Gordoniah Pioneering socialist, non-Marxist youth movement established in Poland in 1925 and named after A.D. Gordon, whose writings and teachings on Labor Zionist settlement in Palestine formed the ideological foundation of the movement.
HaNoar Hatzioni Formed in 1932, constituted the youth movement of the non-socialist General Zionists
Hashomer Hatzair Zionist-socialist pioneering youth movement whose aim was to educate Jewish youth for kibbutz life in Israel. It was officially established in Vienna in 1916, although it first originated as part of Tze'irei Zion and Hashomer in Galicia. Hashomer Hatzair was influenced by the scouting movement and emphasized personal fulfillment and education. Ideologically, the movement combined an orientation to settlement in Eretz Israel with left-wing socialism and Marxism.
HeHalutz An association of Jewish youth whose aim was to train its members to settle on the Land of Israel; it became an umbrella organization of the pioneering Zionist youth groups. Following World War I, the movement spread all over Europe, as well as overseas. At its peak between 1930-1935 the movement counted 100,000 adherents, with 16,00 members on hakhsharot or training centeers for the pioneering life in the Land of Israel.
Jungbor (Jung Borochovistim) -- named after the Leftist Marxist Zionist ideologue, Ber Borochov. The youth movement was affiliated with Left Poalei Zion.
Tzukunft (lit. “future”) -- the youth movement of the Jewish Labor Bund. Skif (Sotzialistisher Kinder Farband) was the children's group of the movement.
OTHER GLOSSARY TERMS: Aliyah Ascent. Jewish immigration to the land of Israel.
Chalutz(im) Pioneer(s). Agricultural laborers in Palestine.
Chanich(im) Student or trainee. A term used to refer to members of Zionist youth groups.
Eretz Israel The Land of Israel.
Kibbutz(im) The term used to refer to collective groups organized by Zionist youth movements in post-war Europe. Also used to refer to agricultural settlements in Palestine.
Hakhsharah Preparation. Agricultural training in preparation for aliyah.
Madrich(ah) Leader. Title applied to instructors in Zionist youth groups.
Oleh (olim) Jewish immigrant(s) to Palestine.
Shaliach -- shlichah (f.) shlichim (pl.) Emissary. Representative from the yishuv assigned to promote aliyah from the Diaspora.
Yishuv Settlement. The term used to refer to the Jewish community in Palestine.
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