|
Estimated
Costs (Billions) of Pediatric Disease of Environmental Origin,
United States, 1997
|
|
|
Disease |
|
Best
Estimate
|
Low
Estimate
|
High
Estimate
|
|
| Lead
poisoning |
|
$43.4
|
$43.4
|
$43.4
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Neurobehavioral
disorders |
|
$9.2
|
$4.6
|
$18.4 |
| |
|
|
|
|
| Asthma
|
|
$2.0
|
$0.7 |
$2.3 |
| |
|
|
|
|
| Cancer
|
|
$0.3
|
$0.2
|
$0.7
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| Total
|
|
$54.9
|
$48.8
|
$64.8
|
Adapted from
Landrigan PJ, Schecter CB, Lipton JM, Fahs MC, Schwartz J. Environmental
pollutants and disease in American children: estimates of morbidity,
mortality, and costs for lead poisoning, asthma, cancer, and developmental
disabilities. Environ Health Perspect 2002;110(7):721–8. |
|
|
"In
1998, 7% of children ages 5 to 17 were limited in their activities
because of one or more chronic health conditions, compared with
3% of children younger than 5.”
—Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics.
America’s children: key national indicators of well-being, 2001.
Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 2001. |
|
|
|
|
|
"About
17% of U.S. children under 18 years of age have a developmental
disability.”
—CDC. Developmental disabilities. Available at URL:
www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dd. |
|
|
|
|
|
“Asthma
now affects nearly 5 million people who are younger than 18
years of age.… Asthma is the third-ranking cause of hospitalization
among those younger than 15 years of age.”
—Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Air
pollution and respiratory health. Asthma control programs and activities
related to children and adolescents: reducing costs and improving
quality of life. Available at URL:
ww.cdc.gov/nceh/airpollution/asthma/children.htm.
|
|
|
|
|
|
“In
1990, all children lived in counties in which the one-in-a-million
and 1-in-100,000 cancer risk benchmarks were exceeded by at least
one hazardous air pollutant. Six percent of children lived in counties
in which at least one hazardous air pollutant exceeded the 1-in-10,000
benchmark.”
—US Environmental Protection Agency. America’s children
and the environment: a first view of available measures. Washington,
DC: US Environmental Protection Agency; 2000. EPA Report No.: EPA
240-R-00-006. |
|
|
|
|
|
"From
1990 through 1998, approximately 25% of children lived in a county
in which at least one air quality standard was exceeded during the
year.”
—US Environmental Protection Agency. America’s children
and the environment: a first view of available measures. Washington,
DC: US Environmental Protection Agency; 2000. EPA Report No.: EPA
240-R-00-006. |
|
|
|
|
|
“In
1997–1998, 5.4% of all children had asthma. Non-Hispanic Black children
living in families with incomes below the poverty level had the
highest rates of asthma of any group: 8.3%.”
—US Environmental Protection Agency. America’s children
and the environment: a first view of available measures. Washington,
DC: US Environmental Protection Agency; 2000. EPA Report No.: EPA
240-R-00-006. |
|
|
|
|
|
"Fifty
percent of children live in counties that had Superfund sites in
1990 and still have Superfund sites in 2000.”
—US Environmental Protection Agency. America’s children
and the environment: a first view of available measures. Washington,
DC: US Environmental Protection Agency; 2000. EPA Report No.: EPA
240-R-00-006. |
|
|
|
|
|
"Lead
poisoning is entirely preventable. However, nearly 1 million
children living in the United States have lead levels in their blood
that are high enough to cause irreversible damage to their health.”
—Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC’s
lead poisoning and prevention program. Available at URL: www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/factsheets/leadfcts.htm.
|
| |
|
[Table
of Contents]
|
"Papito taking
baby Benjamin to the doctor." Sophia, age 4
|
|
Sarah, age 6
|
| |
|
|
|
"My teacher."
Claire, age 4
|
|
"A little kitty
and a big doggy. They are friends." Claire, age 4.
|
| |
|
|
Sarah, age 8
|
| |
|
|
|
"Winking flowers."
Nasreen, age 4.
|
|
Noah, age 8
|
Table
of Contents |
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This page last updated on
October 24, 2003
Contact Name: Wilma López/ WLópez@cdc.gov
|
