| Agent Name |
Sulfuric acid |
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| CAS Number |
7664-93-9 |
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| Formula |
H2-O4-S |
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| Major Category |
Toxic Gases & Vapors |
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| Synonyms |
Acide sulfurique [French]; Acido solforico [Italian]; Acido sulfurico [Spanish]; Acidum sulfuricum; BOV; Battery acid; Dihydrogen sulfate; Dipping acid; Electrolyte acid; Hydrogen sulfate; Mattling acid; Oil of vitreol; Oil of vitriol; Schwefelsaeure; Schwefelsaeureloesungen [German]; Sulfuric acid; Sulphuric acid; Vitriol Brown Oil; Zwavelzuuroplossingen [Dutch]; [ChemIDplus] UN1830; UN1832; UN2796 |
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| Category |
Acids |
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| Description |
Colorless to dark-brown, oily, odorless liquid. [Note: Pure compound is a solid below 51 degrees F. Often used in an aqueous solution.]; [NIOSH] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Used in the fertilizer, petroleum refining, and battery industries; also used in metal cleaning and electroplating; [ACGIH] Used in printing, publishing, and photography shops; [ATSDR ToxFAQs] |
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| Comments |
77%-98% acid causes second or third degree burns after short contact; [CHRIS] Solutions <30% are corrosive; solutions >30% are highly corrosive; [Quick CPC] "Human carcinogen" designation refers to sulfuric acid contained in strong inorganic acid mists. A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC] May cause erosion of teeth enamel; [HSDB] |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
No |
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| TIH |
Yes |
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| TLV (ACGIH) |
0.2 mg/m3, thoracic fraction |
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| PEL (OSHA) |
1 mg/m3 |
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| MAK |
0.1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction |
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| IDLH (NIOSH) |
15 mg/m3 |
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| Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs |
In exposures of 5 to 15 minutes, some volunteers found 5 mg/m3 to be very objectionable, while others found it less so [Amdur et al. 1952b]. |
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| Vapor Pressure |
5.93 x 10 -05 mm Hg |
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| Odor Threshold Low |
0.15 ppm |
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| Lethal Concentration |
LC50 (rats) = 510 mg/m3/2h |
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| Explanatory Notes |
Odor threshold from AIHA; The Guide from the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "Sulfuric acid, fuming." |
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| Reference Link |
ATSDR ToxFAQs - Sulfuric Acid |
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| Flammability (NFPA) |
0: will not burn |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| Toxic Pneumonitis |
Yes |
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| Dermatotoxin |
Skin Burns |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Known Carcinogen |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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| Health Studies |
Human Health Effects from Hazardous Substances Data Bank: SULFURIC ACID
|
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