Table 4-38: Estimated National Average Vehicle
Emissions Rates per Vehicle by Vehicle Type using Gasoline and Diesel
(Grams per
mile)
Excel | CSV
GASOLINE (assuming zero RFG) |
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Light-duty
vehicles |
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Exhaust
HC |
2.79 |
2.50 |
2.23 |
1.98 |
1.77 |
1.57 |
1.39 |
1.25 |
1.14 |
1.05 |
0.97 |
0.89 |
0.81 |
0.74 |
0.61 |
0.52 |
0.46 |
0.42 |
Nonexhaust
HC |
1.21 |
1.17 |
1.12 |
1.09 |
1.07 |
1.05 |
1.03 |
1.01 |
0.98 |
0.95 |
0.91 |
0.88 |
0.84 |
0.81 |
0.77 |
0.72 |
0.68 |
0.62 |
Total
HC |
4.00 |
3.67 |
3.35 |
3.07 |
2.84 |
2.62 |
2.41 |
2.26 |
2.12 |
2.00 |
1.88 |
1.77 |
1.65 |
1.54 |
1.37 |
1.25 |
1.13 |
1.04 |
Exhaust
CO |
42.89 |
39.15 |
35.54 |
32.23 |
29.32 |
26.60 |
24.18 |
22.38 |
20.86 |
19.54 |
18.53 |
17.80 |
16.98 |
16.14 |
13.79 |
12.57 |
10.87 |
10.28 |
Exhaust
NOx |
2.70 |
2.47 |
2.27 |
2.09 |
1.94 |
1.78 |
1.64 |
1.55 |
1.46 |
1.35 |
1.29 |
1.25 |
1.20 |
1.14 |
1.00 |
0.92 |
0.79 |
0.73 |
Light-duty
trucks |
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Exhaust
HC |
3.68 |
3.33 |
3.00 |
2.71 |
2.45 |
2.21 |
1.96 |
1.80 |
1.65 |
1.54 |
1.45 |
1.35 |
1.24 |
1.13 |
0.96 |
0.78 |
0.69 |
0.64 |
Nonexhaust
HC |
1.37 |
1.30 |
1.21 |
1.17 |
1.13 |
1.11 |
1.08 |
1.05 |
1.02 |
1.00 |
0.98 |
0.95 |
0.90 |
0.84 |
0.80 |
0.76 |
0.71 |
0.66 |
Total
HC |
5.05 |
4.63 |
4.21 |
3.88 |
3.59 |
3.32 |
3.04 |
2.85 |
2.68 |
2.54 |
2.43 |
2.30 |
2.14 |
1.98 |
1.76 |
1.54 |
1.40 |
1.31 |
Exhaust
CO |
56.23 |
51.99 |
47.93 |
44.34 |
40.77 |
37.51 |
34.47 |
32.20 |
30.23 |
28.28 |
26.81 |
25.43 |
23.85 |
21.51 |
18.76 |
16.23 |
14.33 |
13.52 |
Exhaust
NOx |
2.62 |
2.42 |
2.26 |
2.11 |
1.98 |
1.84 |
1.73 |
1.65 |
1.59 |
1.55 |
1.54 |
1.53 |
1.50 |
1.45 |
1.32 |
1.21 |
1.09 |
1.02 |
Heavy-duty
vehicles |
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Exhaust
HC |
3.66 |
3.34 |
3.03 |
2.76 |
2.39 |
2.16 |
1.94 |
1.73 |
1.51 |
1.35 |
1.22 |
1.09 |
0.98 |
0.82 |
0.73 |
0.64 |
0.53 |
0.48 |
Nonexhaust
HC |
2.74 |
2.60 |
2.34 |
2.25 |
2.16 |
2.07 |
1.97 |
1.87 |
1.79 |
1.69 |
1.62 |
1.54 |
1.48 |
1.41 |
1.35 |
1.24 |
1.14 |
1.07 |
Total
HC |
6.40 |
5.94 |
5.37 |
5.00 |
4.55 |
4.24 |
3.91 |
3.60 |
3.29 |
3.04 |
2.84 |
2.63 |
2.46 |
2.24 |
2.08 |
1.88 |
1.67 |
1.54 |
Exhaust
CO |
85.61 |
78.64 |
72.12 |
65.92 |
60.01 |
54.16 |
48.52 |
43.26 |
38.82 |
34.54 |
31.08 |
27.59 |
24.73 |
20.60 |
18.46 |
16.73 |
14.51 |
13.55 |
Exhaust
NOx |
7.19 |
6.96 |
6.72 |
6.52 |
6.35 |
6.11 |
5.89 |
5.73 |
5.56 |
5.40 |
5.26 |
5.13 |
5.01 |
4.91 |
4.62 |
4.28 |
3.73 |
3.33 |
Motorcycles |
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Exhaust
HC |
2.01 |
1.88 |
1.82 |
1.75 |
1.72 |
1.69 |
1.63 |
1.63 |
1.62 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
1.61 |
Nonexhaust
HC |
0.74 |
0.73 |
0.72 |
0.72 |
0.71 |
0.71 |
0.70 |
0.69 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
0.69 |
0.69 |
0.69 |
0.68 |
Total
HC |
2.74 |
2.60 |
2.54 |
2.46 |
2.43 |
2.40 |
2.34 |
2.32 |
2.32 |
2.31 |
2.31 |
2.31 |
2.31 |
2.31 |
2.31 |
2.30 |
2.30 |
2.29 |
Exhaust
CO |
15.15 |
14.78 |
14.77 |
14.76 |
14.76 |
14.67 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
14.58 |
14.59 |
14.59 |
Exhaust
NOx |
1.26 |
1.28 |
1.28 |
1.28 |
1.28 |
1.26 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
1.25 |
DIESEL |
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Light-duty
vehicles |
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Exhaust
HC |
0.68 |
0.69 |
0.71 |
0.73 |
0.75 |
0.77 |
0.79 |
0.81 |
0.81 |
0.82 |
0.80 |
0.76 |
0.73 |
0.73 |
0.60 |
0.58 |
0.48 |
0.36 |
Exhaust
CO |
1.49 |
1.52 |
1.56 |
1.60 |
1.64 |
1.69 |
1.73 |
1.76 |
1.78 |
1.79 |
1.78 |
1.75 |
1.73 |
1.74 |
1.59 |
1.57 |
1.41 |
1.21 |
Exhaust
NOx |
1.83 |
1.85 |
1.86 |
1.87 |
1.89 |
1.89 |
1.89 |
1.88 |
1.86 |
1.85 |
1.81 |
1.72 |
1.62 |
1.54 |
1.43 |
1.32 |
1.11 |
0.85 |
Light-duty
trucks |
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Exhaust
HC |
1.59 |
1.60 |
1.64 |
1.64 |
1.68 |
1.67 |
1.69 |
1.63 |
1.51 |
1.42 |
1.02 |
0.88 |
0.96 |
0.97 |
0.98 |
0.80 |
0.79 |
0.63 |
Exhaust
CO |
2.67 |
2.70 |
2.76 |
2.77 |
2.85 |
2.85 |
2.89 |
2.79 |
2.60 |
2.44 |
1.77 |
1.54 |
1.66 |
1.68 |
1.68 |
1.37 |
1.34 |
1.06 |
Exhaust
NOx |
2.71 |
2.66 |
2.62 |
2.56 |
2.53 |
2.46 |
2.42 |
2.31 |
2.17 |
2.07 |
1.76 |
1.64 |
1.67 |
1.66 |
1.59 |
1.37 |
1.30 |
1.09 |
Heavy-duty
vehicles |
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Exhaust
HC |
2.21 |
1.97 |
1.74 |
1.55 |
1.38 |
1.23 |
1.10 |
1.00 |
0.92 |
0.85 |
0.79 |
0.74 |
0.69 |
0.61 |
0.58 |
0.54 |
0.51 |
0.48 |
Exhaust
CO |
10.06 |
9.22 |
8.43 |
7.71 |
7.00 |
6.32 |
5.73 |
5.23 |
4.80 |
4.43 |
4.10 |
3.82 |
3.58 |
3.37 |
3.19 |
3.05 |
2.90 |
2.66 |
Exhaust
NOx |
23.34 |
22.14 |
21.47 |
21.10 |
20.75 |
20.49 |
20.24 |
20.04 |
19.84 |
19.14 |
18.05 |
16.68 |
15.52 |
13.92 |
12.50 |
11.45 |
10.55 |
9.60 |
Average Emissions Per Vehicle, RFG and Diesel Fleet |
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Exhaust
HC |
2.98 |
2.70 |
2.42 |
2.18 |
1.96 |
1.76 |
1.56 |
1.43 |
1.32 |
1.23 |
1.16 |
1.08 |
0.99 |
0.91 |
0.77 |
0.65 |
0.581 |
0.543 |
Nonexhaust
HC |
1.21 |
1.16 |
1.10 |
1.06 |
1.04 |
1.01 |
0.99 |
0.97 |
0.94 |
0.91 |
0.89 |
0.86 |
0.82 |
0.77 |
0.74 |
0.69 |
0.65 |
0.604 |
Total
HC |
4.20 |
3.86 |
3.52 |
3.24 |
3.00 |
2.77 |
2.55 |
2.40 |
2.26 |
2.14 |
2.04 |
1.93 |
1.81 |
1.68 |
1.51 |
1.35 |
1.23 |
1.147 |
Exhaust
CO |
45.07 |
41.43 |
37.93 |
34.76 |
31.84 |
29.12 |
26.65 |
24.90 |
23.40 |
22.00 |
20.94 |
20.02 |
18.94 |
17.49 |
15.24 |
13.56 |
11.95 |
11.318 |
Exhaust
NOx |
4.15 |
3.92 |
3.75 |
3.61 |
3.49 |
3.36 |
3.24 |
3.18 |
3.12 |
3.02 |
2.91 |
2.78 |
2.65 |
2.48 |
2.25 |
2.07 |
1.87 |
1.726 |
KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC =
hydrocarbon; NOx = nitrogen oxide; RFG = reformulated gasoline.
NOTES
As
of July 1 of each year. Vehicles types
are defined as follows: light-duty vehicles (passenger cars up to 6,000 lb
GVWR); light-duty trucks (pickups and minivans up to 8,500 lb GVWR);
heavy-duty vehicles (8,501 lbs or more GVWR); motorcycle (highway only). This
table is based on MOBILE6, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)
latest highway vehicle emissions factor model. Interested readers can learn
more about the MOBILE6 model at the following USEPA Internet site
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm.
Emissions
factors are national averages based on the following assumptions: ambient
temperature 75 ºF, daily temperature range 60-84 ºF, average traffic speed
27.6 mph (representative of overall traffic in urban areas), standard
operating mode (cold-start, hot-start, stabilized), vehicle-miles traveled
fractions, no inspection/maintenance or antitampering programs, and gasoline
volatility 9.0 per square inch RVP (Reid vapor pressure).
See Table 4-39 for emissions from vehicles operating on
reformulated gasoline.
Data for nonexhaust HC is negligible for diesel light-duty
vehicles, light-duty trucks, and heavy-duty vehicles.
Average emissions per vehicle rates assume a fleet comprised
exclusively of gasoline and diesel vehicles. For emissions estimates of a
fleet using RFG and diesel, see table 4-39.
SOURCE
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Vehicle and Fuel
Emissions Laboratory, personal communication, Nov. 29, 2007.
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