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第6卷第1期,2009年1月

工具及手段
開發家族史篩檢工具「家族健康軟體」,以預防常見慢性病


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Paula W. Yoon, ScD, MPH, Maren T. Scheuner, MD, MPH, Cynthia Jorgensen, DrPH, Muin J. Khoury, MD, PhD

建議在引用本文時註明下列出處:由 Yoon PW, Scheuner MT, Jorgensen C, Khoury MJ. 所著的《開發家族史篩檢工具「家族健康軟體」,以預防常見慢性病》[摘要]。刊載於《慢性疾病預防》2009;6(1)[網上期刊]。 http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/
issues/2009/
jan/07_0268_zht.htm
。登錄[ 日期]。

摘要

家族健康史反映遺傳、環境和行為因素的影響,是冠心病、癌症和糖尿病等多種疾病的重要風險因素。2004 年,疾病控制和預防中心 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) 開發了一項家庭健康軟體 (Family Healthware),這是一項基於 Web 的新型互動工具,可用於評估 6 種疾病 (冠心病、中風、糖尿病、結直腸癌、乳癌及卵巢癌) 的家族風險,並提供一項「預防計畫」以及改變生活方式和篩檢的個人化建議。該工具收集有關健康行為、篩檢測試和個人一級親屬和二級親屬的病史等資料。軟體中的運算法則依據患病親戚的人數、發病年齡、性別、親屬彼此之間以及與用戶之間的關係有多近,以及家族中各種疾病的綜合情況,來分析家族史資料並評估家族風險。第二套運算法則運用有關家族風險程度、健康行為和篩檢等資料,來生成個人化的預防訊息。對家族史和遺傳學的外行認識做定性和定量形成性研究,有助於塑造該工具的內容、標籤和訊息。基於實驗室的可用性檢驗有助於完善訊息和工具的導航。該工具正接受 3 個學術中心的評估,他們運用基層醫護診所網絡,確定針對家族風險量身訂製的個人化預防訊息是否會促使臨危人群改變其生活方式或篩檢行為。

 



 



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