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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display Record
ISS018-E-8064
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| File Name | File Size (bytes) | Width | Height | Annotated | Cropped | Purpose | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View | ISS018-E-8064.JPG | 60940 | 640 | 437 | No | No | ||
| View | ISS018-E-8064.JPG | 158128 | 720 | 720 | Yes | Yes | Earth From Space collection |
Large Images to Request for Downloading
| File Name | File Size (bytes) | Width | Height | Annotated | Cropped | Purpose | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Request | ISS018-E-8064.JPG | 467963 | 3072 | 2098 | No | No | ||
| Request | ISS018-E-8064.JPG | 488978 | 1440 | 1440 | No | Yes | Earth From Space collection |
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Electronic Image Data
Camera Files >> No sound file available.Identification
Mission: ISS018 Roll: E Frame: 8064 Mission ID on the Film or image: ISS018Country or Geographic Name: BOLIVIA
Features: PARAPETI RIVER,AGRICULTURAL FIELDS
Center Point Latitude: -19.9 Center Point Longitude: -62.9 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Stereo: (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area)
ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID:
Camera
Camera Tilt: 11Camera Focal Length: 180mm
Camera: N2: Nikon D2Xs
Film: 4288E : 4288 x 2848 pixel CMOS sensor, RGBG imager color filter.
Quality
Film Exposure:Percentage of Cloud Cover: 10 (0-10)
Nadir
Date: 20081109 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 132332 (HHMMSS)Nadir Point Latitude: -19.9, Longitude: -62.3 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: West
Sun Azimuth: 92 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point)
Spacecraft Altitude: 192 nautical miles (356 km)
Sun Elevation Angle: 55 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point)
Orbit Number: 1140
Captions
Progressive Forest Clearing, BoliviaThe eastern half of Bolivia is covered with tropical rainforest. In the 1990s, Bolivia initiated a large-scale effort to increase the rate of logging and create tracts of land for commercial agriculture (primarily soy and sugar cane, but also cocoa) on the Amazon Basin side of the Andean highlands. Today, the commercial fields are well established and easily mapped from space as large, rectangular clearings in the forest. The agricultural developments are still growing today. The clearings start off as small rectangles arranged perpendicular to an access road; early clearings take on a herringbone pattern when viewed from above. The intact areas (dark forest) are gradually logged and then cultivated, filling in the pattern to make a larger cleared area.
Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) routinely observe intensive land use and document their observations through imagery so that changes can be identified. These two photographs of the Bolivian forest along the Rio Parapetí in Bolivia (south of Santa Cruz, not shown) show different stages of the clearing process and agricultural field development. The top image, a wide panoramic view looking toward the west and the Andean foothills, was taken from the Space Shuttle in November 1995. The clearing efforts were just getting underway, evidenced by the crosshatched and herringbone pattern of clearing north of the river. On the south side of the river, old, abandoned stream channels show up as lighter regions with lesser forest cover.
The bottom view, a composite of two images taken from the ISS, provides a more detailed view of today’s landscape, showing completely cleared regions that stretch for more than 10 kilometers. For scale, the white line is about 12 kilometers (7.5 miles). The geographic area covered in the 2008 view is approximated on the top image by the white box.
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