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Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report
Part G. Section 9: Youth

Table G9.A3 Body Composition, Cross-Sectional Studies

Reference

Subjects

Results

Deheeger et al., 1997 (1)

N=86, 37% F, 10 years

No relationship

Guillaume et al., 1997 (2)

N=1,028, 6-12 years

M: small inverse relationship; F: no relationship

Schmidt et al., 1997 (3)

N=1,681, 6-16 years, 81% Asian

Active children have less adiposity than non-active

Ward et al., 1997 (4)

N=150, 100% F

Significant low correlation

Takada et al., 1998 (5)

N=457, 45% F, 10 years

No relationship

Raudsepp & Pall,1999 (6)

N=123, 100% F, 8.2±1.4 years

Significant low-moderate correlation

Rowlands et al., 1999 (7)

N=34, 50% F, 8-10 years

Moderate inverse correlation

Dionne et al., 2000 (8)

N=373, 0% F, 14.5±3.3 years

No relationship

Grund et al., 2000 (9)

N=88, 44% F, 5-11 years

No relationship

Kawabe et al., 2000 (10)

N=264, 0% F, 17-18 years

Active children have less adiposity than non-active

LeMura et al., 2000 (11)

N=54, 52% F, 9.5 years

Significant moderate inverse correlation

McMurray et al., 2000 (12)

N=2,389, 52% F, 10-16 years, 77% white, 23% AA

M: PA decreases risk of overweight; F: no relationship

Ball et al., 2001 (13)

N=106, 51% F, 7.8±1.9 years

Inverse correlation: Males: moderate; Females: low

Dowda et al., 2001 (14)

N=2,791, 8-16 years

Small inverse relationship

Eisenmann et al., 2002 (15)

N=15,143, 9th-12th graders

Small inverse relationship

Klentrou et al., 2003 (16)

N=256, 51% F, 14.3±0.3 years

Active children have less adiposity than non-active

Abbott & Davies, 2004 (17)

N=40, 53% F, 5-10 years

Moderate inverse correlation

Ara et al., 2004 (18)

N=114, 0% F, 9.4±1.5 years

Active children have less adiposity than non-active

Brage et al., 2004 (19)

N=589, 47% F, 9.6±0.4 years

No relationship

Ekelund et al., 2004 (20)

N=1,292, 51% F, 9-10 years

Significant low correlation

Forshee et al., 2004 (21)

N=2,216, 12-16 years

Active children have less adiposity than non-active

Janssen et al., 2004 (22)

N=5,890, 11-16 years

Low PA associated with overweight/obesity

Patrick et al., 2004 (23)

N=878, 54% F, 11-15 years

Low PA associated with overweight/obesity

Raustorp et al., 2004 (24)

N=871, 49% F, 7-14 years

No relationship

Ekelund et al., 2005 (25)

N=445, 57% F, 17 years

M: significant low inverse correlation, F: no relationship

Gutin et al., 2005 (26)

N=421, 53% F, 16.2±1.2 years, 49% white, 51% AA

Moderate inverse correlation

Klein-Platat et al., 2005 (27)

N=2,714, 50% F, 12 years

Significant low correlation

Rennie et al., 2005 (28)

N=100, 40% F, 6-8 years

Active energy expenditures and PA level are significant predictors of fat mass in non-obese

Treuth et al., 2005 (29)

N=229, 57% F, 7-19 years

Low-moderate correlation

Andersen et al., 2006 (30)

N=1,732, 53% F, 9 & 15 years

No relationship

Guerra et al., 2006 (31)

N=1,341, 53% F, 8-15 years

M: low PA risk for obesity; F: no relationship

Kruger et al., 2006 (32)

N=1,257, 10-15 years, 15% white, 73% AA

M: significant low inverse correlation; F: no relationship

Reference

Subjects

Results

Lohman et al., 2006 (33)

N=1,553, 100% F, 12.0±0.5 years, 45% white, 22% AA, 22% Hispanic

Significant low correlation

Ruiz et al., 2006 (34)

N=780, 51% F, 9-10 years

Significant inverse correlation

Dollman & Ridley, 2006 (35)

N=843, 48% F, 10-11 years

No relationship

Duncan et al., 2007 (36)

N=969, 53% F, 5-12 years

Inverse relationship with percent fat, not body mass index

Hussey et al., 2007 (37)

N=224, 63% F, 7-10 years

Low-moderate significant inverse correlation

Kelishadi et al., 2007 (38)

N=4,811, 53% F, 6-18 years

No relationship

Lioret et al., 2007 (39)

N=1,016, 3-14 years

Significant inverse relationship in 3-5 year olds

Rizzo et al., 2007 (40)

N=529. 50% F, 9 & 15 years

Inverse relationship

Saelens et al., 2007 (41)

N=42, 50% F, 8 years

Significant low-moderate correlation

Stallmann-Jorgensen et al., 2007 (42)

N=661, 50% F, 14-18 years, 51% white, 49% AA

Significant moderate correlation

Stevens et al., 2007 (43)

N=984, 100% F, 6th and 8th graders, mixed race/ethnicity

Moderate association of moderate to vigorous PA and risk of overweight/high percent fat

Thavendiranathan et al., 2007 (44)

N=147, 12.5±3.2 years

No relationship

Wittmeier et al., 2007 (45)

N=251, 48% F, 8-11 years

Low inverse correlation of energy expenditure and PA with fat mass standardized for height

AA, African American; F, female; M, male; N, number, PA, physical activity

Reference List

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  3. Schmidt GJ, Stensel DJ, Walkuski JJ. Blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, body fat and physical activity of Singapore children. J.Paediatr.Child Health 1997 Dec;33(6):484-90.
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  5. Takada H, Harrell J, Deng S, Bandgiwala S, Washino K, Iwata H. Eating habits, activity, lipids and body mass index in Japanese children: the Shiratori Children Study. Int.J.Obes.Relat Metab Disord. 1998 May;22(5):470-6.
  6. Raudsepp L, Pall P. Physical growth and fatness as related to physical activity in preadolescent girls. Coll.Antropol. 1999 Jun;23(1):53-8.
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  13. Ball K, Owen N, Salmon J, Bauman A, Gore CJ. Associations of physical activity with body weight and fat in men and women. Int.J.Obes.Relat Metab Disord. 2001 Jun;25(6):914-9.
  14. Dowda M, Ainsworth BE, Addy CL, Saunders R, Riner W. Environmental influences, physical activity, and weight status in 8- to 16-year-olds. Arch.Pediatr.Adolesc.Med. 2001 Jun;155(6):711-7.
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  16. Klentrou P, Hay J, Plyley M. Habitual physical activity levels and health outcomes of Ontario youth. Eur.J.Appl.Physiol 2003 Jun;89(5):460-5.
  17. Abbott RA, Davies PS. Habitual physical activity and physical activity intensity: their relation to body composition in 5.0-10.5-y-old children. Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 2004 Feb;58(2):285-91.
  18. Ara I, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Jimenez-Ramirez J, Dorado C, Serrano-Sanchez JA, Calbet JA. Regular participation in sports is associated with enhanced physical fitness and lower fat mass in prepubertal boys. Int.J.Obes.Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Dec;28(12):1585-93.
  19. Brage S, Wedderkopp N, Ekelund U, Franks PW, Wareham NJ, Andersen LB, Froberg K. Features of the metabolic syndrome are associated with objectively measured physical activity and fitness in Danish children: the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS). Diabetes Care 2004 Sep;27(9):2141-8.
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  21. Forshee RA, Anderson PA, Storey ML. The role of beverage consumption, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and demographics on body mass index of adolescents. Int.J.Food Sci.Nutr. 2004 Sep;55(6):463-78.
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  24. Raustorp A, Pangrazi RP, Stahle A. Physical activity level and body mass index among schoolchildren in south-eastern Sweden. Acta Paediatr. 2004 Mar;93(3):400-4.
  25. Ekelund U, Neovius M, Linne Y, Brage S, Wareham NJ, Rossner S. Associations between physical activity and fat mass in adolescents: the Stockholm Weight Development Study. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2005 Feb;81(2):355-60.
  26. Gutin B, Yin Z, Humphries MC, Barbeau P. Relations of moderate and vigorous physical activity to fitness and fatness in adolescents. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2005 Apr;81(4):746-50.
  27. Klein-Platat C, Oujaa M, Wagner A, Haan MC, Arveiler D, Schlienger JL, Simon C. Physical activity is inversely related to waist circumference in 12-y-old French adolescents. Int.J.Obes.(Lond) 2005 Jan;29(1):9-14.
  28. Rennie KL, Livingstone MB, Wells JC, McGloin A, Coward WA, Prentice AM, Jebb SA. Association of physical activity with body-composition indexes in children aged 6-8 y at varied risk of obesity. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2005 Jul;82(1):13-20.
  29. Treuth MS, Hou N, Young DR, Maynard LM. Accelerometry-measured activity or sedentary time and overweight in rural boys and girls. Obes.Res. 2005 Sep;13(9):1606-14.
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  31. Guerra S, Teixeira-Pinto A, Ribeiro JC, Ascensao A, Magalhaes J, Andersen LB, Duarte JA, Mota J. Relationship between physical activity and obesity in children and adolescents. J.Sports Med.Phys.Fitness 2006 Mar;46(1):79-83.
  32. Kruger R, Kruger HS, Macintyre UE. The determinants of overweight and obesity among 10- to 15-year-old schoolchildren in the North West Province, South Africa - the THUSA BANA (Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South Africans; BANA, children) study. Public Health Nutr. 2006 May;9(3):351-8.
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