| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. Commentaries Therapy for macular degeneration: Insights from acne Janet R. Sparrow Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4353–4354. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1031478100.PMCID: PMC153554 A silent bomb: The risk of anthrax as a weapon of mass destruction G. F. Webb Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4355–4356. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830963100.PMCID: PMC153555 Evolution in a genetically heritable social environment James M. Cheverud Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4357–4359. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0931311100.PMCID: PMC404685 Placental mRNA in maternal plasma: Prospects for fetal screening Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4360–4362. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830966100.PMCID: PMC153557 Radar breaks the fog: Insights into dorsoventral patterning in zebrafish Thomas P. Wilm and Lilianna Solnica-Krezel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4363–4365. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0931010100.PMCID: PMC153558 How to interpret an ancient landscape Vernon L. Scarborough Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4366–4368. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831134100.PMCID: PMC153559 What happens to genes in duplicated genomes Elizabeth A. Kellogg Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4369–4371. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831050100.PMCID: PMC153560 Physical Sciences Applied Mathematics Assessing experimentally derived interactions in a small world Debra S. Goldberg and Frederick P. Roth Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4372–4376. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735871100.PMCID: PMC404686 Chemistry Evidence for direct carotenoid involvement in the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting Ying-Zhong Ma, Nancy E. Holt, Xiao-Ping Li, Krishna K. Niyogi, and Graham R. Fleming Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4377–4382. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736959100.PMCID: PMC404687 Low T cell receptor expression and thermal fluctuations contribute to formation of dynamic multifocal synapses in thymocytes Sung-Joo E. Lee, Yuko Hori, and Arup K. Chakraborty Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4383–4388. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630563100.PMCID: PMC153563 Domain-selective small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated tubulin deacetylation Stephen J. Haggarty, Kathryn M. Koeller, Jason C. Wong, Christina M. Grozinger, and Stuart L. Schreiber Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4389–4394. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0430973100.PMCID: PMC153564 Engineering Microfluidics without microfabrication Barry R. Lutz, Jian Chen, and Daniel T. Schwartz Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4395–4398. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831077100.PMCID: PMC153565 Geology A complex microbiota from snowball Earth times: Microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, USA Frank A. Corsetti, Stanley M. Awramik, and David Pierce Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4399–4404. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730560100.PMCID: PMC153566 Geophysics Stability of magnesiowüstite in Earth's lower mantle Jung-Fu Lin, Dion L. Heinz, Ho-kwang Mao, Russell J. Hemley, James M. Devine, Jie Li, and Guoyin Shen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4405–4408. Published online 2003 March 26. doi: 10.1073/pnas.252782399.PMCID: PMC153567 Mathematics On conformally invariant differential operators in odd dimensions Spyros Alexakis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4409–4410. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0430972100.PMCID: PMC404688 Physics Localization of denaturation bubbles in random DNA sequences Terence Hwa, Enzo Marinari, Kim Sneppen, and Lei-han Tang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4411–4416. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736291100.PMCID: PMC404689 Buffed energy landscapes: Another solution to the kinetic paradoxes of protein folding Steven S. Plotkin and Peter G. Wolynes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4417–4422. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330720100.PMCID: PMC404690 Biological Sciences Applied Biological Sciences Engineering the proteolytic specificity of activated protein C improves its pharmacological properties David T. Berg, Bruce Gerlitz, Jing Shang, Tommy Smith, Paula Santa, Mark A. Richardson, Ken D. Kurz, Brian W. Grinnell, Ken Mace, and Bryan E. Jones Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4423–4428. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736918100.PMCID: PMC153571 Peptide-mediated broad-spectrum plant resistance to tospoviruses Christoph Rudolph, Peter H. Schreier, and Joachim F. Uhrig Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4429–4434. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730832100.PMCID: PMC153572 Assembly of high-affinity insulin receptor agonists and antagonists from peptide building blocks Lauge Schäffer, Renee E. Brissette, Jane C. Spetzler, Renuka C. Pillutla, Søren Østergaard, Michael Lennick, Jakob Brandt, Paul W. Fletcher, Gillian M. Danielsen, Ku-Chuan Hsiao, Asser S. Andersen, Olga Dedova, Ulla Ribel, Thomas Hoeg-Jensen, Per Hertz Hansen, Arthur J. Blume, Jan Markussen, and Neil I. Goldstein Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4435–4439. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830026100.PMCID: PMC153573 Biochemistry Assessing experimentally derived interactions in a small world Debra S. Goldberg and Frederick P. Roth Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4372–4376. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735871100.PMCID: PMC404686 3β-Acetoxyandrost-1,5-diene-17-ethylene ketal functions as a potent antiandrogen with marginal agonist activity Hiroshi Miyamoto, Padma Marwah, Ashok Marwah, Henry Lardy, and Chawnshang Chang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4440–4444. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831001100.PMCID: PMC153574 Bioinformatic design of A-kinase anchoring protein-in silico: A potent and selective peptide antagonist of type II protein kinase A anchoring Neal M. Alto, Scott H. Soderling, Naoto Hoshi, Lorene K. Langeberg, Rosa Fayos, Patricia A. Jennings, and John D. Scott Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4445–4450. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330734100.PMCID: PMC153575 Structure of the GAT domain of human GGA1: A syntaxin amino-terminal domain fold in an endosomal trafficking adaptor Silke Suer, Saurav Misra, Layla F. Saidi, and James H. Hurley Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4451–4456. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831133100.PMCID: PMC404691 Isolation and identification of short nucleotide sequences that affect translation initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wei Zhou, Gerald M. Edelman, and Vincent P. Mauro Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4457–4462. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0437993100.PMCID: PMC153577 Amino acids determining enzyme-substrate specificity in prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein kinases Lewyn Li, Eugene I. Shakhnovich, and Leonid A. Mirny Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4463–4468. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737647100.PMCID: PMC153578 High-fidelity in vivo replication of DNA base shape mimics without Watson–Crick hydrogen bonds James C. Delaney, Paul T. Henderson, Sandra A. Helquist, Juan C. Morales, John M. Essigmann, and Eric T. Kool Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4469–4473. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0837277100.PMCID: PMC153579 Phosphorylation of p47phox directs phox homology domain from SH3 domain toward phosphoinositides, leading to phagocyte NADPH oxidase activation Tetsuro Ago, Futoshi Kuribayashi, Hidekazu Hiroaki, Ryu Takeya, Takashi Ito, Daisuke Kohda, and Hideki Sumimoto Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4474–4479. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735712100.PMCID: PMC153580 Induced nucleotide specificity in a GTPase Shu-ou Shan and Peter Walter Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4480–4485. Published online 2003 March 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737693100.PMCID: PMC153581 New components of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queen retinue pheromone Christopher I. Keeling, Keith N. Slessor, Heather A. Higo, and Mark L. Winston Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4486–4491. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0836984100.PMCID: PMC153582 Regulation of myotubularin-related (MTMR)2 phosphatidylinositol phosphatase by MTMR5, a catalytically inactive phosphatase Soo-A Kim, Panayiotis O. Vacratsis, Ron Firestein, Michael L. Cleary, and Jack E. Dixon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4492–4497. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0431052100.PMCID: PMC153583 L-SIGN (CD 209L) is a liver-specific capture receptor for hepatitis C virus Jason P. Gardner, Robert J. Durso, Robert R. Arrigale, Gerald P. Donovan, Paul J. Maddon, Tatjana Dragic, and William C. Olson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4498–4503. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831128100.PMCID: PMC153584 Isothermal reactions for the amplification of oligonucleotides Jeffrey Van Ness, Lori K. Van Ness, and David J. Galas Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4504–4509. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730811100.PMCID: PMC404692 Protein trans-splicing in transgenic plant chloroplast: Reconstruction of herbicide resistance from split genes Hang Gyeong Chin, Gun-Do Kim, Ivan Marin, Fana Mersha, Thomas C. Evans, Jr., Lixin Chen, Ming-Qun Xu, and Sriharsa Pradhan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4510–4515. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736538100.PMCID: PMC153586 Biophysics Localization of denaturation bubbles in random DNA sequences Terence Hwa, Enzo Marinari, Kim Sneppen, and Lei-han Tang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4411–4416. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736291100.PMCID: PMC404689 Buffed energy landscapes: Another solution to the kinetic paradoxes of protein folding Steven S. Plotkin and Peter G. Wolynes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4417–4422. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330720100.PMCID: PMC404690 Enhanced protein domain discovery by using language modeling techniques from speech recognition Lachlan Coin, Alex Bateman, and Richard Durbin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4516–4520. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737502100.PMCID: PMC404693 Probing polymerization forces by using actin-propelled lipid vesicles Arpita Upadhyaya, Jeffrey R. Chabot, Albina Andreeva, Azadeh Samadani, and Alexander van Oudenaarden Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4521–4526. Published online 2003 March 25. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0837027100.PMCID: PMC153588 Conducting nanowires built by controlled self-assembly of amyloid fibers and selective metal deposition Thomas Scheibel, Raghuveer Parthasarathy, George Sawicki, Xiao-Min Lin, Heinrich Jaeger, and Susan L. Lindquist Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4527–4532. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0431081100.PMCID: PMC153589 Signal sequence within FcγRIIA controls calcium wave propagation patterns: Apparent role in phagolysosome fusion Randall G. Worth, Moo-Kyung Kim, Andrei L. Kindzelskii, Howard R. Petty, and Alan D. Schreiber Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4533–4538. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0836650100.PMCID: PMC153590 Structure and assembly of an augmented Sm-like archaeal protein 14-mer Cameron Mura, Martin Phillips, Anna Kozhukhovsky, and David Eisenberg Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4539–4544. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0538042100.PMCID: PMC404694 Site-specific contributions to the pH dependence of protein stability Martin Tollinger, Karin A. Crowhurst, Lewis E. Kay, and Julie D. Forman-Kay Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4545–4550. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736600100.PMCID: PMC404695 Frequency domain analysis of noise in autoregulated gene circuits Michael L. Simpson, Chris D. Cox, and Gary S. Sayler Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4551–4556. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736140100.PMCID: PMC404696 The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution P. E. Mason, G. W. Neilson, C. E. Dempsey, A. C. Barnes, and J. M. Cruickshank Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4557–4561. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735920100.PMCID: PMC404697 Cell Biology Domain-selective small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated tubulin deacetylation Stephen J. Haggarty, Kathryn M. Koeller, Jason C. Wong, Christina M. Grozinger, and Stuart L. Schreiber Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4389–4394. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0430973100.PMCID: PMC153564 Filamin-A fragment localizes to the nucleus to regulate androgen receptor and coactivator functions C. J. Loy, K. S. Sim, and E. L. Yong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4562–4567. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736237100.PMCID: PMC153595 C-terminal-binding protein corepresses epithelial and proapoptotic gene expression programs Madeleine Grooteclaes, Quinn Deveraux, Jeffrey Hildebrand, Qinghong Zhang, Richard H. Goodman, and Steven M. Frisch Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4568–4573. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830998100.PMCID: PMC153596 Processing, localization, and requirement of human separase for normal anaphase progression Anton Chestukhin, Christian Pfeffer, Scott Milligan, James A. DeCaprio, and David Pellman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4574–4579. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730733100.PMCID: PMC153597 Hyaluronidase 2 negatively regulates RON receptor tyrosine kinase and mediates transformation of epithelial cells by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus Alla Danilkovitch-Miagkova, Fuh-Mei Duh, Igor Kuzmin, Debora Angeloni, Shan-Lu Liu, A. Dusty Miller, and Michael I. Lerman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4580–4585. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0837136100.PMCID: PMC153598 Mammalian Erv46 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment and to cis-Golgi cisternae Lelio Orci, Mariella Ravazzola, Gary J. Mack, Charles Barlowe, and Stefan Otte Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4586–4591. Published online 2003 March 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730885100.PMCID: PMC153599 The endomembrane requirement for cell surface repair Paul L. McNeil, Katsuya Miyake, and Steven S. Vogel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4592–4597. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736739100.PMCID: PMC153600 MAN1 and emerin have overlapping function(s) essential for chromosome segregation and cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans Jun Liu, Kenneth K. Lee, Miriam Segura-Totten, Ester Neufeld, Katherine L. Wilson, and Yosef Gruenbaum Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4598–4603. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730821100.PMCID: PMC153601 A GTP-driven motor moves proteins across the outer envelope of chloroplasts Enrico Schleiff, Marko Jelic, and Jürgen Soll Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4604–4609. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730860100.PMCID: PMC153602 Stabilization of β-catenin by a Wnt-independent mechanism regulates cardiomyocyte growth Syed Haq, Ashour Michael, Michele Andreucci, Kausik Bhattacharya, Paolo Dotto, Brian Walters, James Woodgett, Heiko Kilter, and Thomas Force Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4610–4615. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0835895100.PMCID: PMC153603 Developmental Biology Identification of a small molecule inhibitor of the hedgehog signaling pathway: Effects on basal cell carcinoma-like lesions Juliet A. Williams, Oivin M. Guicherit, Beatrice I. Zaharian, Yin Xu, Ling Chai, Hynek Wichterle, Charlene Kon, Christine Gatchalian, Jeffery A. Porter, Lee L. Rubin, and Frank Y. Wang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4616–4621. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0732813100.PMCID: PMC153604 Gatm, a creatine synthesis enzyme, is imprinted in mouse placenta Lisa L. Sandell, Xiao-Juan Guan, Robert Ingram, and Shirley M. Tilghman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4622–4627. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0230424100.PMCID: PMC153605 Striking variation in the sex ratio of pups born to mice according to whether maternal diet is high in fat or carbohydrate Cheryl S. Rosenfeld, Kristie M. Grimm, Kimberly A. Livingston, Angela M. Brokman, William E. Lamberson, and R. Michael Roberts Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4628–4632. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330808100.PMCID: PMC153606 An empty Drosophila stem cell niche reactivates the proliferation of ectopic cells Toshie Kai and Allan Spradling Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4633–4638. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830856100.PMCID: PMC153607 Evolution Positive selection in the egg receptor for abalone sperm lysin Blanca E. Galindo, Victor D. Vacquier, and Willie J. Swanson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4639–4643. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830022100.PMCID: PMC153608 Restoration of blood flow by using continuous perimuscular infiltration of plasmid DNA encoding subterranean mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi VEGF Ariel Roguin, Aaron Avivi, Samy Nitecki, Irit Rubinstein, Nina S. Levy, Zaid A. Abassi, Murray B. Resnick, Orit Lache, Meira Melamed-Frank, Alma Joel, Aaron Hoffman, Eviatar Nevo, and Andrew P. Levy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4644–4648. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330833100.PMCID: PMC153609 Genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing Keith L. Adams, Richard Cronn, Ryan Percifield, and Jonathan F. Wendel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4649–4654. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630618100.PMCID: PMC153610 From the Cover: Genetic architecture and evolutionary constraint when the environment contains genes Jason B. Wolf Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4655–4660. Published online 2003 March 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0635741100.PMCID: PMC153611 Majority of divergence between closely related DNA samples is due to indels Roy J. Britten, Lee Rowen, John Williams, and R. Andrew Cameron Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4661–4665. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330964100.PMCID: PMC153612 Genetics Expression profiling reveals altered satellite cell numbers and glycolytic enzyme transcription in nemaline myopathy muscle Despina Sanoudou, Judith N. Haslett, Alvin T. Kho, Shaoqiang Guo, Hanna T. Gazda, Steven A. Greenberg, Hart G. W. Lidov, Isaac S. Kohane, Louis M. Kunkel, and Alan H. Beggs Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4666–4671. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330960100.PMCID: PMC153613 Role of SeqA and Dam in Escherichia coli gene expression: A global/microarray analysis Anders Løbner-Olesen, Martin G. Marinus, and Flemming G. Hansen Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4672–4677. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0538053100.PMCID: PMC153614 Essential Bacillus subtilis genes K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. Ashikaga, S. Aymerich, P. Bessieres, F. Boland, S. C. Brignell, S. Bron, K. Bunai, J. Chapuis, L. C. Christiansen, A. Danchin, M. Débarbouillé, E. Dervyn, E. Deuerling, K. Devine, S. K. Devine, O. Dreesen, J. Errington, S. Fillinger, S. J. Foster, Y. Fujita, A. Galizzi, R. Gardan, C. Eschevins, T. Fukushima, K. Haga, C. R. Harwood, M. Hecker, D. Hosoya, M. F. Hullo, H. Kakeshita, D. Karamata, Y. Kasahara, F. Kawamura, K. Koga, P. Koski, R. Kuwana, D. Imamura, M. Ishimaru, S. Ishikawa, I. Ishio, D. Le Coq, A. Masson, C. Mauël, R. Meima, R. P. Mellado, A. Moir, S. Moriya, E. Nagakawa, H. Nanamiya, S. Nakai, P. Nygaard, M. Ogura, T. Ohanan, M. O'Reilly, M. O'Rourke, Z. Pragai, H. M. Pooley, G. Rapoport, J. P. Rawlins, L. A. Rivas, C. Rivolta, A. Sadaie, Y. Sadaie, M. Sarvas, T. Sato, H. H. Saxild, E. Scanlan, W. Schumann, J. F. M. L. Seegers, J. Sekiguchi, A. Sekowska, S. J. Séror, M. Simon, P. Stragier, R. Studer, H. Takamatsu, T. Tanaka, M. Takeuchi, H. B. Thomaides, V. Vagner, J. M. van Dijl, K. Watabe, A. Wipat, H. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, K. Yamane, K. Yata, K. Yoshida, H. Yoshikawa, U. Zuber, and N. Ogasawara Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4678–4683. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730515100.PMCID: PMC153615 Epigenetic abnormalities associated with a chromosome 18(q21-q22) inversion and a Gilles de la Tourette syndrome phenotype Matthew W. State, John M. Greally, Adam Cuker, Peter N. Bowers, Octavian Henegariu, Thomas M. Morgan, Murat Gunel, Michael DiLuna, Robert A. King, Carol Nelson, Abigail Donovan, George M. Anderson, James F. Leckman, Trevor Hawkins, David L. Pauls, Richard P. Lifton, and David C. Ward Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4684–4689. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730775100.PMCID: PMC153616 α-Synuclein maps to a quantitative trait locus for alcohol preference and is differentially expressed in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rats Tiebing Liang, John Spence, Lixiang Liu, Wendy N. Strother, Hwai Wen Chang, Julie A. Ellison, Lawrence Lumeng, Ting-Kai Li, Tatiana Foroud, and Lucinda G. Carr Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4690–4695. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737182100.PMCID: PMC153617 Drosophila p53 preserves genomic stability by regulating cell death Naoko Sogame, Misoo Kim, and John M. Abrams Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4696–4701. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736384100.PMCID: PMC153618 Comprehensive sampling of gene expression in human cell lines with massively parallel signature sequencing C. Victor Jongeneel, Christian Iseli, Brian J. Stevenson, Gregory J. Riggins, Anita Lal, Alan Mackay, Robert A. Harris, Michael J. O'Hare, A. Munro Neville, Andrew J. G. Simpson, and Robert L. Strausberg Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4702–4705. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831040100.PMCID: PMC153619 Closing the loop: The PmrA/PmrB two-component system negatively controls expression of its posttranscriptional activator PmrD Akinori Kato, Tammy Latifi, and Eduardo A. Groisman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4706–4711. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0836837100.PMCID: PMC153620 Immunology Low T cell receptor expression and thermal fluctuations contribute to formation of dynamic multifocal synapses in thymocytes Sung-Joo E. Lee, Yuko Hori, and Arup K. Chakraborty Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4383–4388. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630563100.PMCID: PMC153563 Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients F. Stephen Hodi, Martin C. Mihm, Robert J. Soiffer, Frank G. Haluska, Marcus Butler, Michael V. Seiden, Thomas Davis, Rochele Henry-Spires, Suzanne MacRae, Ann Willman, Robert Padera, Michael T. Jaklitsch, Sridhar Shankar, Teresa C. Chen, Alan Korman, James P. Allison, and Glenn Dranoff Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4712–4717. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830997100.PMCID: PMC153621 Solution structure of a functionally active fragment of decay-accelerating factor Stanislava Uhrinova, Feng Lin, Graeme Ball, Krystyna Bromek, Dusan Uhrin, M. Edward Medof, and Paul N. Barlow Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4718–4723. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730844100.PMCID: PMC153622 IL-15Rα expression on CD8+ T cells is dispensable for T cell memory Patrick R. Burkett, Rima Koka, Marcia Chien, Sophia Chai, Faye Chan, Averil Ma, and David L. Boone Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4724–4729. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737048100.PMCID: PMC153623 Epstein–Barr virus-infected B cells expanding in germinal centers of infectious mononucleosis patients do not participate in the germinal center reaction Julia Kurth, Martin-Leo Hansmann, Klaus Rajewsky, and Ralf Küppers Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4730–4735. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2627966100.PMCID: PMC153624 Medical Sciences Inhibition of plaque neovascularization reduces macrophage accumulation and progression of advanced atherosclerosis Karen S. Moulton, Khashayar Vakili, David Zurakowski, Mohsin Soliman, Catherine Butterfield, Erik Sylvin, Kin-Ming Lo, Stephen Gillies, Kashi Javaherian, and Judah Folkman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4736–4741. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730843100.PMCID: PMC153625 From the Cover: Treatment with isotretinoin inhibits lipofuscin accumulation in a mouse model of recessive Stargardt's macular degeneration Roxana A. Radu, Nathan L. Mata, Steven Nusinowitz, Xinran Liu, Paul A. Sieving, and Gabriel H. Travis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4742–4747. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737855100.PMCID: PMC153626 From the Cover: mRNA of placental origin is readily detectable in maternal plasma Enders K. O. Ng, Nancy B. Y. Tsui, Tze K. Lau, Tse N. Leung, Rossa W. K. Chiu, Nirmal S. Panesar, Lydia C. W. Lit, Kam-Wing Chan, and Y. M. Dennis Lo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4748–4753. Published online 2003 March 18. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0637450100.PMCID: PMC153627 Smooth muscle cells in human coronary atherosclerosis can originate from cells administered at marrow transplantation Noel M. Caplice, T. Jared Bunch, Paul G. Stalboerger, Shaohua Wang, David Simper, Dylan V. Miller, Stephen J. Russell, Mark R. Litzow, and William D. Edwards Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4754–4759. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730743100.PMCID: PMC153628 Identification of Down's syndrome critical locus gene SIM2-s as a drug therapy target for solid tumors Maurice Phil DeYoung, Matthew Tress, and Ramaswamy Narayanan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4760–4765. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831000100.PMCID: PMC153629 Human tumstatin and human endostatin exhibit distinct antiangiogenic activities mediated by αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins Akulapalli Sudhakar, Hikaru Sugimoto, Changqing Yang, Julie Lively, Michael Zeisberg, and Raghu Kalluri Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4766–4771. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730882100.PMCID: PMC153630 The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 binds to and activates H-Ras José Luis Oliva, Dolores Pérez-Sala, Antonio Castrillo, Natalia Martínez, F. Javier Cañada, Lisardo Boscá, and José M. Rojas Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4772–4777. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735842100.PMCID: PMC153631 Evidence that the retroviral DNA integration process triggers an ATR-dependent DNA damage response René Daniel, Gary Kao, Konstantin Taganov, James G. Greger, Olga Favorova, George Merkel, Tim J. Yen, Richard A. Katz, and Anna Marie Skalka Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4778–4783. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730887100.PMCID: PMC153632 Abbreviated incubation times for human prions in mice expressing a chimeric mouse–human prion protein transgene Carsten Korth, Kiyotoshi Kaneko, Darlene Groth, Norbert Heye, Glenn Telling, James Mastrianni, Piero Parchi, Pierluigi Gambetti, Robert Will, James Ironside, Cornelia Heinrich, Patrick Tremblay, Stephen J. DeArmond, and Stanley B. Prusiner Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4784–4789. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2627989100.PMCID: PMC153633 Therapeutic vaccine for acute and chronic motor neuron diseases: Implications for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis D. N. Angelov, S. Waibel, O. Guntinas-Lichius, M. Lenzen, W. F. Neiss, T. L. Tomov, E. Yoles, J. Kipnis, H. Schori, A. Reuter, A. Ludolph, and M. Schwartz Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4790–4795. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0530191100.PMCID: PMC153634 Erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 mediates invasion in Plasmodium falciparum utilizing sialic acid-dependent and -independent pathways Manoj T. Duraisingh, Alexander G. Maier, Tony Triglia, and Alan F. Cowman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4796–4801. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730883100.PMCID: PMC153635 Recombinant human erythropoietin protects the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes beneficial remodeling Laura Calvillo, Roberto Latini, Jan Kajstura, Annarosa Leri, Piero Anversa, Pietro Ghezzi, Monica Salio, Anthony Cerami, and Michael Brines Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4802–4806. Published online 2003 March 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630444100.PMCID: PMC153636 Plasma membrane localization and function of the estrogen receptor α variant (ER46) in human endothelial cells Lei Li, M. Page Haynes, and Jeffrey R. Bender Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4807–4812. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831079100.PMCID: PMC153637 T cell leukemia I oncogene expression depends on the presence of Epstein–Barr virus in the virus- carrying Burkitt lymphoma lines Csaba Kiss, Jun Nishikawa, Kenzo Takada, Pankaj Trivedi, George Klein, and Laszlo Szekely Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4813–4818. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730710100.PMCID: PMC153638 Heterogeneous clearance rates of long-lived lymphocytes infected with HIV: Intrinsic stability predicts lifelong persistence M. C. Strain, H. F. Günthard, D. V. Havlir, C. C. Ignacio, D. M. Smith, A. J. Leigh-Brown, T. R. Macaranas, R. Y. Lam, O. A. Daly, M. Fischer, M. Opravil, H. Levine, L. Bacheler, C. A. Spina, D. D. Richman, and J. K. Wong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4819–4824. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736332100.PMCID: PMC153639 Microbiology Herpes simplex virus 1 activates cdc2 to recruit topoisomerase IIα for post-DNA synthesis expression of late genes Sunil J. Advani, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, and Bernard Roizman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4825–4830. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730735100.PMCID: PMC153640 A secreted high-affinity inhibitor of human TNF from Tanapox virus Craig R. Brunetti, Mini Paulose-Murphy, Rajkumari Singh, Jing Qin, John W. Barrett, Aubry Tardivel, Pascal Schneider, Karim Essani, and Grant McFadden Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4831–4836. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737244100.PMCID: PMC153641 Neuroscience Amyloid deposition in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex: Quantitative analysis of a transgenic mouse model John F. Reilly, Dora Games, Russell E. Rydel, Stephen Freedman, Dale Schenk, Warren G. Young, John H. Morrison, and Floyd E. Bloom Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4837–4842. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0330745100.PMCID: PMC153642 From the Cover: Translational control of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by arginine can explain the arginine paradox Junghee Lee, Hoon Ryu, Robert J. Ferrante, Sidney M. Morris, Jr., and Rajiv R. Ratan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4843–4848. Published online 2003 March 24. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0735876100.PMCID: PMC153643 Chemical synaptic activity modulates nearby electrical synapses Mackenzie Smith and Alberto E. Pereda Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4849–4854. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0734299100.PMCID: PMC153644 Retention of NMDA receptor NR2 subunits in the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum in targeted NR1 knockout mice Masahiro Fukaya, Akira Kato, Chanel Lovett, Susumu Tonegawa, and Masahiko Watanabe Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4855–4860. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830996100.PMCID: PMC153645 Inhibition of calcineurin facilitates the induction of memory for sensitization in Aplysia: Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase Shiv K. Sharma, Martha W. Bagnall, Michael A. Sutton, and Thomas J. Carew Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4861–4866. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0830994100.PMCID: PMC153646 The melanocortin-1 receptor gene mediates female-specific mechanisms of analgesia in mice and humans Jeffrey S. Mogil, Sonya G. Wilson, Elissa J. Chesler, Andrew L. Rankin, Kumar V. S. Nemmani, William R. Lariviere, M. Kristina Groce, Margaret R. Wallace, Lee Kaplan, Roland Staud, Timothy J. Ness, Toni L. Glover, Magda Stankova, Alexander Mayorov, Victor J. Hruby, Judith E. Grisel, and Roger B. Fillingim Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4867–4872. Published online 2003 March 27. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730053100.PMCID: PMC153647 Neural, not gonadal, origin of brain sex differences in a gynandromorphic finch Robert J. Agate, William Grisham, Juli Wade, Suzanne Mann, John Wingfield, Carolyn Schanen, Aarno Palotie, and Arthur P. Arnold Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4873–4878. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0636925100.PMCID: PMC153648 Dichloroacetate effects on glucose and lactate oxidation by neurons and astroglia in vitro and on glucose utilization by brain in vivo Yoshiaki Itoh, Takanori Esaki, Kazuaki Shimoji, Michelle Cook, Mona J. Law, Elaine Kaufman, and Louis Sokoloff Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4879–4884. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831078100.PMCID: PMC153649 The high variance of AMPA receptor- and NMDA receptor-mediated responses at single hippocampal synapses: Evidence for multiquantal release Rossella Conti and John Lisman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4885–4890. Published online 2003 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630290100.PMCID: PMC404698 Timing of neural responses in cortical organotypic slices Dean V. Buonomano Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4897–4902. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736909100.PMCID: PMC153652 Pharmacology Endothelial nitric oxide synthase overexpression attenuates congestive heart failure in mice Steven P. Jones, James J. M. Greer, Rien van Haperen, Dirk J. Duncker, Rini de Crom, and David J. Lefer Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4891–4896. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0837428100.PMCID: PMC153651 Timing of neural responses in cortical organotypic slices Dean V. Buonomano Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4897–4902. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736909100.PMCID: PMC153652 The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse Demetrios K. Vassilatis, John G. Hohmann, Hongkui Zeng, Fusheng Li, Jane E. Ranchalis, Marty T. Mortrud, Analisa Brown, Stephanie S. Rodriguez, John R. Weller, Abbie C. Wright, John E. Bergmann, and George A. Gaitanaris Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4903–4908. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0230374100.PMCID: PMC153653 Membrane potential fluorescence: A rapid and highly sensitive assay for nicotinic receptor channel function Richard W. Fitch, Yingxian Xiao, Kenneth J. Kellar, and John W. Daly Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4909–4914. Published online 2003 March 25. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630641100.PMCID: PMC153654 Prenatal exposure to a cannabinoid agonist produces memory deficits linked to dysfunction in hippocampal long-term potentiation and glutamate release Giampaolo Mereu, Mauro Fà, Luca Ferraro, Raffaele Cagiano, Tiziana Antonelli, Maria Tattoli, Veronica Ghiglieri, Sergio Tanganelli, Gian Luigi Gessa, and Vincenzo Cuomo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4915–4920. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0537849100.PMCID: PMC153655 Plant Biology Early light-induced proteins protect Arabidopsis from photooxidative stress Claire Hutin, Laurent Nussaume, Nicolae Moise, Ismaël Moya, Klaus Kloppstech, and Michel Havaux Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4921–4926. Published online 2003 April 3. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736939100.PMCID: PMC153656 Bacterial volatiles promote growth in Arabidopsis Choong-Min Ryu, Mohamed A. Farag, Chia-Hui Hu, Munagala S. Reddy, Han-Xun Wei, Paul W. Paré, and Joseph W. Kloepper Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4927–4932. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730845100.PMCID: PMC153657 Circadian phase-specific degradation of the F-box protein ZTL is mediated by the proteasome Woe-Yeon Kim, Ruishuang Geng, and David E. Somers Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4933–4938. Published online 2003 March 28. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0736949100.PMCID: PMC404699 Combinatorial modification of multiple lignin traits in trees through multigene cotransformation Laigeng Li, Yihua Zhou, Xiaofei Cheng, Jiayan Sun, Jane M. Marita, John Ralph, and Vincent L. Chiang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4939–4944. Published online 2003 March 31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0831166100.PMCID: PMC153659 A network of rice genes associated with stress response and seed development Bret Cooper, Joseph D. Clarke, Paul Budworth, Joel Kreps, Don Hutchison, Sylvia Park, Sonia Guimil, Molly Dunn, Peter Luginbühl, Cinzia Ellero, Stephen A. Goff, and Jane Glazebrook Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4945–4950. Published online 2003 April 8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0737574100.PMCID: PMC153660 Psychology Predicting the practice effects on the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) function of fMRI in a symbolic manipulation task Yulin Qin, Myeong-Ho Sohn, John R. Anderson, V. Andrew Stenger, Kate Fissell, Adam Goode, and Cameron S. Carter Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4951–4956. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0431053100.PMCID: PMC153661 Social Sciences Anthropology From the Cover: A reexamination of human-induced environmental change within the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin, Michoacán, Mexico Christopher T. Fisher, Helen P. Pollard, Isabel Israde-Alcántara, Victor H. Garduño-Monroy, and Subir K. Banerjee Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4957–4962. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0630493100.PMCID: PMC153662 Social Sciences New consumers: The influence of affluence on the environment Norman Myers and Jennifer Kent Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4963–4968. Published online 2003 April 2. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0438061100.PMCID: PMC153663 Corrections Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4969. Published online 2003 April 4. PMCID: PMC153552 Corrects: Simona Podgrabinska, et al. Molecular characterization of lymphatic endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 December 10; 99(25): 16069–16074. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4969. Published online 2003 April 1. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0930700100.PMCID: PMC153551 Corrects: Chikara Ohyama, et al. Natural killer cells attack tumor cells expressing high levels of sialyl Lewis x oligosaccharides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 October 15; 99(21): 13789–13794. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 April 15; 100(8): 4969. Published online 2003 April 4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0937466100.PMCID: PMC153553 Corrects: Allison B. Goldfine, et al. Insulin resistance is a poor predictor of type 2 diabetes in individuals with no family history of disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 March 4; 100(5): 2724–2729. |