The following are updates that have been made to various sections of the online version of CDC Health Information for International Travel 2008 (the “Yellow Book”) since the May 2007 hardcopy release. These are permanent changes that will be incorporated into the next edition of the Yellow Book.
Changes are also indicated within the online sections.
Remember to check for current recommendations related to Travel Notices.
Changes to Yellow Fever Vaccine Country Entry Requirements or CDC Recommendations
| Country |
Yellow Fever Vaccine Country Requirements or CDC Recommendations Changes |
Date Updated |
Additional Information |
| Brazil |
No yellow fever vaccine requirement for travelers entering Brazil |
July 29, 2008 |
Brazil (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Ecuador |
For all travelers >9 months of age who are traveling to the following provinces in the Amazon Basin: Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Sucumbíos, and Zamora-Chinchipe, and all other areas in the eastern part of the Andes Mountains, NOT including the cities of Quito and Guayaquil or the Galápagos Islands (see Updated yellow fever risk map for Ecuador). |
May 5, 2008 |
Ecuador (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Argentina |
For all travelers >9 months of age going to the northern and northeastern forested areas, including Iguaçu Falls and all parts of Misiones Province, as well as all areas bordering Paraguay and Brazil. These areas include: all departments of Misiones and Formosa Provinces; Department of Bermejo in Chaco Province; Departments of Berón de Astrada, Capital, General Alvear, General Paz, Ituzaingó, Itatí, Paso de los Libres, San Cosme, San Miguel, San Martín and Santo Tomé in Corrientes Province; Departments of Valle Grande, Ledesma, Santa Bárbara and San Pedro in Jujuy Province; and Departments of General José de San Martín, Oran, Rivadavia and Anta in Salta Province |
April 17, 2008 |
Argentina (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Paraguay |
The yellow fever endemic zone, for which vaccination is recommended, has been temporarily expanded to include all areas of Paraguay. |
February 21, 2008 |
Paraguay (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Paraguay |
The yellow fever endemic zone, for which vaccination is recommended, has been temporarily expanded to include all areas of Paraguay. |
December 22, 2008 |
The text "This is an interim recommendation until further notice, see Outbreak Notice: Yellow Fever in Paraguay. Updated February 21, 2008" was delete from Yellow Fever recommendations.
Paraguay
|
| Brazil |
The yellow fever endemic zone, for which vaccination is recommended, has been expanded by adding the northern part of Espiritu Santo state and the western part of Santa Catarina state as risk areas, as well as a reminder that the Federal District of Brasilia is also an endemic area |
February 11, 2008 |
Brazil (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Taiwan |
No yellow fever vaccine requirement for travelers entering Taiwan |
February 6, 2008 |
Taiwan (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Bolivia |
Required for all travelers >1 year of age. Medical waivers must be translated into Spanish and accompany the International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP). Travelers who do not have a valid ICVP will still be allowed to enter Bolivia if they agree to sign an affidavit exempting the Bolivian state from any liability in the event the traveler gets sick with yellow fever within the Bolivian territory. This last option may cause delays at the point of entry. |
December 20, 2007 |
Bolivia (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Costa Rica |
Required if traveling from the endemic zones listed below:
Africa:
Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Sudan.
Americas:
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, and Venezuela. |
September 24, 2007 |
Costa Rica (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
Changes to Malaria Risk Areas and Recommendations
| Country |
Malaria Risk Area Changes |
Date Updated |
Additional Information |
| The Bahamas |
Island of Great Exuma only. There is currently no known risk of malaria on other islands in The Bahamas. |
January 6, 2009 |
The Bahamas (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Jamaica |
Very limited risk in Kingston; therefore prophylaxis is not recommended. |
May 30, 2008 |
Jamaica (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
| Thailand |
Risk in rural areas that border Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar (Burma). Very limited risk in Phang Nga and Phuket; therefore, prophylaxis is not recommended for these two areas. No risk in cities and in major tourist resorts. No risk in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Pattaya, Ko Samui, and Ko Phangan. |
September 19, 2007 |
Thailand (Chapter 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine Requirements and Information on Malaria Risk and Prophylaxis, by Country)
|
Changes to Maps
| Maps |
Edits |
Date Updated |
Additional Information |
Updated Yellow Fever vaccination recommendations map  from the Ministry of Health in Brazil addition to Map 4-16 |
The southern, coastal area of Bahia state and the northern, coastal area of Espiritu Santo are no longer considered risk areas for yellow fever transmission, while the yellow fever risk areas have expanded in the states of São Paulo and Paraná. |
January 6, 2009 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
| Updated CDC Yellow Fever Risk Map for Ecuador, addition to Map 4-16 |
The yellow fever endemic zone, for which vaccination is recommended, has been expanded to include the following provinces in the Amazon Basin: Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Sucumbíos, and Zamora-Chinchipe, and all other areas in the eastern part of the Andes Mountains. |
May 5, 2008 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
| Updated CDC Yellow Fever Risk Map for Argentina, addition to Map 4-16 |
The yellow fever endemic zone, for which vaccination is recommended, has been specified as all departments of Misiones and Formosa Provinces; Department of Bermejo in Chaco Province; Departments of Beron de Astrada, Capital, General Alvear, General Paz, Ituzaingo, Itati, Paso de los Libres, San Cosme, San Miguel, San Martin and Santo Tome in Corrientes Province; Departments of Valle Grande, Ledesma, Santa Barbara and San Pedro in Jujuy Province; and Departments of General Jose de San Martin, Oran, Rivadavia and Anta in Salta Province. |
April 17, 2008 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
Areas of dengue fever cases reported in 2005, Western Hemisphere (Map 4-01) and
Areas of dengue fever cases reported in 2005, Eastern Hemisphere (Map 4-02) |
Dengue maps now reflect where cases have been reported in the two hemispheres. |
February 15, 2008 |
Dengue Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
| Updated CDC Yellow Fever Risk Map for Brazil (see new map above), addition to Map 4-16 |
Yellow fever endemic zone areas, for which vaccination is recommended, have been expanded by adding the northern part of Espiritu Santo state. |
February 15, 2008 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
| Geographic distribution of schistosomiasis (Map 4-11) |
Burundi, Djibouti, and Rwanda are indicated (in green) to be endemic areas for both types of schistosomiasis (hepatic/intestinal and urinary). |
August 30, 2007 |
Schistosomiasis (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
| Yellow fever-endemic zones in Africa, 2007 (Map 4-15) |
Djibouti is not part of the yellow fever-endemic zone. |
July 18, 2007 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
Changes to Tables
| Tables |
Edits |
Date Updated |
Additional Information |
| Countries that require proof of vaccination against yellow fever (Table 4-24) |
Tanzania removed
Tanzania added
Angola, Bolivia (or signed affidavit at point of entry), Burundi, Chad, and Sierra Leone require proof of yellow fever vaccination for arriving travelers. |
July 29, 2008
April 21, 2008
January 9, 2008 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
Recommended Immunization Schedule, 2008, for:
Ages 0 to 6 Years-United States (Table 8-2)
Ages 7 to 18 Years-United States (Table 8-3)
Children and Adolescents Who Start Late or Who Are More Than 1 Month Behind (Table 8-4) |
Replaced existing immunization schedules with new schedules released by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) |
February 15, 2008 |
Vaccine Recommendations for Infants and Children (Chapter 8, International Travel with Infants and Young Children) |
| Countries within the Yellow Fever-Endemic Zone (Table 4-23) |
Cape Verde is no longer listed as a country within the yellow fever-endemic zone. |
July 9, 2007 |
Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Prevention of Specific Infectious Diseases) |
Other Content Changes
October 17, 2008
Change in Influenza Vaccine Recommendations (Prevention section of Chapter 4, Influenza)
A change in the age range for use of the live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) was made to the section, from 5-49 years to 2-49 years reflecting recent Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) changes in recommendation for LAIV. The references for this change is:
- Fiore AE, Shay DK, Broder K, Iskander JK, Uyeki TM, Mootrey G, et al. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2008. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008;57(RR07):1-60.
This reference, available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5707a1.htm, was added to the reference list in the section listed above.
February 15, 2008
Changes in Meningococcal Vaccine Recommendations (Prevention section of Chapter 4, Meningococcal Disease and Meningococcal Vaccine section of Chapter 8, Vaccine Recommendations for Infants and Children)
Changes were made to the relevant sections, reflecting recent Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) changes in recommendation for meningococcal vaccine. References for these changes are:
- CDC. Notice to Readers: Recommendation from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for Use of Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MCV4) in Children Aged 2-10 Years at Increased Risk for Invasive Meningococcal Disease. MMWR 2007;56(48):1265-1266.
- CDC. Notice to Readers: Revised Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to Vaccinate All Persons Aged 11-18 Years with Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine. MMWR 2007;56(31):794-795.
These references were also added to the reference list in the sections listed above.
January 9, 2008
International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) for Yellow Fever (Chapter 4, Yellow Fever section):
To comply with the International Health Regulations (2005), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released a new International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP). All yellow fever vaccines given on or after December 15, 2007, should be recorded on an ICVP. The ICVP replaces all versions of the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) that are currently in circulation. Changes to this section reflect revisions to the certificate.
