ero Industries, Inc. | ||||||
Purple Plastic | nd{2} | 90 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pink Plastic | nd{2} | 100 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Ivory Plastic Pole | 5.92 | nd{2} | 23.2{6} | --- | na{3} | --- |
White Plastic Connector | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Totebag, Tweety | ||||||
Yellow Plastic | 20 | 160 | --- | nd{2,5} | --- | --- |
Orange glitter | ND | ND | --- | --- | --- | nd{5} |
Blue glitter | ND | ND | --- | --- | --- | nd{5} |
Hackey Sack, Good Stuff Corp. | ||||||
Pink Plastic | 50 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Green Plastic | 3270 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | 0.676{8}, 28.85 | --- |
Orange Plastic | 6300 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | 968{8} | --- |
Blue Plastic | 70 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Umbrella A, Shaw Creations, Inc. | ||||||
Grey Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
White Plastic | 20 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Orange Plastic | 20 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Red Plastic | 20 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Transparent Blk Plastic | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
White Paint (Handle) | 50 | 20 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Orng+White Paint (Handle) | 80 | 10 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Umbrella B, Shaw Creations, Inc. | ||||||
Light Brown Plastic | 810{2} | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Red Plastic | 720 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Orange Plastic | 750 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Dark Brown Plastic | 690 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Transparent Brn Plastic | 20 | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- |
Brown Paint (Handle) | 50 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Dark Brown Paint | 40 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Ivory Paint | 50 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Black Plastic Handle | 40 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Minnie Mouse key bag, Disney Store | ||||||
Pink Strip | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pink Latch | nd{2} | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pink Bag | nd{2} | 40 | --- | 0.9{10} | --- | --- |
Raincoat, Warner Bros. | ||||||
yellow plastic | nd{2} | 30 | --- | 5.93 | --- | --- |
red composite | nd{2} | 50 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
yellow composite | nd{2} | 40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
blue composite | nd{2} | 40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Space Jam placemat, Zak Designs | ||||||
white plastic | 90 | nd{2} | --- | 5.93 | --- | --- |
ornge composite | 120 | nd{2} | --- | 5.93 | --- | --- |
green composite | 100 | nd{2} | --- | 5.93 | --- | --- |
Halloween placemat, Barth-Dreyfuss | ||||||
white plastic | 150 | 10 | --- | 5.93 | --- | --- |
ylow composite | 190 | 10 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
blue composite | 180 | 10 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
orange composite | 150 | 10 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Blue vinyl placemat, not named | ||||||
Ivory vinyl placemat, not named | 100 | nd{2} | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Products from Greenpeace Table 1 | Likely handling or Mouthing By Young Children | Obtained by CPSC | Total Pb, Cd Screening | Wiped or extracted Pb, Cd Detected | Pb, Cd Health hazard | |
Minnie backpack | yes | not found | ||||
101 Dalm backpack | yes | not found | ||||
Barbie backpack | yes | yes | purple heart above CD | below extr | ||
Barbell | no | |||||
Breast Milk Cooler | no | |||||
Sega Controller Cable | no | |||||
Gemini Vid Coax Cable | no | |||||
Gemini Phone Cord | yes | yes | above Pb | above wipe, above extr | 43 strokes/day, 9.8 ug/day, not hazardous | |
Philco in ear headph | no | |||||
Philco headph | no | |||||
Gemini printer cable | no | |||||
Minnie key ring | yes | yes | below | |||
pencil case | yes | not found | ||||
Space Jam Placement | yes | yes | abve | |||
Barth&Dreyf placemat | yes | yes | above PB | Below Wipe | ||
Pacific kids purse | yes | yes | below | |||
Tweety rain hat | yes | not found | ||||
Columbia raincoat | yes | Columbia raincoat | below | |||
shower curtain | no | |||||
Barbie tent pole | yes | yes | above-Pb | above wipe | 39 strokes/day not hazardous | |
Tweety totebag | yes | yes | above Cd | below wipe | ||
Hackey Sack | yes | yes | above Pb | below wipe above extr | 1.92 ug/day green 1.38 ug/day orange not hazardous | |
KFC | yes | yes | above Cd | above wipe above extr | 1416 strokes/day 3.8 ug/day not hazardous | |
cosmetics pouch | yes | not found | ||||
doll stroller | yes | not found | ||||
Looney Tunes umbrella | yes | 2 Shaw umbrellas | 1 umbrella above-Pb | below wipe |
Pb
Critical health effect- retarded mental development
Marker- blood Pb level. 10 ug/dL is the level of concern.
Chronic ingestion limit- 15 ug/day for 6 years of age and under.
CdLaboratory analysis
Critical health effect- kidney damage
Markers- proteins in the urine (B2-microglobulin, Cd
metallothionein, retinol binding protein)
Chronic ingestion limit- 9.2, 13.5, and 20.2 ug/day for 1, 3, and
6 yr-olds.
Product and age-dependent human use factorsAssessment
Hand-to-mouth activities-
50% transfer efficiency
1 filter paper stroke is surrogate for 1 hand stroke by a child
Direct mouthing and chewing ingestion-
Saline extraction represents mouthing only
Mild HCl extraction is surrogate for bioavailability from chewing
ASTM F 963-96 and EN 71-3
Pb: 90 ug/g, Cd: 75 ug/g for surface coatings
Given the number of strokes or surface area wiped, is the limit forExample calculations
Pb or Cd exposure exceeded? Or,
At the limit for Pb or Cd exposure, is the number of strokes or
surface area wiped reasonable?
Given the amount of plastic mouthed, or chewed and ingested, is
the limit for Pb or Cd exceeded? Or,
At the limit for Pb or Cd exposure, is the amount of plastic
mouthed, or chewed and ingested reasonable?
Dislodgeable PB and Cd from Greenpeace Table 6 | 20Oct1997 | ||||||
new item | in2 | Pb ug | Pb ug/in2 | in2/day | Cd ug | Cd ug/in2 | in2/day |
Minnie backpack | 96 | 1.984 | 0.021 | 1451.6 | 1.74 | 0.018 | 1015.2 |
101 Dal backpack | 290 | 19.430 | 0.067 | 447.8 | 1.16 | 0.004 | 4600.0 |
Barbie backpack | 290 | 14.210 | 0.049 | 612.2 | nd | ||
Columbia raincoat | 1700 | 235.73 | 0.139 | 216.3 | nd | ||
Tweety rain hat | 79 | 9.217 | 0.117 | 257.1 | ND | ||
Barbie tent pole | 36 | 13.404 | 0.372 | 80.6 | ND | ||
Tweety totebag | 240 | 0.240 | 0.001 | 30000 | ND |
Dislodgeable Pb and Cd from Greenpeace Table 7 | 20Oct1997 | ||||||
weathered item | in2 | Pb ug | Pb ug/in2 | in2/day | Cd ug | Cd ug/in2 | in2/day |
Minnie backpack | 96 | 5.664 | 0.059 | 508.5 | 5.792 | 0.060 | 305.0 |
101 Dal backpack | 290 | 19.430 | 0.067 | 447.8 | 14.307 | 0.049 | 373.0 |
Barbie backpack | 290 | 35.380 | 0.122 | 245.9 | 23.393 | 0.081 | 228.1 |
Columbia raincoat | 1700 | 336.033 | 0.198 | 151.8 | nd | ||
Tweety rain hat | 79 | 9.217 | 0.117 | 257.1 | ND | 0.003 | 5527.0 |
Barbie tent pole | 36 | 302.484 | 8.402 | 3.6 | ND | ||
Tweety totebag | 240 | 8.800 | 0.037 | 818.2 | 15.520 | 0.065 | 284.5 |
Dislodgeable Pb and Cd from Greenpeace Table 8 | 20Oct1997 | ||||||
weather + 10% item | in2 | Pb ug | Pb ug/in2 | in2/day | Cd ug | Cd ug/in2 | in2/day |
Minnie backpack | 96 | 14.824 | 0.154 | 194.3 | 6.678 | 0.070 | 264.5 |
101 Dal backpack | 290 | 24.282 | 0.084 | 358.3 | 15.852 | 0.055 | 336.6 |
Barbie backpack | 290 | 83.692 | 0.289 | 104.0 | 35.840 | 0.124 | 148.9 |
Columbia raincoat | 1700 | 590.554 | 0.347 | 86.4 | nd | ||
Tweety rain hat | 79 | 12.415 | 0.157 | 190.9 | 0.497 | 0.006 | 2924.7 |
Barbie tent pole | 36 | 468.925 | 13.526 | 2.2 | ND | ||
Tweety totebag | 240 | 20.495 | 0.085 | 351.3 | 16.762 | 0.070 | 263.5 |