Framework for Developing Suspended and Bedded Sediment (SABS) Water Quality Criteria

Suspended and bedded sediments (SABS) are defined by EPA as particulate organic and inorganic matter that suspend in or are carried by the water, and/or accumulate in a loose, unconsolidated form on the bottom of natural water bodies. This includes the frequently used terms of clean sediment, suspended sediment, total suspended solids, bedload, turbidity, or in common terms, dirt, soils or eroded materials. The Framework consists of a stepwise process for developing criteria for SABS. It includes gathering information, synthesizing the state of knowledge, analyzing available data, gathering more data if needed, and selecting criteria values. SABS criteria can then be implemented within a comprehensive management plan. The process engages stakeholders, develops several lines of scientific evidence, and documents the decision analysis process while also accommodating regional differences. The process is flexible and robust, allowing resource managers to customize the criteria development process to meet their unique regulatory and programmatic needs. Technical methods are also included.

SABS occur naturally in all types of waterbodies. In appropriate amounts, sediments are essential to aquatic ecosystems. They can contribute to essential habitat for aquatic species’ growth and reproduction. However, imbalanced sediment supply has repeatedly ranked high as a major cause of waterbody impairment. States, tribes, and territories want tools for developing SABS standards and criteria.

This final document is a joint publication of the Office of Water and Office of Research and Development (EPA/822-R-06-001).