• decoded three DNA chromosomes (5, 16, and 19) [Human Genome]
• established an international computer communication in 1970 [AEC Experiment]
• formulated the process for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [Boyer]
• confirmed the third branch of life [Archaea]
• uncovered the secrets powering the stars [Bethe]
• contributed to nuclear medicine, including radiation and cancer therapy [Cancer Therapy]
• contributed to the science that won the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize [Climate Change]

• created a pre-Pong video game (Tennis for Two) [Video game]
• created the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction [Fermi]
• first detected solar neutrinos [Davis]
• first detected the neutrino [Reines]
• first observed the top quark [Top Quark]
• identified the muon neutrino [Lederman, Steinberger]
• identified peaceful uses of nuclear energy [Seaborg]
• identified peaceful uses of fusion [Teller]
• wrote the seminal paper Synthesis of the Elements in the Stars [Fowler]

Discovered

• over eight of the elements on the Periodic Table [Seaborg]
• the first binary pulsar [Hulse]
• the Lamb Shift phenomenon [Lamb]
• the K-meson [Lederman]
• the tau lepton [Perl]
• asymptotic freedom in the theory of strong interaction [Politzer, Wilczek]
• the molecule named Buckminsterfullerene (Buckyball) [Smalley]
• blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation [Smoot]
  
  

Invented

• the cyclotron (an early accelerator) [Lawrence]
• the calutron (an isotope separator) [Lawrence]
• the bubble chamber [Glaser]

Developed

• the battery that powered the lunar lander module and other spacecraft [RTG]
• the Eightfold Way, a theory of Strong Interaction Symmetry [Gell-Mann]
• the 'electroweak' theory [Glashow]
• the nuclear shell model [Goeppert-Mayer]
• the neutron diffraction technique [Shull]
• Ultra Violet Waterworks (UVW)
• an anti-jet-lag diet [Snapshots]
  
  
  

Provided

• evidence as to why dinosaurs are extinct [Alvarez]
• the concept of the Cooper pairs [Cooper]
• the Bloch Equations [Bloch]
• the Feynman Diagrams [Feynman]
• an explanation of how DNA's genetic blueprint is read and used [Kornberg]