Agent Name |
Tetramethyl lead |
CAS Number |
75-74-1 |
Formula |
C4-H12-Pb |
Major Category |
Metals |
Synonyms |
Lead tetramethyl; Tetramethylplumbane; TML; [NIOSH] |
Category |
Metal Hydrides |
Description |
Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue) with a fruity odor. [Note: Main usage is in anti-knock additives for gasoline.] [NIOSH] |
Sources/Uses |
Tetraethyl and tetramethyl lead (CAS # 78-00-2 & 75-74-1), also called alkyl lead, are used as anti-knock agents in gasoline. [ATSDR Case Studies # 1] |
Comments |
The presenting symptoms of acute alkyl lead intoxication are anorexia, insomnia, fatigue, weakness, headache, depression, and irritability. [ATSDR Case Studies # 1] Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Overexposure may cause disturbed vision, tremors, seizures, and brain damage. Monitor workers with urinary lead measurements. [ACGIH] Lead compounds, organic are not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans. [IARC] See "Lead." |
Restricted |
Organic lead was added to gasoline in the US until January 1996. [ATSDR Case Studies, Lead Toxicity] |
Exposure Assessment |
Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Yes |
Bioaccumulates |
Yes |
TLV (ACGIH) |
0.15 mg/m3, as Pb |
PEL (OSHA) |
0.07 mg/m3, as Pb |
MAK |
0.05 mg/m3, as Pb |
IDLH (NIOSH) |
40 mg/m3, as Pb |
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
Other animal data: It has been reported that signs of acute tetramethyl lead intoxication in rats were similar to that seen after acute poisoning with tetraethyl lead [ACGIH 1991]. |
Vapor Pressure |
23 mm Hg |
Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (mice) = 8,500 mg/m3/30M |
Flammability (NFPA) |
3: may ignite at ambient temperature |
Adverse Effects |
Anemia |
Anemia, Hemolytic |
Neurotoxin |
Other CNS Neurotoxin |
Hepatotoxin |
Hepatotoxin, Secondary |
Nephrotoxin |
Yes |
Reproductive Toxin |
Yes |
IARC Carcinogen |
Not Classifiable |
Links to Other NLM Databases |
Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: TETRAMETHYL LEAD
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