Invasive Plants of the Thirteen Southern States

Invasive and Exotic Species of North America	Home \| About \| Cooperators \| Statistics \| Help \|

Join Now \| Login \| Search \| Browse \| Collections \| Partners \| Library \| Contribute

James H. Miller
Southern Research Station
USDA Forest Service
Auburn Alabama

Erwin B. Chambliss
Southern Research Station
USDA Forest Service
Auburn Alabama

Charles T. Bargeron
The Bugwood Network
The University of Georgia
Tifton Georgia

This is a compilation of invasive plants listed by any of the 13 Southern States and those by federal agencies pertaining to these States as of May 2004. Plants listed include those from the Federal Noxious Weed List as of September 2000, State laws (denoted as Laws), and State exotic pest plant councils (denoted as Lists). Currently, there are 7 States with noxious weed laws and 8 States with invasive plant lists. No lists were available for the states of Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas.

The USDA Forest Service Southern Region's "Regional forester's list and ranking structure: invasive exotic plant species of management concern (2001)" has been included as a "policy" that guides invasive management on National Forest lands. Also, included is the list of invasive plants being monitored by the USDA Forest Service and States Forestry Agencies as part of the Forest Inventory and Analysis.

Please note: You may click on each of the headers below to resort the list. The scientific names are also hyperlinked to images and information about the plant. You may also view the "Frames-Only" version of this list.

Federal Noxious Weed List: LAW
a=General list not categorized

Arkansas: LAW
a=General list not categorized

Mississippi: LAW
a=General list not categorized

Alabama: LAW
a=Class A - Federally listed
b=Class B - Nonnative, in state serious threat
c=Class C - poses harm to industries

South Carolina: LAW
a=General list not categorized

North Carolina: LAW
a=Class A noxious weeds
b=Class B noxious weeds

Florida: LAW
a=General list not categorized

Mississippi: LIST
a=General list not categorized

Alabama: LIST
a=Worst ten

Georgia: LIST
a=Top ten listed
b=Other important

Tennessee: LIST
a=Rank 1 Severe threat
b=Rank 2 Significant threat
c=Rank 3 Lesser threat
Watch Lists A&B not included

Kentucky: LIST
a=Severe threat
b=Significant threat
c=Lesser threat

South Carolina: LIST
a=Severe threat
b=Significant threat
c=Watch

Virginia: LIST
a=High Invasiveness
b=Medium Invasiveness
c=Low invasiveness

Florida: LIST
a=Category I altering plant community
b=Category II increased frequency but not altering plant community

USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis and State Monitoring for Invasive Plants:
a=Monitored in 13 SE states
b=Monitored in Florida only

National Forest Service: POLICY
a=Category 1 species known to be invasive and persistent
b=Category 2 species suspected to be invasive

Growth Form	Scientific Name	Common Name	US law	AR law	MS law	AL law	SC law	NC law	FL law	MS list	AL list	GA list	SC list	FL list	TN list	KY list	VA list	USFS policy	USFS & State Monitoring
Vines	Abrus precatorius L.	rosarypea												a					b
Vines	Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Dcne.	chocolate vine														b	b
Vines	Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv.	Amur peppervine															c	b
Vines	Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.	coral vine												b
Vines	Aristolochia elegans Mast.	elegant dutchman's pipe												b
Vines	Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anders	Chinese violet												b
Vines	Begonia cucullata Willd	clubed begonia												b
Vines	Calystegia sepium sepium (L.) R. Br	hedge false bindweed		a
Vines	Cardiospermum halicacabum L.	love in a puff		a		c	a								c		b
Vines	Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.	oriental bittersweet						c					c		a	a	c	a	a
Vines	Clematis terniflora DC	sweet autumn virginsbower											c		b
Vines	Convolvulus arvensis L.	field bindweed		a												c	b
Vines	Cryptostegia madagascariensis Bojer ex Dcne.	Madagascar rubbervine												b
Vines	Cuscuta japonica Choisy	Japanese dodder	a										c
Vines	Cuscuta megalocarpa Rydb	bigfruit dodder	a
Vines	Cuscuta potosina globifera Yuncker	globe dodder	a
Vines	Cuscuta potosina Schaffn	globe dodder	a
Vines	Cuscuta spp. L.	dodder	a	a			a	a	a
Vines	Dioscorea alata L.	winged yam							a					a				a	a
Vines	Dioscorea bulbifera L.	air potato				a			a					a				a	a
Vines	Dioscorea oppositifolia L.	Chinese yam											c		a	a	c	a	a
Vines	Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl	centipede tongavine												b
Vines	Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Maz.	winter creeper										b	c		a	a	b	a	a
Vines	Hedera helix L.	English ivy										b	b		a	b	b	b	a
Vines	Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc.	Japanese hop															b
Vines	Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.	swamp morning-glory	a				a	a						a
Vines	Ipomoea coccinea L.	redstar															c
Vines	Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.	ivyleaf morning-glory														b	b
Vines	Ipomoea lacunosa L.	whitestar														c
Vines	Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth	tall morningglory														b	b
Vines	Ipomoea spp. L.	morningglory		a
Vines	Ipomoea triloba L.	littlebell					a		a					a
Vines	Jasminum dichotomum Vahl	Gold Coast jasmine												a
Vines	Jasminum fluminense Vell.	jazmin de trapo												a
Vines	Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait.	Arabian jasmine												b
Vines	Lonicera japonica Thunb.	Japanese honeysuckle								a		a	a	a	a	a	c	a	a
Vines	Lygodium japonicum (Thunb. ex Murr.) Sw.	Japanese climbing fern				b			a		a	b	b	a				a	a
Vines	Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br.	old world climbing fern				a			a					a				a	b
Vines	Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry	catclawvine												a				b	b
Vines	Merremia tuberosa (L.) Rendle	Spanish arborvine												b
Vines	Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) B.L. Robins.	heartleaf hempvine	a				a	a	a
Vines	Mikania micrantha Kunth	bittervine	a				a	a	a
Vines	Paederia cruddasiana Prain	sewer vine							a					a					b
Vines	Paederia foetida L.	skunk vine				b			a					a				a
Vines	Passiflora biflora Lam.	twoflower passionflower												b
Vines	Passiflora foetida L.	fetid passionflower												b
Vines	Polygonum perfoliatum L.	mile-a-minute weed				a	c	a									c	b
Vines	Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.	kudzu			a				a	a	a	a	a	a	a	a	c	a	a
Vines	Securigera varia (L.) Lassen	crownvetch													b	a	c	b
Vines	Senna pendula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Irwin & Barneby	valamuerto												a
Vines	Solanum tampicense Dunal	wetland nightshade	a				a	a	a					a
Vines	Sphagneticola trilobata (L.C. Rich.) Pruski	Bay Biscayne creeping-oxeye												b
Vines	Syngonium podophyllum Schott	American evergreen												a
Vines	Tribulus cistoides L.	Jamaican feverplant												b
Vines	Tribulus terrestris L.	puncturevine						b							c
Vines	Vinca major L.	bigleaf periwinkle											c				c		a
Vines	Vinca minor L.	common periwinkle											c		b	b	c		a
Vines	Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC.	Japanese wisteria											a		b		c	b	a
Vines	Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC.	Chinese wisteria										a	a	b	b		b	b	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunningham ex Benth.	earleaf acacia												a
Shrub or Subshrub	Alhagi maurorum Medik	camelthorn
Shrub or Subshrub	Alhagi maurorum Medik	camelthorn
Shrub or Subshrub	Ardisia crenata Sims	coral ardisia												a				b	b
Shrub or Subshrub	Asparagus aethiopicus L.	Sprenger's asparagus fern												a
Shrub or Subshrub	Bauhinia variegata L	mountain ebony												a
Shrub or Subshrub	Berberis thunbergii DC.	Japanese barberry													b	b	b	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link	Scotch broom											c
Shrub or Subshrub	Elaeagnus pungens Thunb.	thorny olive											a	b	a		c	b	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.	autumn olive										a	a		a	a	c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Eugenia uniflora L.	Surinam cherry												a					b
Shrub or Subshrub	Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb.	winged burning bush											c		b	a	c		a
Shrub or Subshrub	Ficus microcarpa Vahl.													a
Shrub or Subshrub	Firmiana simplex (L.) W. Wight	Chinese parasoltree											c
Shrub or Subshrub	Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr	governor's plum												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Flueggea virosa (L.) G.L. Webster	simpleleaf bushweed												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Hibiscus tiliaceus L.	sea hibiscus												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Hiptage benghalensis (L.) Kurz	hiptage												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Ipomoea carnea fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D. Austin	gloria de la manana												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.	cathedral bells												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Lantana camara L.	lantana												a					b
Shrub or Subshrub	Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.	shrubby lespedeza										b	b		b	b	c		a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don	sericea lespedeza										b	c		a	a	c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.	Japanese privet											a		b			a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton	glossy privet												a				a
Shrub or Subshrub	Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb. & Zucc.	border privet															b
Shrub or Subshrub	Ligustrum sinense Lour.	Chinese privet								a	a	a	a	a	a	a	c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Ligustrum vulgare L.	European privet													a	a		a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera fragrantissima Lindl. & Paxton	sweet breath of spring											c		a		c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder	Amur honeysuckle													a	a	b	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera morrowii Gray	Morrow's honeysuckle													a	a	c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera standishii Jacques	Standish's honeysuckle															c
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera tatarica L.	Tatarian honeysuckle													a	a	b	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Lonicera x bella Zabel [morrowii × tatarica]	Bell's honeysuckle													a		c
Shrub or Subshrub	Ludwigia uruguayensis Camb.) Hara	Uruguayan primrose-willow					a	b
Shrub or Subshrub	Lycium ferrocissimum Miers	African boxthorn	a				a	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Mahonia bealei (Fortune) Carr.	leatherleaf mahonia											b		b
Shrub or Subshrub	Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt	Cascade barberry											b
Shrub or Subshrub	Melastoma malabathricum L.	Malabar melastome	a				a	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle	giant sensitive plant	a				a	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Mimosa pellita Kunth ex Willd.	catclaw mimosa	a				a	a	a					a				b
Shrub or Subshrub	Nandina domestica Thunb.	sacred bamboo										b	b	a	b			b	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A.& C. Rivière	golden bamboo										a	b	b			b		a
Shrub or Subshrub	Polygonum aubertii Henry	Chinese fleecevine											c
Shrub or Subshrub	Prosopis reptans cinerascens (Gray) Burkart	tornillo	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Prosopis strombulifera (Lamarck) Bentham	Argentine screwbean	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Psidium cattleianum Sabine	strawberry guava												a					b
Shrub or Subshrub	Psidium guajava L.	guava												a					b
Shrub or Subshrub	Ricinus communis L.	castorbean												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Rosa bracteata J.C. Wendl.	Macartney rose									a								a
Shrub or Subshrub	Rosa laevigata Michx.	Cherokee rose									a								a
Shrub or Subshrub	Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr.	multiflora rose				c					a	b	a		a	a	c	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Rubus fruticosus L.	shrubby blackberry	a				a	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Rubus moluccanus L.	wild blackberry	a				a	a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim.	wine raspberry													c		c
Shrub or Subshrub	Ruellia caerulea Leonard	Britton's wild petunia												a
Shrub or Subshrub	Scaevola sericea SCFR4	beach naupaka												a
Shrub or Subshrub	Sesbania punicea (Cav.) Benth.	rattlebox										b		b
Shrub or Subshrub	Solanum dulcamara L.	bittersweet nightshade														a
Shrub or Subshrub	Solanum viarum Dunal	tropical soda apple	a		a		a	a	a	a	a	b	b	a	a			a	a
Shrub or Subshrub	Spiraea japonica L. f.	Japanese spiraea													a	b	b	b
Shrub or Subshrub	Tamarix gallica L.	French tamarisk										b
Shrub or Subshrub	Tamarix spp. L.	tamarisk
Shrub or Subshrub	Terminalia catappa L.	troipical almond												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R. Webster	guineagrass												b
Shrub or Subshrub	Viburnum dilatatum Thunb.	linden viburnum															c
Shrub or Subshrub	Vitex rotundifolia L. f.	beach vitex											b
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Orobanche cernrua Leofl.	nodding broomrape	a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Orobanche crenata Forsk.	bean broomrape	a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Orobanche minor Smith	small broomrape	a				a	a				b		a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Orobanche ramosa L.	broomrape	a				a	a	a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Orobanche spp. L.	broomrape	a						a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze	witchweed	a					a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Striga densiflora (Benth.) Benth.	denseflower witchweed	a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke	cowpea witchweed	a				a	a						a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth	purple witchweed	a
Parasitic and Epiphytic Plants	Striga spp. Lour.	witchweed	a	a			a	a
Palms	Arecastrum romanzoffianum (Cham.) Becc.	queen palm
Palms	Chamaedorea seifrizii Burret	Seifriz's chamaedorea
Palms	Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. ex Mart.	fountain palm												b
Palms	Phoenix reclinata Jacq.	Senegal date palm												b
Palms	Ptychosperma elegans (R. Br.) Blume	ptychosperma												b
Hardwood Trees	Acer platanoides L.	Norway maple															b
Hardwood Trees	Adenanthera pavonina L	red beadtree												b
Hardwood Trees	Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Swingle	tree of heaven					b								a	a	c	a	a
Hardwood Trees	Albizia julibrissin Durazz.	mimosa										a	b	a	a	b	b	a	a
Hardwood Trees	Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth	woman's tongue												a
Hardwood Trees	Alstonia macrophylla Wallich ex G. Don	deviltree												b
Hardwood Trees	Ardisia elliptica Thunb	shoebutton ardisia												a
Hardwood Trees	Bischofia javanica Blume	Javanese bishopwood												a
Hardwood Trees	Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L'Hér. ex Vent.	paper mulberry												b	c
Hardwood Trees	Calophyllum antillanum Britt	Antilles calophyllum												a
Hardwood Trees	Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq.	river sheoak												b					b
Hardwood Trees	Casuarina equisetifolia L.	Australian pine												a					b
Hardwood Trees	Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng	gray sheoak												a					b
Hardwood Trees	Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol.	trumpet-tree												b
Hardwood Trees	Cestrum diurnum L.	day jessamine												b
Hardwood Trees	Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl	camphortree												a				a
Hardwood Trees	Citrus reticulata Blanco	tangerine					a
Hardwood Trees	Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn.	Asian nakedwood												a
Hardwood Trees	Cordia dichotoma G. Forst.	fragrant manjack												b
Hardwood Trees	Cupaniopsis anacardioides (A. Rich.) Radlk.	carrotwood							a					a					b
Hardwood Trees	Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC.	Indian rosewood												b
Hardwood Trees	Elaeagnus angustifolia L.	Russian olive											a		c		c	b	a
Hardwood Trees	Ficus altissima Blume	council tree												b
Hardwood Trees	Koelreuteria elegans formosana (Hayata) F.G. Mey.	flamegold												b
Hardwood Trees	Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit	white leadtree												b
Hardwood Trees	Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen	sapodilla												a
Hardwood Trees	Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake	melaleuca	a				a	a	a					a					a
Hardwood Trees	Melia azedarach L.	chinaberry										b	b	a	c		b		a
Hardwood Trees	Morus alba L.	white mulberry														b	c
Hardwood Trees	Murraya exotica L.	Chinese box												b
Hardwood Trees	Ochrosia elliptica Labill.	elliptic yellowwood												b
Hardwood Trees	Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud.	princesstree										b	b		a	b	b		a
Hardwood Trees	Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.	trifoliate orange											c
Hardwood Trees	Populus alba L.	white poplar													b	b	b
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis alpataco R. A. Philippi	alapataco	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis argentina Burkart	algarobilla	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis burkartii Muñoz	mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis caldenia Burkart	calden	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis calingastana Burkart	cusqui	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis campestris Griesbach	algarrobillo	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis castellanosii Burkart	mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis denudans Bentham	algarrobo patagonica	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart	algarrobillo	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis farcta (Banks & Soland.) J.F. Macbr.	Syrian mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis ferox Griesbach	churqui	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis fiebrigii Harms	mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis hassleri Harms ex Hassler	algarrobo paraguayo	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott	algarrobilla	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis kuntzei Harms ex Hassler	barbe de tigre	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kunth	kiawe	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis palmeri S. Watson	palo de hierro	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis rojasiana Burkart	mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart	mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis ruscifolia Griesbach	vinal	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.	albardon	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis spp. L.	mesquite					a	a	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis torquata (Cavan. ex Lagasca y Segura) DC.	lata	a
Hardwood Trees	Prosopis velutina Woot.	velvet mesquite	a
Hardwood Trees	Pyrus calleryana Dcne.	Callery pear (Bradford pear)											c
Hardwood Trees	Quercus acutissima Carruthers	sawtooth oak															b
Hardwood Trees	Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk.	rose myrtle							a					a				a	b
Hardwood Trees	Schefflera actinophylla (Endl.) H.A.T. Harms	octopus tree												a					b
Hardwood Trees	Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi	Brazilian peppertree							a					a					b
Hardwood Trees	Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels	Java plum												a
Hardwood Trees	Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston	Malabar plum												b
Hardwood Trees	Terminalia muelleri Benth.	Australian almond												b
Hardwood Trees	Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa	portia tree												a
Hardwood Trees	Triadica sebifera (L.) Small	Chinese tallowtree			a				a	a	a	a	a	a				a	a
Hardwood Trees	Ulmus pumila L.	Siberian elm															c
Hardwood Trees	Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy-Shaw	tungoil tree												a
Grass or Grasslike	Agrostis capillaris L.	colonial bentgrass															b
Grass or Grasslike	Agrostis gigantea Roth	redtop															c
Grass or Grasslike	Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. ex J.& K. Presl	tall oatgrass															c
Grass or Grasslike	Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino	small carpgrass													b	b	b	b
Grass or Grasslike	Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino	small carpgrass													b	b	b	b
Grass or Grasslike	Arundo donax L.	giant reed										b	b		c		b
Grass or Grasslike	Avena sterilis Linnaeus	animated oat	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus arvensis L.	field brome													b
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus catharticus Vahl	rescuegrass													c
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus inermis Leyss.	smooth brome													c	b		b
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus racemosus L.	meadow brome		a											b
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus secalinus L.	rye brome		a											b
Grass or Grasslike	Bromus tectorum L.	cheatgrass													b
Grass or Grasslike	Carex kobomugi Ohwi	Japanese sedge															c
Grass or Grasslike	Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.	golden false beardgrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers	bermudagrass		a								b
Grass or Grasslike	Cyperus entrerianus Boeckl.	deeprooted sedge											c
Grass or Grasslike	Cyperus involucratus Rottb	umbrella plant												b
Grass or Grasslike	Cyperus prolifer Lam	miniature flatsedge												b
Grass or Grasslike	Cyperus rotundus L.	nutgrass		a
Grass or Grasslike	Dactylis glomerata L.	orchardgrass															c
Grass or Grasslike	Digitaria abyssinica (A. Rich) Stapf	African couchgrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Digitaria velutina (Forsk.) Beauv.	velvet fingergrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv	barnyardgrass		a												c
Grass or Grasslike	Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.	Indian goosegrass														b
Grass or Grasslike	Elymus repens (L.) Gould	quackgrass															c
Grass or Grasslike	Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen	stinkgrass														c
Grass or Grasslike	Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees	weeping lovegrass											c				c	b
Grass or Grasslike	Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees	weeping lovegrass											c				c	b
Grass or Grasslike	Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E. Hubbard	limpograss												b
Grass or Grasslike	Holcus lanatus L.	common velvetgrass														c	b
Grass or Grasslike	Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees	West Indian marsh grass												a
Grass or Grasslike	Imperata brasiliensis Trinius	Brazilian satintail	a		c		a	a	a					a
Grass or Grasslike	Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.	cogongrass	a	a	a		a	a	a	a	a	b	c	a			c	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Ischaemum rugosum Salisbury	murainagrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees	Asian sprangletop	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Lolium pratense (Huds.) S.J. Darbyshire	meadow fescue													b
Grass or Grasslike	Lolium temulentum L.	Darnel ryegrass		a			a
Grass or Grasslike	Melinis minutiflora Beauv.	molassesgrass												b
Grass or Grasslike	Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka	rose Natal grass												b
Grass or Grasslike	Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus	Nepalese browntop				c						a	a		a	a	c	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.	Chinese silvergrass										b	b		b	a	c	b	a
Grass or Grasslike	Nassella trichotoma Hackel ex Arech.	serrated tussock grass	a	a			a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex A.S. Hitchc.	burmareed												a
Grass or Grasslike	Oryza longistaminata A. Chev. & Roehr.	longstamen rice	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Oryza punctata Kotzchy ex Steud.	red rice	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Oryza rufipogon Griffiths	brown-beard rice	a				a	a	a					a
Grass or Grasslike	Panicum repens L.	torpedograss				c						b		a				a
Grass or Grasslike	Paspalum notatum Flueggé	bahiagrass											b
Grass or Grasslike	Paspalum scrobiculatum Linnaeus	kodomillet	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.	kikuyugrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum macrourum Trinius	African feathergrass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum pedicellatum Trinius	Kyasuma grass	a				a		a					a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum pedicellatum unispiculum Brunken	Kyasuma grass	a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum polystachion (Linnaeus) Schultes	mission grass	a				a	a	a					a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum polystachion setosum (Sw.) Brunken	mission grass	a
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum purpureum Schumacher	elephant grass							a					a					b
Grass or Grasslike	Pennisetum setaceum (Forsk.) Chiov.	crimson fountaingrass												b
Grass or Grasslike	Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.	common reed				c	a					b	a		a	a	c
Grass or Grasslike	Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.	common reed				c	a					b	a		a	a	c
Grass or Grasslike	Poa annua L.	annual bluegrass														c
Grass or Grasslike	Poa compressa L.	Canada bluegrass														c	b
Grass or Grasslike	Poa pratensis L.	Kentucky bluegrass														b
Grass or Grasslike	Poa trivialis L.	rough bluegrass															b
Grass or Grasslike	Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W.D. Clayton	itchgrass	a	a	a		a	a	a			b
Grass or Grasslike	Saccharum spontaneum L.	wild sugarcane	a				a	a	a					a
Grass or Grasslike	Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub	tall fescue							a			b	b		b	c	b	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Setaria faberi Herrm.	giant foxtail		a											b	b	b
Grass or Grasslike	Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.	foxtail bristlegrass													b
Grass or Grasslike	Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes	yellow foxtail													b
Grass or Grasslike	Setaria pumila ssp. pallidefusca (Schumacher) B.K. Simon	cattail grass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.	green foxtail													b	b
Grass or Grasslike	Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.	johnsongrass		a						a		b	c		a	a	c	a
Grass or Grasslike	Urochloa mutica (Forsk.) T.Q. Nguyen	para grass												a
Grass or Grasslike	Urochloa panicoides Beauvois	liverseed grass	a				a	a	a
Grass or Grasslike	Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash ex Small	vetivergrass																b
Forbs/Herbs	Acroptilon repens (L.) DC.	Russian knapweed					a
Forbs/Herbs	Aeginetia indica L.	ye gu	a
Forbs/Herbs	Aeginetia spp. L.	aeginetia	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Aeschynomene virginica (L.) B.S.P	Virginia jointvetch		a					a
Forbs/Herbs	Agave sisalana Perrine	sisal												b
Forbs/Herbs	Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) King & H.E. Robins.	crofton weed	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Agrostemma githago L	common corncockle		a			a
Forbs/Herbs	Ajuga reptans L.	common bugle															c
Forbs/Herbs	Alectra fluminensis (Vell.) Stearn	yerba de hierro	a
Forbs/Herbs	Alectra spp. Thunb.	alectra	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande	garlic mustard				a							c		a	a	c	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Allium spp. L.	onion		c
Forbs/Herbs	Allium vineale L.	wild garlic													c		b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Arctium minus Bernh.	lesser burrdock														b
Forbs/Herbs	Arenaria serpyllifolia L.	thymeleaf sandwort														c
Forbs/Herbs	Artemisia vulgaris L.	common wormwood													b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Asphodelus fistulosus Linnaeus	onionweed	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f.	garden yellowrocket														c
Forbs/Herbs	Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M. Johnston	corn gromwell													c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Callisia fragrans (Lindl.) Woods	basketplant												b
Forbs/Herbs	Carduus acanthoides L.	spiny plumeless thistle						b
Forbs/Herbs	Carduus nutans L.	musk thistle						b				b	b		b	a	b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Carthamus oxyacanthus M. Bieberstein	wild safflower	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Centaurea cyanus L.	garden cornflower													c
Forbs/Herbs	Centaurea jacea L.	brown knapweed															b
Forbs/Herbs	Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek	spotted knapweed													b	b	c
Forbs/Herbs	Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek	spotted knapweed													b	b	c
Forbs/Herbs	Centaurea transalpina Schleich. ex DC.	alpine knapweed															c
Forbs/Herbs	Chenopodium album L	lambsquarters														c
Forbs/Herbs	Chenopodium ambrosioides L.	Mexican tea														c
Forbs/Herbs	Cichorium intybus L.	chicory													a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.	Canada thistle						b							b	b	c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.	bull thistle											b		b		b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Cnicus benedictus L.	blessed thistle					a
Forbs/Herbs	Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott	coco yam, wild taro											c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Commelina benghalensis L.	Benghal dayflower	a		c		a	a	a			b	c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Commelina benghalensis L.	Benghal dayflower	a		c		a	a	a			b	c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Commelina communis L.	Asiatic dayflower														c	c
Forbs/Herbs	Conium maculatum L.	poison hemlock													b	c	c
Forbs/Herbs	Crassula helmsii A. Berger	swamp stonecrop						a
Forbs/Herbs	Crotalaria spp. L.	rattlebox		a
Forbs/Herbs	Cruciata pedemontana (Bellardi) Ehrend.	piedmont bedstraw														a
Forbs/Herbs	Crupina vulgaris Cass.	common crupina	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Daucus carota L.	Queen Anne's lace, wild carrot										b	c		b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Dianthus armeria L.	Deptford pink carnation														c
Forbs/Herbs	Dipsacus fullonum L.	common teasel													b
Forbs/Herbs	Dipsacus fullonum L.	common teasel													b
Forbs/Herbs	Dipsacus fullonum sylvestris (Huds.) Clapham	Fuller's teasel														b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Dipsacus laciniatus L.	cutleaf teasel													b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Drymaria arenarioides Humboldt & Bonpland	sandwort drymary	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke	Indian strawberry														c
Forbs/Herbs	Emex australis Steinhall	three-cornered jack	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Emex spinosa (Linnaeus) Campdera	devil's thorn	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Eschscholzia californica Cham	California poppy													a
Forbs/Herbs	Euphorbia esula L.	leafy spurge															c
Forbs/Herbs	Euphorbia heterophylla L	Mexican fireplant					a		a
Forbs/Herbs	Fatoua villosa (Thunb.) Nakai	mulberryweed				c									c
Forbs/Herbs	Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill.	sweet fennel															b
Forbs/Herbs	Galega officinalis L.	goatsrue	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Glechoma hederacea L.	ground ivy													c	b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Helianthus ciliaris DC.	Texas blueweed		a			a
Forbs/Herbs	Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.	orange daylily														c
Forbs/Herbs	Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier	giant hogweed	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Hesperis matronalis L.	damesrocket													b
Forbs/Herbs	Homeria spp. N/A	cape tulip	a					a
Forbs/Herbs	Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T. Anders.	miramar weed	a				a	a	a					a
Forbs/Herbs	Hypericum perforatum L.	common St. Johnswort														c
Forbs/Herbs	Indigofera hirsuta L.	roughhairy indigo																	b
Forbs/Herbs	Iris pseudacorus L.	yellowflag iris													c		b
Forbs/Herbs	Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino	Korean clover													c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino	Korean clover													c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.	Japanese clover													c	b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.	Japanese clover													c	b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Lactuca saligna L.	willowleaf lettuce														c
Forbs/Herbs	Lamium amplexicaule L.	henbit deadnettle														c
Forbs/Herbs	Lapsana communis L.	common nipplewort															c
Forbs/Herbs	Leonurus cardiaca L.	common motherwort														c
Forbs/Herbs	Lespedeza thunbergii (DC.) Nakai	Thunberg's lespedeza														c
Forbs/Herbs	Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.	oxeye daisy													c
Forbs/Herbs	Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume	Asian marshweed	a				a	a						b
Forbs/Herbs	Liriope muscari (Dcne.) Bailey	monkeygrass											c
Forbs/Herbs	Lotus corniculatus L.	birdsfoot trefoil															c
Forbs/Herbs	Lysimachia nummularia L.	creeping jenny													b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Lythrum salicaria L.	purple loosestrife		a		b	a	b		a			c		a	a	c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Medicago lupulina L.	black medick														c
Forbs/Herbs	Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.	yellow sweetclover													b	a	c
Forbs/Herbs	Mentha x piperita L. (pro sp.)	peppermint														b
Forbs/Herbs	Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms	arrowleaf false pickerelweed	a				a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) K. Presl ex Kunth	heartshape false pickerelweed	a				a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim.	miniature beefsteakplant														b
Forbs/Herbs	Nepeta cataria L.	catnip														c
Forbs/Herbs	Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl.	monk orchid												b
Forbs/Herbs	Ornithogalum umbellatum L.	star-of-Bethlehem				c			a						c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Oxalis stricta L.	common yellow oxalis														c
Forbs/Herbs	Pastinaca sativa L.	wild parsnip													c		c
Forbs/Herbs	Perilla frutesceus (L.) Britt.	beefsteakplant															c
Forbs/Herbs	Phyllanthus tenellus Roxb.	Mascarene Island leaf-flower				c							c
Forbs/Herbs	Phyllanthus urinaria L.	chamber bitter				c							c
Forbs/Herbs	Plantago aristata Michx.	largebracted plantain		a
Forbs/Herbs	Plantago lanceolata L.	narrowleaf plantain		a
Forbs/Herbs	Polygonum caespitosum Blume	oriental ladysthumb													b	b	b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc.	Japanese knotweed				c						b	b		a	a	c	a
Forbs/Herbs	Polygonum persicaria L.	spotted ladysthumb													c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Potentilla recta L.	sulphur cinquefoil														c
Forbs/Herbs	Prunella vulgaris L.	common selfheal														a
Forbs/Herbs	Ranunculus bulbosus L.	St. Anthony's turnip														c
Forbs/Herbs	Ranunculus ficaria L.	fig buttercup															c
Forbs/Herbs	Raphanus raphanistrum L.	wild radish															b
Forbs/Herbs	Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Bess.	creeping yellowcress						b
Forbs/Herbs	Rumex acetosella L.	red sorrel														c	b
Forbs/Herbs	Rumex crispus L.	curly dock															b
Forbs/Herbs	Rumex spp. L.	dock		a
Forbs/Herbs	Salsola vermiculata L.	shrubby Russian thistle	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L.) Druce	iguanatail												b
Forbs/Herbs	Senecio madagascariensis Poir.	Madagascar ragwort	a
Forbs/Herbs	Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby	sicklepod															c
Forbs/Herbs	Sesbania herbacea (P. Mill.) McVaugh	bigpod sesbania		a
Forbs/Herbs	Solanum carolinense L.	Carolina horsenettle		a
Forbs/Herbs	Solanum diphyllum L.	twoleaf nightshade												b
Forbs/Herbs	Solanum elaeagnifolium Cavanaugh	silverleaf nightshade		a
Forbs/Herbs	Solanum jamaicense P. Mill.	Jamaican nightshade												b
Forbs/Herbs	Solanum torvum Sw.	turkey berry	a				a	a	a					a
Forbs/Herbs	Sparganium erectum stoloniferum (Graebn.) Hara	simplestem bur-reed	a
Forbs/Herbs	Spermacoce alata Aubl.	winged false buttonweed	a				a	a	a
Forbs/Herbs	Stachys floridana Shuttlw. ex Benth.	Florida hedgenettle						b
Forbs/Herbs	Stellaria media ssp. pallida (Dumort.) Asch. & Graebn.	common chickweed														b	b
Forbs/Herbs	Stratiotes aloides L.	water soldiers				c
Forbs/Herbs	Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link	spreading hedgeparsley													b
Forbs/Herbs	Tradescantia fluminensis Vell.	small-leaf spiderwort												a
Forbs/Herbs	Tradescantia spathacea Sw.	boatlily												a
Forbs/Herbs	Tragopogon dubius Scop.	yellow salsify													c
Forbs/Herbs	Tridax procumbens L.	coatbuttons	a				a	a	a					a
Forbs/Herbs	Tussilago farfara L.	coltsfoot				a									b
Forbs/Herbs	Urena lobata L.	Caesarweed												b
Forbs/Herbs	Urtica dioica L.	stinging nettle													c
Forbs/Herbs	Verbascum thapsus L.	common mullein													b
Forbs/Herbs	Verbena bonariensis L.	purpletop vervain										b
Forbs/Herbs	Verbena brasiliensis Vell.	Brazilian vervain																a
Forbs/Herbs	Veronica hederifolia L.	ivyleaf speedwell															b
Forbs/Herbs	Vicia sativa L.	garden vetch													b
Forbs/Herbs	Xanthium spinosum L.	spiny cockleburr													c
Forbs/Herbs	Xanthium spp. L.	cocklebur		a
Forbs/Herbs	Xanthium strumarium L.	common cocklebur													b		b
Forbs/Herbs	Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott	arrowleaf elephant's ear												b
Ferns	Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl	narrow swordfern												a					b
Ferns	Nephrolepis multiflora (Roxb.) Jarrett ex Morton	Asian swordfern												a
Ferns	Pteris vittata L.	ladder brake												b
Ferns	Tectaria incisa Cav.	incised halberd fern												a
Crops	Oryza sativa L.	rice		a			a
Crops	Phleum pratense L.	timothy						a								c	c
Conifer Trees	Pinus thunbergiana Franco																c
Cactus	Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley	jointed prickly pear	a				a	a	a
Aquatic	Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.	alligatorweed		a		c	a			a	a	b		b	b		c	b
Aquatic	Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.	sessile joyweed	a				a	a	a					a
Aquatic	Azolla pinnata R. Brown	feathered mosquitofern	a				a	a
Aquatic	Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardth	Mediterranean clone of caulerpa	a				a	a
Aquatic	Egeria densa Planch.	Brazilian egeria				c	a								c		b	b
Aquatic	Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth	anchored waterhyacinth	a	a			a	a
Aquatic	Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms	waterhyacinth		a		c	a			a		b		a				a
Aquatic	Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle	hydrilla	a		a		a	a			a	a		a	b		c	a
Aquatic	Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss	oxygen weed	a				a	a
Aquatic	Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Maz.	marsh dewflower											a		b		c
Aquatic	Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.	parrotfeather watermilfoil				c					a	b			b		c
Aquatic	Myriophyllum spicatum L.	Eurasian watermilfoil				d	a	b						b	a		c	b
Aquatic	Najas minor All.	brittleleaf naiad				d	a
Aquatic	Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) O. Ktze.	crested floating heart												b
Aquatic	Ottelia alismoides (Linnaeus) Pers.	duck-lettuce	a				a	a
Aquatic	Pistia stratiotes L.	waterlettuce				c	a							a				b
Aquatic	Potamogeton crispus L.	curlyleaf pondweed				c									b
Aquatic	Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek														b	b
Aquatic	Sagittaria sagittifolia Linnaeus	Hawaii arrowhead	a				a	a
Aquatic	Salvinia auriculata Aublet	eared salvinia	a				a	a				b
Aquatic	Salvinia biloba Raddi	lobed salvinia	a				a	a				b
Aquatic	Salvinia herzogii de la Sota	Herzog salvinia	a				a	a				b
Aquatic	Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell	giant salvinia	a		a		a	a				b		a				a
Aquatic	Salvinia spp. Séguier	watermoss
Aquatic	Sparganium erectum L.	exotic bur-reed	a				a	a
Aquatic	Spirodela punctata (G.F.W. Mey.) C.H. Thompson	dotted duckmeat
Aquatic	Trapa natans L.	water chestnut				c	a	a									c


					Invasive.org is a joint project of The Bugwood Network, USDA Forest Service and USDA APHIS PPQ. The University of Georgia - Warnell School of Forest Resources and College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Dept. of Entomology Last updated on Monday, January 23, 2006 at 04:51 PM Questions and/or comments to the