Invasive and Exotic Species

Biological Control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid

USDA Forest Service FHTET-2004-04.

Contents

• Introduction

• Chapter 1: Biological Control Agents

  • Sasajiscymnus Lady Beetle from Japan -- Carole Cheah
  • Scymnus Lady Beetles from China -- Michael E. Montgomery
  • Laricobius Derodontid Beetle from British Columbia -- Scott Salom
  • Pathogens -- Bruce L. Parker, Scott Costa, Margaret Skinner



• Chapter 2: Outlook

• References

Technical Coordinators:

Richard Reardon, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA Forest Service
180 Canfield St., Morgantown, WV 26505

Brad Onken, Forest Health Protection, USDA Forest Service
180 Canfield St., Morgantown, WV 26505

Authors:

Carole Cheah, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station,
153 Cook Hill Road, Windsor, CT 06095

Michael E. Montgomery, USDA Forest Service, Center for Forest Health Research
51 Millpond Rd, Hamden CT 06514

Scott Salom, Virginia Tech, Dept. of Entomology
216 Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0319

Bruce L. Parker, Scott Costa, Margaret Skinner
University of Vermont, Entomology Research Laboratory
Dept. of Plant and Soil Science
661 Spear St., Burlington VT 05405

On the cover

Clockwise from top left: adult coccinellids Sasajiscymnus tsugae (UGA1276009), Scymnus ningshanensis (UGA1276012), adult derodontid Laricobius nigrinus (UGA1276021), and Scymnus sinuanodulus (UGA1276011).

Adapted to the Web

This publication was adapted to the web by the Bugwood Network of the Univeristy of Georgia, Warnell School of Forest Resources and College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Dept. of Entomology.

About this publication

This publication covers the distribution, biology, damage, and biological control of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) and is a substantial revision of FHTET-2000-08, Biological control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Eastern United States, by Mark McClure, 2001.

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Chuck Benedict (ITX, Ft. Collins, Colorado) for editing this revised manuscript and for layout and design. The U.S. Department of Agriculture – Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West Virginia provided funding for the preparation and printing of this publication.

Dedication

We dedicate this publication to Mark McClure – recently retired from The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – who conducted many of the early investigations into the hemlock woolly adelgid. His efforts provided a foundation for all the work now being carried out.

For copies of this publication, please contact:

Photographs

All images in the publication are available online at http://www.forestryimages.org and http://www.invasive.org. Reference numbers for the digital files appear in the figure captions in this publication (UGA 0000000). The entire publication is available online at http://www.bugwood.org and http://www.fs.fed.us/na/morgantown/fhp/hwa

The Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 by the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA, Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series.

http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/

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