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SELECTED AUDIO
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Born and raised on the Costa de la Palma (Palm Coast) ranch near the town of Alvarado, an hour's drive south from the port city of Veracruz, Mexico, José Gutiérrez Ramón spent his childhood listening to his grandfather, father, and uncles play music for enjoyment after a hard day's work. While still a child, Gutiérrez learned to play the guitar, and later the principal instruments heard in the son jarocho tradition: jarana, requinto, and arpa ( harp). Son jarocho ( pronounced SOHN hah-ROH-cho), the music Gutiérrez and the brothers Felipe and Marcos Ochoa have performed for over fifty years as musical ambassadors of Veracruz's rich folk history, is the traditional rural music of the Gulf region of Mexico. Son describes the coplas or stanzas sung by a "caller" who is accompanied by the hard-driving rhythms of musicians playing Veracruz guitars and harp; jarocho describes the people and culture of Veracruz.
Although musicians developed son jarocho in Veracruz long before the turn of the 19th century, it wasn't until the latter half of that century that the tradition was recognized as an integral part of the Mexican culture and national identity. Mexico was still a republic of Spain at the time, and many of the earliest pioneers of the son jarocho were Spanish. Enslaved Africans in the 16th and 17th centuries are also given credit as contributors. In a 1844 article in the periodical El Museo Mexicano, José María Esteva observed that the sones performed by the jarochos represented a combination of various regional dances including...
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