| Demographic Group: | All resident persons. |
| Numerator: | Incident cases of cancer with an International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-O-2 or ICD-O-3 (for cases diagnosed after January 1, 2001) code C67 and behavior >= 2 or 3 (in situ or malignant, primary site, excluding histologic types M9590–M9989) among residents during a calendar year. |
| Denominator: | Midyear resident population for the same calendar year. |
| Measures of Frequency: | Annual number of incident cases. Annual incidence — crude and age-adjusted (standardized by the direct method to the year 2000 standard U.S. population based on single years of age from the Census P25-1130 series estimates*) — with 95% confidence interval. |
| Time Period of Case Definition: | Calendar year. |
| Background: | During 2001, cancer of the bladder caused approximately 12,400 deaths, and 57,400 new cases are diagnosed annually. Bladder cancer occurs more frequently among white males than it does among other groups. |
| Significance: | Cigarette smoking is estimated to account for 30%–50% of bladder cancer. Risk of bladder cancer is also associated with certain occupational exposures. Approximately 20% of bladder cancer is attributable to occupational exposure. |
| Limitations of Indicator: | Because bladder cancer has a long latency period, years might pass before changes in behavior or clinical practice patterns affect incidence. |
| Data Resources: | Cancer incidence data from statewide central cancer registries (numerator) and population estimates from the U.S. Bureau of the Census or suitable alternative (denominator).
http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/uscs/Table.aspx?Group=TableGeo&Year=2001&Display=n |
| Limitations of Data Resources: | Data from certain existing statewide central cancer registries do not yet meet standards for data completeness and quality. Certain newly established state registries have not yet begun to produce surveillance data. Therefore, nationwide estimates calculated from aggregated state data might not include data from each state. However, state registry data should accurately represent state cancer incidence in the majority of states, particularly where completeness and quality of registry data are high. |
| Healthy People 2010 Objectives: | No objective. |
