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Contents ANNOTATED TABLE OF CONTENTS 00 PREFACE 00 CONTRIBUTORS 00 CONFLICT, SECURITY, AND TERRORISM</B> 1 North Korean Crisis 00</B> Does North Korea's Nuclear Program Pose an Immediate Threat to the United States? 00 Should the United States Hold Bilateral Talks With North Korea? 00 Should the United States Consider Military Action to Halt North Korea's Nuclear Program? 00 Background 00 Korea's Roots 00 Korean War 00 Military Ambitions 00 Hardship and Repression 00 Agreed Framework 00 Current Situation 00 Bush's About-Face 00 Pyongyang's Response 00 Policy Debate 00 Outlook: Iraq War's Impact 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 2 Weapons of Mass Destruction 00</B> Do Terrorists Already Possess Weapons of Mass Destruction? 0 Should Individual Americans Try to Reduce the Risk of Exposure to Weapons of Mass Destruction? 00 Will the Administration's Proposed Defenses Against Weapons of Mass Destruction be Effective? 00 Background 00 Germ Warfare 00 Anti-Proliferation Efforts 00 Impact of Gulf War 00 "Dark Winter" 00 Current Situation 00 Anthrax Lessons 00 Budget Increases 00 Vaccine Controversy 00 Outlook: State's Role 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 3 Future of NATO 45</B> Is NATO Still Relevant? 00 Should America's Allies Assume a Stronger Military Role Within NATO? 00 Will NATO's Expansion Strengthen the Alliance? 00 Background 00 Cold War Alliance 00 Changing Vision 00 Current Situation 00 Threat of Terrorism 00 Prague Summit 00 Crisis Over Iraq 00 Outlook 00 Political Fallout 00 Two Paths? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 4 New Defense Priorities 00</B> Should the United States Embrace the Preemptive-strike Doctrine? 001 Should the Pentagon Play a Bigger Role in Homeland Security? 00 Would a National Missile-defense System Protect the United States? 00 Background 00 Post-Cold War Shift 00 Clinton's Changes 00 Bush's Priorities 00 Current Situation 00 Afghanistan Victory 00 Defense Budget 00 Outlook: Lessons from Iraq 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 5 Policing the Borders 00/B> Can the United States Track Foreign Visitors Effectively? 00 Can the United States Keep Weapons of Mass Destruction Out of the Country? 00 Should Lawmakers Create a New Border Security Agency? 00 Background 00 Open-Door Policy 00 Federal Controls 00 Growing Concern 00 Sweeping New Laws 00 Current Situation 00 Administration Action 00 Congress Responds 00 Outlook: Civil Liberties 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY</B> 6 Oil Diplomacy 00</B> Is American Concern about Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq a Smokescreen for a Grab for Iraq's oil? 00 Should Saudi Arabia be Held More Accountable for its Role in the Spread of Islamic Fundamentalism? 00 Can the United States Greatly Reduce its Dependence on Persian Gulf oil? 00 Background 00 Strategic Commodity 00 '73 Oil Embargo 00 More Instability 00 Persian Gulf Crisis 00 Current Situation 00 Sept. 11 Aftermath 00 U.S.-Saudi Relations 00 Outlook 00 Oil Diversification 00 Iraqi Wild Card 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 7 Japan in Crisis 00</B> Is Substantial Economic Reform Possible Under Japan's Current Political System? 00 Should the Japanese Military be Allowed to Engage in Combat Missions Overseas? 00 Should Japan do More to Atone for its Wartime Past? 00 Background 00 The Rising Sun 00 Imperial Overreach 00 World War II 00 Post-War Recovery 00 Economic Dynamo 00 Current Situation 00 An Important Friendship 00 Economic Trouble 00 Outlook: Epic Crisis Ahead? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 8 Foreign Aid After Sept. 11 00</B> Would Boosting U.S. Foreign Aid Help to Combat Terrorism? 00 Is Foreign Aid a Waste of Taxpayer Dollars? 00 Does U.S. Foreign Aid Go to the Most Effective Programs? 00 Background 00 The Marshall Plan 00 Reform Efforts 00 U.S. Aid Programs 00 Current Situation 00 Appeals for Aid 00 Bush's Priorities 00 International Response 00 Outlook: Hot Issues 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 DEMOCRATIZATION</B> 9 Rebuilding Iraq 00</B> Can Iraq be Transformed Into a Stable, Pro-Western Democracy? 00 Should the U.N. Play a Greater Role in Iraq's Reconstruction? 00 Should Baath Party Members be Purged from the Civil Service and Other Public Positions? 00 Background 00 Nation Building 00 Afghanistan 00 From Garner to Bremer 00 Current Situation 00 Security Troubles 00 Iraq's Infrastructure 00 Outlook: Too Soon to Tell 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 10 Emerging India 00</B> Is India's Commitment to Secularism and Pluralism Waning? 00 Should Kashmir be Allowed to Secede from India? 00 Should India Have a Permanent Seat on the U.N. Security Council? 00 Background 00 5,000 Years of History 00 The Raj 00 Fight for Independence 00 A New Nation 00 Current Situation 00 Economic Reform 00 U.S.-Indian Relations 00 Outlook: A New Superpower? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 11 Trouble in South America 00</B> Are IMF Policies Partly Responsible for South America's Current Economic Woes? 00 Is South America in Danger of Retreating from the Democratic Gains Made Since the Early 1980s? 00 Should the United States Continue Aiding Colombia's Fight Against Leftist Guerrillas? 00 Background 00 Discovery and Conquest 00 Push for Independence 00 New Troubles 00 Relations With U.S. 00 Current Situation 00 Free-Trade Proposal 00 Shaky Economics 00 Fighting Poverty 00 Outlook: New Leaders 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 12 Aiding Africa 00</B> Should the U.S. Intervene Militarily in Africa to Stop Wars and Humanitarian Crises? 00 Will Africa's Recent Democratic Gains be Sustained and Expanded? 00 Is the Foreign Aid that Goes to Africa Generally Effective? 00 Background 00 Out of Imperialism 00 The Cold War 00 New Hope 00 Current Situation 00 Slow Growth 00 New Optimism 00 Outlook: Bleak Future? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 HUMAN RIGHTS</B> 13 Torture 00</B> Is the United States Torturing Suspected Terrorists? 00 Does Torture Extract Reliable Information from Uncooperative Suspects? 00 Should Foreign Leaders Whose Governments Practice Torture be Subject to Arrest? 00 Background 00 Ancient Practice 00 Reform Campaign 00 20th-Century Horrors 00 International Law 00 Current Situation 00 Authoritarian Tool 00 Post-War Iraq 00 U.S. Methods 00 Outlook: Human Nature? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 14 Ethics of War 00</B> Would an Invasion of Iraq be a "Just War"? 00 Are the Detainees at Guantanamo Bay Entitled to Prisoner-of-war status? 00 Background 00 Ancient Rules of War 00 World Wars 00 Current Situation 00 International Court 00 Outlook: More Brutal Wars? 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT</B> 15 Bush and the Environment 00</B> Should Basic Environmental Laws be Revised to Reflect Economic Priorities? 00 Will the Administration's Proposed Clean-air Measures Improve Air Quality? 00 Would Giving Timber Companies Greater Access to National Forests Help Reduce Wildfire Damage? 00 Background 00 Status Report 00 Air Quality 00 Water Quality 00 Toxic Waste 00 Public Land 00 Endangered Species 00 Current Situation 00 Energy Strategy 00 Initiatives in Congress 00 Regulatory Review 00 Outlook: Election Impact 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00 16 Fighting SARS 00</B> Should WHO Intervene in Countries that Fail to Halt the Spread of Infectious Diseases? 00 Would Americans Accept Draconian Measures to Stop the Spread of a Deadly Epidemic? 00 Can the Public-health System Protect Americans from Infectious Diseases? 00 Background 00 Early Response 00 Technology Prevails 00 New Diseases 00 Threat of Bioterrorism 00 Current Situation 00 SARS Outbreak 00 SARS Update 00 U.S. Reprieve 00 Bush Response 00 Outlook 00 Promising Research 00 SARS Proposal 00 Notes 00 Bibliography 00
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Globalization, International relations, Security, International