Get Smart: Know When Antibiotics Work

Get Smart. Take a look at this chart to find out which upper respiratory infections are usually caused by viruses — germs that are not killed by antibiotics. Talk with your doctor about ways to feel better when you are sick. Ask what you should look for at home that might mean you are developing another infection for which antibiotics might be appropriate. 

Illness: Cold 
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Flu
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Chest Cold (in otherwise healthy children and adults)
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Sore Throats (except strep)
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Bronchitis (in otherwise healthy children and adults)
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Runny Nose (with green or yellow mucus)
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Illness: Fluid in the Middle Ear
Usual Cause? Virus, Yes. Bacteria, No.
Antibiotic Needed? No.

Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Food and Drug Administration

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