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NIOSH Safety and Health Topic:

Chest Radiography

 

Resources

This section contains a listing of all the references (journal articles, books, Web sites, federal laws and regulations) used on this Web site as well as additional information related to the topics of chest radiography, the International Labour Office (ILO) Classification System, and the pneumoconioses.

If you are unable to find the information you are looking for on this Web site, please contact the B Reader Program office at (888) 480-4042 or email CWXSP@cdc.gov, and we will be happy to assist you.

Related NIOSH Topic Pages

Asbestos
Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program
Occupational Respiratory Disease Surveillance
Pneumoconioses

NIOSH Publications

Application of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses to Digital Chest Radiographic Images: A NIOSH Scientific Workshop: Workshop Proceedings
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2008-139

Journal Articles

American Thoracic Society. Diagnosis and Initial Management of Nonmalignant Diseases Related to Asbestos. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170:691-715.

Attfield MD, Morring K. An investigation into the relationship between coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and dust exposure in U.S. coal miners. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1992; 53:486-92.

Bohlig H, Bristol LJ, Cartier PH, Felson B, Gilson JC, Grainger TR et al. UICC/Cincinnati classification of the radiographic appearances of pneumoconiosis. Chest 1970;58:57-67.

Cotes JE, King B. Relationship of lung function to radiographic reading (ILO) in patients with asbestos related lung disease. Thorax 1988; 43(10):777-83.

Ducatman AM. Variability in interpretation of radiographs for asbestosis abnormalities: problems and solutions. Ann NY Acad Sci 1991;643:108-20.

Ducatman AM, Yang WN, and Forman SA. ‘B Readers’ and Asbestos Medical Surveillance. Journal of Occupational Medicine 1988; 30(8):644-647.

Fay JWJ, Rae S. The Pneumoconiosis Field Research of the National Coal Board. Ann Occup Hyg 1959; 1:149-61.

Felson B, Morgan WKC, Bristol LJ, Pendergrass E, Dessen EL, Linton OW et al. Observations on the results of multiple readings of chest films in coal miners' pneumoconiosis. Radiology 1973;109:19-23.

Fletcher CM, Oldham PD. The problem of consistent radiological diagnosis in coalminers’ pneumoconiosis. An experimental study. Br J Ind Med 1949;6:168-183.

Hurley JF, Burns J, Copland L, et al. Coalworkers’ simple pneumoconiosis and exposure to dust at 10 British coalmines. Br J Ind Med 1982; 39:120-7.

Jacobsen M. Part 5. Radiologic Abnormalities: Epidemiologic Utilization: The International Labour Office Classification: Use and Misuse. Annals New York Academy of Sciences 1991; 643:100-107.

Miller BG, Jacobsen M. Dust exposure, pneumoconiosis, and mortality of coal miners. Br J Ind Med 1985; 42:723-33.

Morgan RH. Proficiency examination of physicians for classifying pneumoconiosis chest films. Am J Roentgenology 1979;132:803-08.

Mulloy KB, Coultas DB, Samet JM. Use of chest radiographs in epidemiological investigations of pneumoconioses. Br J Ind Med 1993; 50(3):273-5.

Parker DL, Bender AP, and Hankinson S. Public Health Implications of the Variability in the Interpretation of ‘B’ Readings for Pleural Changes. Journal of Occupational Medicine 1989; 31(9):775-780.

Reger RB, Amandus HE, Morgan WKC. On the diagnosis of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis - Anglo-American disharmony. Am Rev Respir Dis 1973;108:1186-91

Reger RB, Petersen MR, Morgan WKC. Variation in the interpretation of radiographic change in pulmonary disease. Lancet 1974;111-13.

Richman SI and Smith CJ. Legal Aspects of Impairment and Disability in Pneumoconiosis. Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews 1993; 8(1) 71-92.

Ruckley VA, Fernie JM, Chapman JS, et al. Comparison of radiographic appearance with associated pathology and lung dust content in a group of coalworkers. Br J Ind Med 1984; 41:459-67.

Sheers G, Rossiter CE, Gilson JC, Mackenzie FAF. UK naval dockyards asbestos study: radiological methods in the surveillance of workers exposed to asbestos. Br J Ind Med 1978; 35:195-203.

Weill H, Jones R. The chest roentgenogram as an epidemiologic tool. Report of a workshop. Arch Environ Health 1975; 30:435-9.

Wagner GR, Attfield MD, Parker JE. Chest Radiography in Dust-Exposed Miners: Promise and Problems, Potential and Imperfections. Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews 8(1); 127-141, 1993.

Books

International Labour Office (ILO). Guidelines for the Use of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses, Revised Edition 2000 (Occupational Safety and Health Series, No. 22). International Labour Office: Geneva, 2002.

Morgan RH. Radiology. In: Merchant JA, ed. Occupational Respiratory Diseases. (NIOSH Publication No. 86-102), 1986.

Antao VC, Parker JE. ILO Classification. In: Gevenois, PA & De Vuyst P, eds., Imaging of Occupational and Environmental Disorders of the Chest. Berlin. Springer, 2006, pp: 93–99. ISBN – 3540213430.

Web sites

American College of Radiology
External Link: http://www.acr.org/

American College of Radiologists. Practice Guideline on the Expert Witness in Radiology. Revised 2007 (Res. 40). Effective 10/1/07
External Link: http://www.acr.org/SecondaryMainMenuCategories/quality_safety/guidelines/dx/expert_witness.aspx

American Medical Association. H-265.994, Expert Witness Testimony. (Sub. Res. 223, A-92; Appended: Sub. Res. 211, I-97; Reaffirmation A-99)
External Link: http://www.ama-assn.org/apps/pf_new/pf_online?f_n=resultLink&doc=policyfiles/HnE/H-265.994.HTM

American Medical Association. E-9.07 Medical Testimony
External Link: http://www.ama-assn.org/apps/pf_new/pf_online?f_n=browse&doc=policyfiles/HnE/E-9.07.HTM

Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program. Navy Environmental Health Center
External Link: http://www-nehc.med.navy.mil/occmed/Asbestos.htm

Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics
External Link: http://www.aoec.org/

Association for State and Territorial Health Officials
External Link: http://www.astho.org/

Black Lung Benefits Act (BLBA)
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/compliance/laws/comp-blba.htm

Black Lung Benefits Offices. Division of Coal Mine Workers’ Compensation Program and District Offices, Department of Labor
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/esa/contacts/owcp/blcontac.htm

Black Lung Benefits Program. Division of Coal Mine Workers’ Compensation Program and District Offices, Department of Labor
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/compliance/owcp/bltable.htm

Black Lung Clinics Program. Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration
External Link: http://ruralhealth.hrsa.gov/funding/BLCP/

Campaign to End Black Lung Now and Forever
External Link: http://www.msha.gov/s%26hinfo/blacklung/homepage.htm

NIOSH Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program

Federation of State Medical Boards
External Link: http://www.fsmb.org/

Mine Safety and Health Administration
External Link: http://www.msha.gov

NIOSH Occupational Respiratory Disease Surveillance

Roentgenographic Interpretation Form. NIOSH B Reader Program

Safety and Health Topics: Asbestos. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
External Link: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/asbestos/index.html

State Workers’ Compensation Officials. US Department of Labor
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/compliance/owcp/wc.htm

Federal Laws and Regulations

Claims for Benefits Under Part C of Title IV of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act, As Amended. 20CFR725
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/dol/allcfr/Title_20/Part_725/toc.htm

Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000, as described on the US Department of Labor compliance assistance web site.
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/compliance/owcp/ca_eeoic.htm

Federal Mine Safety & Health Act of 1977
External Link: http://www.msha.gov/regs/act/acttc.htm

Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, Public Law 91-173
External Link: http://www.msha.gov/regs/act/acttc.htm

Specifications for Medical Examinations of Underground Coal Miners. 42 CFR 37
External Link: http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_02/42cfr37_02.html

Standards for Determining Coal Miners’ Total Disability or Death Due to Pneumoconiosis. 20CFR718
External Link: http://www.dol.gov/dol/allcfr/Title_20/Part_718/toc.htm

next Recommended Practices for Reliable Classification of Chest Radiographs by B Readers  
Page last updated: August 5, 2008
Page last reviewed: March 6, 2008
Content Source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Chest Radiography

Normal Chest Radiograph

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