Goal: The purpose of this initiative is to encourage the submission of applications focused on the oral health of special needs populations, including those who are mentally retarded, have developmental disabilities, people living with HIV/AIDS and the elderly. Clinical research projects will be solicited that include: 1) epidemiologic studies that document the prevalence, incidence and determinants of oral and craniofacial diseases and conditions, 2) behavioral and social sciences research and, 3) patient oriented research. Investigators will be encouraged to consider the submission of oral health research projects that capitalize on ongoing, funded research that address these populations.
Background: Limited oral health information is available for people who have special needs and who are disabled. There are more than 54 million disabled individuals as defined under the Americans with Disabilities Act and the number of older Americans is growing rapidly. By 2030, one-fifth of the population will be 65 years or older. The extent to which oral health impacts upon general health or quality of life of people with disabilities or their caregivers is unknown. Oral and craniofacial diseases have a negative impact on the quality of life in seniors. Therefore, research that explores the primary prevention and treatment of oral diseases and conditions in older adults is needed. Moreover, Oral health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General underscored the many oral and systemic diseases and conditions that impair health in older adults and the role of oral health in the quality of life and life expectancy of individuals with disabilities.
Methods and Implementation:
The initiative envisions applications that utilize clinical research approaches including epidemiologic and behavioral studies and patient oriented research.
Examples of research activities may include: 1) epidemiologic studies to explore the relationship of oral health and oral health related quality of life to general health outcomes, 2) behavioral research and technology development that explores approaches to improve the efficacy of care, 3) research to improve health care provider and caregiver training, 4) research to improve dissemination and implementation of research findings, 5) technology and materials development to prevent disease or improve quality of life, and 6) research to prevent or control the detrimental effects of medications, treatments or feeding practices on oral health.