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Table 2-1: Transportation Fatalities by Mode
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TOTAL
fatalities |
U |
U |
U |
U |
U |
U |
47,347 |
44,320 |
(R)
42,058 |
(R)
42,827 |
(R)
43,587 |
(R)
44,568 |
(R)
44,848 |
(R)
44,474 |
(R)
43,910 |
(R)
44,084 |
(R)
44,384 |
(R)
44,941 |
(R)
45,299 |
44,891 |
U |
Air |
|
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U.S.
air carriera |
499 |
261 |
146 |
124 |
1 |
526 |
39 |
(n) 50 |
33 |
1 |
239 |
168 |
380 |
8 |
1 |
12 |
92 |
531 |
0 |
22 |
(P) 14 |
Commuter
carrierb |
N |
N |
N |
28 |
37 |
37 |
6 |
(n) 77 |
21 |
24 |
25 |
9 |
14 |
46 |
0 |
12 |
5 |
13 |
0 |
2 |
(P) 0 |
On-demand
air taxic |
N |
N |
N |
69 |
105 |
76 |
51 |
78 |
68 |
42 |
63 |
52 |
63 |
39 |
45 |
38 |
71 |
60 |
35 |
(R) 42 |
(P) 65 |
General
aviationd |
787 |
1,029 |
1,310 |
1,252 |
1,239 |
956 |
767 |
799 |
867 |
744 |
730 |
735 |
636 |
631 |
(R) 625 |
619 |
596 |
562 |
581 |
(R) 632 |
(P) 556 |
Highway,
total |
36,399 |
47,089 |
52,627 |
44,525 |
51,091 |
43,825 |
44,599 |
41,508 |
39,250 |
40,150 |
40,716 |
41,817 |
(o)
42,065 |
42,013 |
41,501 |
41,717 |
41,945 |
42,196 |
(R)
43,005 |
42,643 |
U |
Passenger
car occupants |
N |
N |
N |
25,929 |
27,449 |
23,212 |
24,092 |
22,385 |
21,387 |
21,566 |
21,997 |
22,423 |
22,505 |
22,199 |
21,194 |
20,862 |
20,699 |
20,320 |
(R)
20,569 |
19,460 |
U |
Motorcyclists |
790 |
1,650 |
2,280 |
3,189 |
5,144 |
4,564 |
3,244 |
2,806 |
2,395 |
2,449 |
2,320 |
2,227 |
2,161 |
2,116 |
2,294 |
2,483 |
2,897 |
3,197 |
(R)
3,270 |
3,661 |
U |
Truck
occupantse, light |
N |
N |
N |
4,856 |
7,486 |
6,689 |
8,601 |
8,391 |
8,098 |
8,511 |
8,904 |
9,568 |
9,932 |
10,249 |
10,705 |
11,265 |
11,526 |
11,723 |
(R)
12,274 |
12,444 |
U |
Truck
occupantse, large |
N |
N |
N |
961 |
1,262 |
977 |
705 |
661 |
585 |
605 |
670 |
648 |
621 |
723 |
742 |
759 |
754 |
708 |
(R) 689 |
723 |
U |
Bus
occupants |
N |
N |
N |
53 |
46 |
57 |
32 |
31 |
28 |
18 |
18 |
33 |
21 |
18 |
38 |
59 |
22 |
34 |
45 |
40 |
U |
Pedestrians |
7,210 |
7,990 |
8,950 |
7,516 |
8,070 |
6,808 |
6,482 |
5,801 |
5,549 |
5,649 |
5,489 |
5,584 |
5,449 |
5,321 |
5,228 |
4,939 |
4,763 |
4,901 |
(R)
4,851 |
4,749 |
U |
Pedalcyclists |
490 |
690 |
760 |
1,003 |
965 |
890 |
859 |
843 |
723 |
816 |
802 |
833 |
765 |
814 |
760 |
754 |
693 |
732 |
(R) 665 |
622 |
U |
Otherf |
27,909 |
36,759 |
40,637 |
1,018 |
669 |
628 |
584 |
590 |
485 |
536 |
516 |
501 |
609 |
573 |
540 |
596 |
591 |
581 |
(R) 642 |
944 |
U |
Railroad,
totalg |
2,345 |
2,533 |
2,225 |
1,492 |
1,417 |
1,036 |
1,297 |
1,194 |
1,170 |
1,279 |
1,226 |
1,146 |
1,039 |
1,063 |
1,008 |
932 |
937 |
971 |
951 |
(R)
865 |
(P)
896 |
Highway-rail
grade crossingh |
1,421 |
1,610 |
1,440 |
917 |
833 |
582 |
698 |
608 |
579 |
626 |
615 |
579 |
488 |
461 |
431 |
402 |
425 |
421 |
357 |
(R) 334 |
(P) 368 |
Railroad |
924 |
923 |
785 |
575 |
584 |
454 |
599 |
586 |
591 |
653 |
611 |
567 |
551 |
602 |
577 |
530 |
512 |
550 |
594 |
(R) 533 |
(P) 530 |
Transit,
totali |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
339 |
300 |
273 |
281 |
320 |
274 |
264 |
275 |
286 |
299 |
295 |
267 |
280 |
234 |
U |
Highway-rail
grade crossingj |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
17 |
7 |
12 |
26 |
21 |
20 |
13 |
24 |
21 |
U |
Transit |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
257 |
257 |
263 |
260 |
278 |
275 |
254 |
256 |
213 |
U |
Waterborne,
totalk |
N |
N |
2,016 |
2,039 |
1,847 |
1,377 |
1,051 |
1,010 |
(R) 1,032 |
(R) 1,026 |
(R) 992 |
(R) 1,016 |
(R) 906 |
(R) 989 |
(R) 1,033 |
(R) 928 |
(R) 888 |
(R) 828 |
(R) 886 |
(R) 830 |
U |
Vessel-relatedl |
N |
N |
178 |
243 |
206 |
131 |
85 |
30 |
(R) 97 |
(R) 105 |
(R) 77 |
(R) 53 |
(R) 55 |
(R) 48 |
(R) 69 |
(R) 58 |
(R) 53 |
(R) 53 |
(R) 62 |
(R) 53 |
36 |
Not
related to vessel casualtiesl |
N |
N |
420 |
330 |
281 |
130 |
101 |
56 |
(R) 119 |
(R) 121 |
(R) 131 |
(R) 134 |
(R) 142 |
(R) 120 |
(R) 149 |
(R) 136 |
(R) 134 |
(R) 94 |
(R) 74 |
(R) 74 |
57 |
Recreational
boatingm |
739 |
1,360 |
1,418 |
1,466 |
1,360 |
1,116 |
865 |
924 |
816 |
800 |
784 |
829 |
709 |
821 |
815 |
734 |
701 |
681 |
750 |
703 |
U |
Pipeline,
total |
N |
N |
30 |
15 |
19 |
33 |
9 |
14 |
15 |
17 |
22 |
21 |
53 |
10 |
21 |
22 |
38 |
7 |
12 |
12 |
23 |
Hazardous
liquid pipeline |
N |
N |
4 |
7 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
0 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
5 |
Gas
pipeline |
N |
N |
26 |
8 |
15 |
28 |
6 |
14 |
10 |
17 |
21 |
18 |
48 |
10 |
19 |
18 |
37 |
7 |
11 |
12 |
18 |
KEY: N = data do not exist; P =
preliminary; R = revised; U = data are not available.
a Carriers
operating under 14 CFR 121, all scheduled and nonscheduled service. Since Mar. 20, 1997, 14 CFR 121 include
aircraft with 10 or more seats that formerly operated under 14 CFR 135. This
change makes it difficult to compare pre-1997 data for 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR
135 with more recent data. In 2001, other than the persons aboard the
aircrafts who were killed, fatalities resulting from the September 11
terrorist acts are excluded.
b All
scheduled service operating under 14 CFR 135 (commuter air carriers). Before
Mar. 20, 1997, 14 CFR 135 applied to aircraft with 30 or fewer seats. Since
Mar. 20, 1997, 14 CFR 135 includes only aircraft with fewer than 10 seats. This change makes it difficult to compare
pre-1997 data for 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR 135
with more recent data.
c Nonscheduled
service operating under 14 CFR 135 (on-demand air taxis). d All
operations other than those operating under 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR 135.
e Large
trucks are defined as trucks over 10,000 pounds gross vehicle weight rating,
including single-unit trucks and truck tractors. Light trucks are defined as
trucks of 10,000 pounds gross vehicle weight rating or less, including
pickups, vans, truck-based station wagons, and utility vehicles.
f Includes
occupants of other vehicle types and other nonmotorists. For 1960-70, the
U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration did not break out fatality data to the same level of detail as
in later years, so fatalities for those years also include occupants of
passenger cars, trucks, and buses.
g Includes
Amtrak. Fatalities include those resulting from train accidents, train
incidents, and nontrain incidents. Railroad fatality data for 1970 and before
is not comparable with post-1970 data due to a change in the reporting
system.
h Fatalities
occurring at highway-rail crossings resulting from freight and passenger rail
operations including commuter rail. Highway-rail grade crossing fatalities,
except train occupants, are also counted under highway.
i Fatalities
include those resulting from all reportable incidents, not just from
accidents. Directly Operated (DO) modes only.
j Includes
motor bus, commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, demand response, van pool,
and automated guideway. Fatalities occurring at highway-rail crossings resulting
from operations of public transit rail modes including commuter rail. Data
for fatalities at light rail grade crossings are: 1995 (7); 1996 (3); 1997
(3); 1998 (10); 1999 (7); 2000 (12); 2001 (1); 2002 (1); 2003 (4); 2004
(9).
k Vessel-related
casualties include those involving damage to vessels such as collisions or
groundings. Fatalities not related to vessel casualties include deaths from
falling overboard or from accidents involving onboard equipment.
l 1992-97
data come from the Marine Safety Management Information System. Between 1998
and 2001 the U.S. Coast Guard phased in a new computer system to track safety
data, the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement System. During
that period data come from combining entries in the Marine Safety Management
Information System with entries in the Marine Information for Safety and Law
Enforcement System. Data for 2002 and 2003 come from the Marine Information
for Safety and Law Enforcement System.
Data for prior years come from other sources and may not be directly
comparable.
m Data
are based on information provided by the States, the District of Columbia and
the five U.S. Territories to the Coast Guard Boating Accident Report Database
(BARD) system. Research on the level
of underreporting of fatal accidents in the BARD, based on discrepancies
between the BARD and the Coast Guard Search and Rescue Management Information
System (SARMIS), found that approximately 6 percent of recreational boating
fatalities are not captured by the BARD system. Adjusting the number of recreational
boating fatalities included in the BARD in 2001 by 6 percent increases the
total to 722.
n U.S.
air carrier figure does not include 12 persons killed aboard a commuter
aircraft when it and a US Air airliner collided; commuter air carrier figure
does not include 22 persons killed aboard a US Air airliner when it and a
commuter aircraft collided.
o Includes
2 fatalities that have not been assigned to a specific vehicle type.
p Other
than the persons aboard the aircraft who were killed, fatalities resulting
from the September 11 terrorist acts are excluded.
NOTES
Numbers
may not add to the total because some fatalities are counted in more than one
mode. Total fatalities is derived from table 2-4 and earlier editions of this
table. To avoid double counting, the following adjustments are made: most
(not all) highway-rail grade-crossing fatalities have not been added because
most (not all) such fatalities involve motor vehicles and, thus, are already
included in highway fatalities; for transit, all commuter rail fatalities and
motor-bus, trolley-bus, demand-responsive, and van-pool fatalities arising
from accidents have been subtracted because they are counted as railroad,
highway, or highway-rail grade-crossing fatalities. The reader cannot reproduce the total
fatalities in this table by simply leaving out the number of highway-rail
grade-crossing fatalitites in the sum and subtracting the above transit
submodes, because in so doing, grade-crossing fatalities not involving motor
vehicles would be left out (see table 2-35 on rail). An example of such a
fatality is a bicyclist hit by a train at a grade crossing.
Caution
must be exercised in comparing fatalities across modes because significantly
different definitions are used. In
particular, rail and transit fatalities include incident-related (as distinct
from accident-related) fatalities, such as fatalities from falls in transit
stations or railroad employee fatalities from a fire in a workshed.
Equivalent fatalities for the air and highway modes (fatalities at airports
not caused by moving aircraft or fatalities from accidents in automobile
repair shops) are not counted toward the totals for these modes. Thus, fatalities not necessarily directly
related to in service transportation are counted for the transit and rail
modes, potentially overstating the risk for these modes.
The
Federal Railroad Administration defines a grade crossing as a location where
a public highway, road, street, or private roadway, including associated
sidewalks and pathways, crosses one or more railroad tracks at grade. The
Federal Transit Adminstration defines two types of grade crossings: (1) At
grade, mixed, and cross traffic crossings, meaning railway right-of-way over
which other traffic moving in the same direction or other cross directions
may pass. This includes city street right-of-way; (2) At grade with cross
traffic crossings, meaning railway right-of-way over which no other traffic
may pass, except to cross at grade-level crossings. This can include median
strip rights-of-way with grade level crossings at intersecting streets.
SOURCES
Air:
1960: National Transportation Safety
Board, Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data:
U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 1967 (Washington, DC: December 1968).
1965-70: Ibid.,
Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations,
Calendar Year 1975, NTSB/ARC-77/1
(Washington, DC: January 1977).
1975: Ibid., Annual
Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year
1983, NTSB/ARC-87/01 (Washington, DC:
February 1987), table 18.
1980: Ibid., Annual
Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year
1981, NTSB/ARC-85/01 (Washington, DC:
February 1985), tables 2 and 16.
1985-2004:
Ibid., Internet site www.ntsb.gov/aviation, table 5 as of Mar. 30, 2005.
Commuter:
1975-80: National Transportation Safety
Board, Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data:
U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 1980, NTSB/ARC-83/01 (Washington, DC: January 1983), tables 26
and 40.
1985-2004:
Ibid., Internet site www.ntsb.gov/aviation, table 8 as of Mar. 30, 2005.
On-demand air taxi:
1975-80: National Transportation Safety
Board, Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier
Operations, Calendar Year 1981, NTSB/ARC-85/01
(Washington, DC: February 1985), table 61.
1985-2004: Ibid., Internet site
www.ntsb.gov/aviation, table 9 as of Mar. 30, 2005.
General aviation:
1960-70: National Transportation Safety
Board, Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data:
U.S. General Aviation, Calendar Year 1970,
NTSB/ARG-74/1 (Washington, DC: April 1974), table 117.
1975-80: Ibid.,
Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: General Aviation, Calendar Year
1985, NTSB/ARG-87/03 (Washington, DC:
October 1987), table 21.
1985-2004: Ibid., Internet site
www.ntsb.gov/aviation, table 10 as of Mar. 30, 2005.
Highway:
1960-65: Estimated by U.S. Department of
Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration from data
supplied by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for
Health Statistics, and individual state accident reports (adjusted to 30-day
deaths). Fatalities data prior to 1975 have been adjusted to reflect the
Fatality Analysis Reporting System's definition of a fatal crash as one that
involves a motor vehicle on a trafficway that results in the death of a
vehicle occupant or a nonmotorist within 30 days of the crash.
1970: Ibid., Traffic
Safety Facts 2001, DOT HS 809 100
(Washington, DC: December 2002), table 4, Internet site
www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/TSFAnn/TSF2001.pdf as of August 2003.
1975-2003: Ibid., Traffic
Safety Facts 2003, DOT HS 809 775
(Washington, DC: 2004), table 4, Internet site
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/TSFAnn/TSF2003F.pdf as of June
14, 2005.
Rail:
Highway-rail grade crossing:
1960-70: National Safety Council, Accident Facts, 1974 (Washington,
DC: 1974).
1975-80: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Policy and Program
Development, personal communication.
1985-90: Ibid., Rail-Highway
Crossing Accident/Incident and Inventory Bulletin (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table S.
1991-99: Ibid., Interim
Railroad Safety Statistics Annual Report 2002 (Washington, DC: August 2003), table 1-1.
2000-04: Ibid., Internet site
http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/officeofSafety/Query/Default.asp as of Dec. 2,
2005.
Railroad:
1960-65: National Safety Council, Accident Facts, 1974
(Washington, DC: 1974).
1970-90: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, Highway-Rail
Crossing Accident/Incident and Inventory Bulletin (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 7.
1991-99: Ibid., Interim
Railroad Safety Statistics Annual Report 2002 (Washington, DC: August 2003), table 1-1.
2000-04: Ibid., Internet site
http://safetydata.fra.dot.gov/officeofSafety/Query/Default.asp as of Dec. 2,
2005.
Transit:
Highway-rail grade crossing:
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal
Transit Administration, Office of Program Management, personal communication
as of June 8, 2005.
Transit:
1990-92: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, Safety
Management Information Statistics 1999 (Washington, DC:
2001), p. 41.
1993-2003: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, Transit
Safety and Security Statistics and Analysis Annual Report, (Washington, DC: Annual issues), Internet site
http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/data/SAMIS.asp as of May. 24, 2005.
Water:
Vessel- and nonvessel-related:
1970-91: U.S. Department of
Transportation, U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Investigations and Analysis,
Compliance Analysis Division, (G-MOA-2), personal communication, Apr. 13,
1999.
1992-2004: U.S. Department of Homeland
Security, U.S. Coast Guard, Data Administration Division (G-MRI-1), personal
communication, June 8, 2005.
Recreational boating:
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
Coast Guard, Office of Boating Safety, Boating
Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual
issues), Internet site http://www.uscgboating.org as of Oct. 8, 2004.
Hazardous liquid and gas pipeline:
1970-1985: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Research and Special Programs Administration, Office of
Pipeline Safety, Accident and Incident Summary
Statistics by Year, Internet site
http://ops.dot.gov as of Nov. 18, 2003.
1990-2004: U.S. Department of
Transportation, Research and Special Programs Administration, Office of
Pipeline Safety, Accident and Incident Summary
Statistics by Year, located at Internet
site http://ops.dot.gov as of Mar. 9, 2005.
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