Nutrient
Flux and Yield Estimates
The flux of
a river-borne constituent such as nitrate is the amount that passes
a given point on the river over a given period of time.
Nutrient flux = streamflow (discharge) TIMES
nutrient concentration in streamwater.
Nutrient yield (flux per unit drainage area)
= nutrient flux DIVIDED BY area of the watershed.
Nutrient flux estimates are complicated by the
fact that discharge and streamwater concentrations vary continuously.
As a result, statistical models are used to estimate nutrient flux
from continuous streamflow records at gaging stations and water quality
samples that are taken intermittently during the year. The accuracy
and resolution (whether annual, seasonal, or monthly flux estimates
are possible) of flux estimates are limited by the number of water
quality samples collected during the year.
Nutrient flux and yield estimates are available to
researchers and the public. They each provide estimates of monthly,
annual, and long-term average nutrient flux and yield:
- nutrient flux and
yield estimates for 4 sites on the Mississippi River or its major
tributaries and to the Gulf of Mexico for the period extending from
the mid-1970’s to the present (2004) for most sites. The models
used to calculated nutrient flux are an improvement pervious methods.
The concentration and the daily flux of
nitrate in the lower Mississippi River are good indicators of the
potential flux of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico. The graphs below
show concentrations and daily flux estimates of nitrate plus nitrite
as N for samples collected at Baton Rouge Louisiana, which is about
70 river miles downstream from the NASQAN sampling site at St. Francisville
Louisiana. Steamflow data are from the U.S Army Corps of Engineers
station at Tarbots Landing Mississippi.
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