<>Resources for Non-U.S. Job Seekers

Non-Student Job Applicants

The Institute of Food Technologists strongly recommends non-US members seeking a position in the United States begin their job searches by first relocating to the United States. As a rule, employers do not spend relocation costs for candidates outside the U.S.

Students

Students intending to work in the United States under the practical training agreement need to apply at the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) for an Employment Authorization Card. This can be done via the International Students Office at the University the student is attending, and usually takes about 3 months to arrive. Students cannot start employment without this card.

International students generally hold the F-1 (foreign student) visa. A few hold the J-1 (exchange visitor student) visa. In both cases, the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) permits employers to hire students who have completed their course of study in a status called "practical training." The INS defines practical training as employment related to the student's course of study. Eligible students need not change their visa status to accept this type of employment.

Time Limits for Practical Training

F-1 students may work for up to twelve months as practical trainees.

J-1 students may work for up to eighteen months as practical trainees*

Federal regulations require that employment terminate at the conclusion of the training period. However, in some cases, the international student may continue to be employed, provided that a change to another type of visa is approved by the immigration service. Following is a description of the most common work visa.

Temporary Worker (H-1B) Visa

Application for the H-1B, or Temporary Worker visa, is made by the employer through the Department of Labor and the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). An H-1B may be continued for up to six years. It is intended for "professional employment". These application should be prepared with careful attention to the documents required for submission with the completed forms. The entire process can take up to 3 or 4 months; legal advice may accelerate the application process.

*Some J-1 students have a "two-year home country residence" requirement and are prohibited from continuing beyond practical training employment on the H-1B visa, but this requirement can often be waived.