Index
|
Search
|
Home
Eucalyptus viminalis Labill.
Myrtaceae
Manna eucalyptus
Source: James A. Duke. 1983. Handbook of Energy Crops. unpublished.
- Uses
- Folk Medicine
- Chemistry
- Toxicity
- Description
- Germplasm
- Distribution
- Ecology
- Harvesting
- Yields and Economics
- Energy
- Biotic Factors
- References
The wood (51 lb/cu ft) is used for building, construction, joinery, and
vehicles. It is considered suitable for paper pulp (C.S.I.R., 1948–1976). The
red gum or manna exuding from cracks in the bark is eaten eagerly by South
African boys and has been used for making adhesives and birdlime (Watt and
Breyer-Brandwijk, 1962). Eucalyptus manna, which exudes from punctures in
summer months, is sometimes consumed. The essential oil shows the same
antiviral (influenza) effect as that of E. dalrympleana (Vichkanova et
al, 1973). Leaves inhibit Staphylococcus aureus.
The leafy twig decoction was used to bathe rheumatic limbs in South Africa.
Leaves contain 0.35–0.75% essential oil, of which 50–65% is cineol, 5% is
pinene, and 10% is eudesmol. The "manna" contains arabinose, raffinose,
dextrose, and sucrose. The bark contains 4.8–8% tannin, the kino 92.7% (Watt
and Breyer-Brandwijk, 1962). The kino contains 7.1% moisture, 0.25% ash, and
92.7% catechin + tannin (C.S.I.R., 1948–1976).
The species is suspected to cause poisoning in koala bears, perhaps due to HCN
(0.09% HCN has been reported) (Watt and Breyer-Brandwijk, 1962).
Seedling phanerocotylar, the cotyledons reniform.
Reported from the Australian Center of Diversity, manna eucalyptus, or cvs
thereof, is reported to tolerate more frost than most species of eucalypt.
(2n = 22)
Native to Southeastern Australia, but cultivated in Argentina, California,
Hawaii, India, Peru, et al.
No data available.
No data available.
At Calistoga, California, Standiford and Donaldson (1982) calculated 7.8
m3/ha/yr, equivalent to 3.2 cords or 20 million kcals/ha/yr.
NAS (1980a) suggested this as a promising firewood species. Webb et al. (1980)
report wood yields of 10–30 m3/ha/yr.
Browne (1968) reports the following as affecting this species: (Fungi) Fomes
robustus, F. setulosus, Inonotus chondromyelus, Phytophthora parasitica,
Polyporus portentosus, P. zonatus. (Coleoptera) Entypotrachelus meyeri,
Gonipterus scutellatus, Paropsis obsoleta, Phoracantha semipunctata, P.
tricuspis. (Hemiptera) Eriococcus coriaceus. (Lepidoptera)
Spilonota macropetana.
- Browne, F.G. 1968. Pests and diseases of forest plantations trees. Clarendon
Press, Oxford.
- C.S.I.R. (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research). 1948–1976. The wealth
of India. 11 vols. New Delhi.
- N.A.S. 1980a. Firewood crops. Shrub and tree species for energy production.
National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
- Standiford, R.B. and Donaldson, D.R. 1982. Trees as energy crops. Cal. Agr.
May/June 19–20.
- Vichkanova, S.A., Dzhanashiya, N.M., and Goryunova, L.V. 1973. Antiviral
activity displayed by the essential oil of Eucalyptus viminalis and of
some other frost hardy eucalypti. Farmakol. Toksikol (Moscow) 36(3):339–41.
- Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The medicinal and poisonous plants
of southern and eastern Africa. 2nd ed. E.&S. Livingstone, Ltd., Edinburgh
and London.
- Webb, D.E., Wood, P.J., and Smith, J. 1980. A guide to species selection for
tropical and sub-tropical plantations. Tropical Forestry Papers 15. CFI,
Oxford.
Complete list of references for Duke, Handbook of Energy Crops
Last update Tuesday, January 6, 1998 by aw