Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
1993 Citations
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- Anderson, J. L., 1993: The climatology of blocking in a numerical
forecast model. Journal of Climate, 6(6), 1041-1056.
Abstract
- Anderson, J. L., 1993: Return of skill in extended range forecasts.
In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U.S.
Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 416-418.
[No abstract]
- Bender, M. A., I. Ginis, and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Numerical simulations
of tropical cyclone-ocean interaction with a high-resolution coupled model.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D12), 23,245-23,263.
Abstract
- Bender, M. A., R. J. Ross, R. E. Tuleya, and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Improvements
in tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts using the GFDL initialization
system. Monthly Weather Review, 121(D7), 2046-2061.
Abstract
- Broccoli, A. J., and S. Manabe, 1993: Climate model studies of interactions
between ice sheets and the atmosphere-ocean system. In Ice in the
Climate System, W. R. Peltier, ed., NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 12, Berlin;
Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 271-290.
Abstract
- Cess, R. D., M-H. Zhang, G. L. Potter, H. W. Barker, R. A. Colman,
D. A. Dazlich, A. D. Del Genio, M. Esch, J. R, Fraser, V. Galin, W. L.
Gates, J. J. Hack, W. J. Ingram, J. T. Kiehl, A. A. Lacis, H. Le Treut,
Z-X. Li, X-Z. Liang, J.-F. Mahfouf, B. J. McAvaney, V. P. Meleshko, J.-J.
Morcrette, D. A. Randall, E. Roeckner, J.-F. Royer, A. P. Sokolov, P. V.
Sporyshev, K. E. Taylor, W-C. Wang, and R. T. Wetherald, 1993: Uncertainties
in carbon dioxide radiative forcing in atmospheric general circulation
models. Science, 262(5137), 1252-1255.
Abstract
- Chang, E. K. M., 1993: Downstream development of baroclinic waves
as inferred from regression analysis. Journal of the Atmospheric
Sciences, 50(13), 2038-2053.
Abstract
- Chang, E. K. M., and I. Orlanski, 1993: On the dynamics of a storm
track. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(7), 999-1015.
Abstract
- Chao, Y., and S. G. H. Philander, 1993: On the structure of the
southern oscillation. Journal of Climate, 6(3), 450-469.
Abstract
- Delworth, T. L., S. Manabe, and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Interdecadal
variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere
model. Journal of Climate, 6(11), 1993-2011.
Abstract
- Delworth, T., and S. Manabe, 1993: Climate variability and land-surface
processes. Advances in Water Resources, 16, 3-20.
Abstract
- Donner, L. J., 1993: A cumulus parameterization including mass fluxes,
vertical momentum dynamics, and mesoscale effects. Journal of the
Atmospheric Sciences, 50(6), 889-906.
Abstract
- Donner, L. J., 1993: Radiative interactions with convective systems:
implications for cumulus parameterization. In IRS '92: Current Problems
in Atmospheric Radiation, Hampton, VA: A. Deepak Publishing, 27-31.
Abstract
- Ezer, T., G. L. Mellor, D. Ko, and Z. Sirkes, 1993: A comparison
of Gulf Stream sea surface height fields derived from Geosat altimeter
data and those derived from sea surface temperature data. Journal
of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 10(1), 76-87.
Abstract
- Fasham, M. J. R., J. L. Sarmiento, R. D. Slater, H. W. Ducklow, and
R. Williams, 1993: Ecosystem behavior at Bermuda Station "S"
and Ocean Weather Station "India": A general circulation model
and observational analysis. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(2),
379-415.
Abstract
- Freidenreich, S. M., and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Solar radiation absorption
by CO2, overlap with H2O,
and a parameterization for general circulation models. Journal of
Geophysical Research, 98(D4), 7255-7264.
Abstract
- Gates, W. L., U. Cubasch, G. A. Meehl, J. F. B. Mitchell, and R. J.
Stouffer, 1993: An Intercomparison of Selected Features of the Control
Climates Simulated by Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Models,
World Meteorological Organization, The Steering Group on Global Climate
Modelling, WCRP-82 WMO/TD No. 574, 46 pp.
[No abstract]
- Gerdes, R., 1993: A primitive equation ocean circulation model using
a general vertical coordinate transformation 1. Description and testing
of the model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C8),
14,683-14,701.
Abstract
- Gerdes, R., 1993: A primitive equation ocean circulation model using
a general vertical coordinate transformation 2. Application to an overflow
problem. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C8), 14,703-14,736.
Abstract
- Hamilton, K., 1993: An examination of observed southern oscillation
effects in the northern hemisphere stratosphere. Journal of the
Atmospheric Sciences, 50(20), 3468-3473.
Abstract
- Hamilton, K., 1993: A general circulation model simulation of El
Niño effects in the extratropical northern hemisphere stratosphere.
Geophysical Research Letters, 20(17), 1803-1806.
Abstract
- Hamilton, K., October 1993: Model simulation of the stratospheric
penetration of the southern oscillation. TOGA Notes, (13),
7-11.
[No abstract]
- Hamilton, K., 1993: What we can learn from general circulation models
about the spectrum of middle atmospheric motions. In Coupling Processes
in the Lower and Middle Atmosphere, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 161-174.
Abstract
- Hayashi, Y., and D. G. Golder, 1993: Tropical 40-50- and 25-30-day
oscillations appearing in realistic and idealized GFDL climate models and
the ECMWF dataset. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(3),
464-494.
Abstract
- Held, I. M., 1993: Large-scale dynamics and global warming.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74(2), 228-241.
Abstract
- Held, I. M., R. S. Hemler, and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative-convective
equilibrium with explicit two-dimensional moist convection. Journal
of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(23), 3909-3927.
Abstract
- Held, I. M., and P. J. Phillipps, 1993: Sensitivity of the eddy
momentum flux to meridional resolution in atmospheric GCMs. Journal
of Climate, 6(3), 499-507.
Abstract
- Imbrie, J., A. Berger, E. A. Boyle, S. C. Clemens, A. Duffy, W. R.
Howard, G. Kukla, J. Kutzbach, D. G. Martinson, A. McIntyre, A. C. Mix,
B. Molfino, J. J. Morley, L. C. Peterson, N. G. Pisias, W. L. Prell, M.
E. Raymo, N. J. Shackleton, and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: On the structure
and origin of major glaciation cycles 2. The 100,000-year cycle. Paleoceanography,
8(6), 699-735.
Abstract
- Jewell, P. W., R. F. Stallard, and G. L. Mellor, 1993: Numerical
studies of bottom shear stress and sediment distribution on the Amazon
continental shelf. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 63(4),
734-745.
Abstract
- Kasibhatla, P. S., H. Levy II, and W. J. Moxim, 1993: Global NOx,
HNO3, PAN, and NOy
dstributions from fossil fuel combustion emissions: A model study.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D4), 7165-7180.
Abstract
- Key, R. M., and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: First results in from Pacific
14C Program. WOCE Notes, 5(3), 1-8.
[No abstract]
- Kurihara, Y., 1993: Hurricanes and atmospheric processes. In
Relating Geophysical Structures and Processes: The Jeffreys Volume,
Geophysical Monograph 76, IUGG Volume 16, American Geophysical Union, 19-26.
Abstract
- Kurihara, Y., 1993: Surface conditions in tropical cyclone models,
In Modelling Severe Weather, Papers presented at the Fourth BMRC
Modelling Workshop, 26-29 October 1992, BMRC Research Report No. 39, 69-74.
[No abstract]
- Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, and R. J. Ross, 1993: An initialization
scheme of hurricane models by vortex specification. Monthly Weather
Review, 121(7), 2030-2045.
Abstract
- Kurihara, Y., R. E. Tuleya, M. A. Bender, and R. J. Ross, 1993: Advanced
modeling of tropical cyclones. In Tropical Cyclone Disasters,
Proceedings of ICSU/WMO International Symposium, October 12-16, 1992, Beijing,
China: Peking University Press, 190-201.
Abstract
- Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, R. E. Tuleya, and R. J. Ross, 1993: Hurricane
forecasting with the GFDL automated prediction system. In Preprints,
20th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, 10-14 May
1993, San Antonio, TX, American Meteorological Society, 323-326.
[No abstract]
- Lanzante, J. R., 1993: Circulation response in GFDL increased CO2
experiments and comparison with observed data. In Proceedings of
the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U.S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS,
248-253.
[No abstract]
- Lau, N-C., 1992-1993: The Antarctic ozone hole story. United
Bulletin, [Published by the United College, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong], 49, 49-53.
Abstract
- Lee, S., and I. M. Held, 1993: Baroclinic wave packets in models
and observations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(10),
1413-1428.
Abstract
- Levy, H., II, W. J. Moxim, and P. S. Kasibhatla, 1993: Impact of
global NOx sources on the northern latitudes.
In The Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in the Polar Regions, NATO
ASI Series I, Vol. 7, Spinger-Verlag, 77-88.
[No abstract]
- Liu, Z., 1993: Notes and Correspondence: Interannual positive feedbacks
in a simple extratropical air-sea coupling system. Journal of the
Atmospheric Sciences, 50(17), 3022-3028.
Abstract
- Liu, Z., 1993: Thermocline forced by varying Ekman pumping. Part
I: Spinup and Spindown. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(12),
2505-2522.
Abstract
- Liu, Z., 1993: Thermocline forced by varying Ekman pumping. Part
II: Annual and decadal Ekman pumping. Journal of Physical Oceanography,
23(12), 2523-2540.
Abstract
- Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Century-scale effects of increased
atmospheric CO2 on the ocean-atmosphere system. Nature,
364(6434), 215-218.
Abstract
- Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Reply. Journal of Climate
6(1), 178-179.
[No abstract]
- Manzini, E., and K. P. Hamilton, 1993: Middle atmospheric traveling
waves forced by latent and convective heating. Journal of the Atmospheric
Sciences, 50(14), 2180-2200.
Abstract
- Matano, R. P., 1993: On the separation of the Brazil Current from
the coast. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(1), 79-90.
Abstract
- Matano, R. P., and S. G. H. Philander, 1993: Heat and mass balances
of the South Atlantic Ocean calculated from a numerical model. Journal
of Geophysical Research, 98(C1), 977-984.
Abstract
- Milly, P. C. D., 1993: An analytic solution of the stochastic storage
problem applicable to soil water. Water Resources Research,
29(11), 3755-3758.
Abstract
- Milly, P. C. D., 1993: Sensitivity of the global water cycle to
the water-holding capacity of soils. In Exchange Processes at the
Land Surface for a Range of Space and Time Scales, IAHS Publication
No. 212, 495-501.
Abstract
- Murphy, E., J. Field, B. Kagan, C. Lin, V. Ryabchenko, J. Sarmiento,
and J. Steele, 1993: Global extrapolation. In Towards a Model
of Ocean Biogeochemical Processes, NATO Series I, Vol. 10, Berlin:
Springer-Verlag, 21-46.
[No abstract]
- Najjar, R. G., and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: Reply to the comment
by Jackson. Limnology and Oceanography, 38(6), 1331-1332.
[No abstract]
- Nakamura, H., 1993: Notes and Correspondence: Horizontal divergence
associated with zonally isolated jet streams. Journal of the Atmospheric
Sciences, 50(14), 2310-2313.
Abstract
- Nakamura, H., and J. M. Wallace, 1993: Synoptic behavior of baroclinic
eddies during the blocking onset. Monthly Weather Review, 121(7),
1892-1903.
Abstract
- Nakamura, N.,1993: An illustrative model of instabilities in meridionally
and vertically sheared flows. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
50(3), 357-375.
Abstract
- Nakamura, N., 1993: Momentum flux, flow symmetry, and the nonlinear
barotropic governor. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(14),
2159-2179.
Abstract
- Oey, L-Y., and G. L. Mellor, 1993: Subtidal variability of estuarine
outflow, plume, and coastal current: A model study. Journal of Physical
Oceanography, 23(1), 164-171.
Abstract
- Oort, A. H., 1993: Observed humidity trends in the atmosphere.
In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop,
U.S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 24-30.
[No abstract]
- Oort, A. H., and H. Liu, 1993: Upper-air temperature trends over
the globe, 1958-1989. Journal of Climate, 6(2), 292-307.
Abstract
- Orlanski, I., and E. K. M. Chang, 1993: Ageostrophic geopotential
fluxes in downstream and upstream development of baroclinic waves.
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(2), 212-225.
Abstract
- Orlanski, I., and J. Sheldon, 1993: A case of downstream baroclinic
development over western North America. Monthly Weather Review,
121, 2929-2950.
Abstract
- Peixoto, J. P., and A. H. Oort, 1992-1993: O forçamento do
estado médio zonal da atmosfera. (The forcing of the zonal mean
state of the atmosphere.) Memórias Da Academia Das Ciências
De Lisboa, (Classe De Ciências), 32, 149-174.
Abstract
- Perliski, L. M., and S. Solomon, 1993: On the evaluation of air
mass factors for atmospheric near-ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D6), 10,363-10,374.
Abstract
- Philander, S. G. H., 1993: Ocean-atmosphere interactions in the
tropics. In Modelling Oceanic Climate Interactions, NATO ASI
Series I, Vol. 11, Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 35-65.
[No abstract]
- Ramaswamy, V., and C. T. Chen, 1993: An investigation of the global
solar radiative forcing due to changes in cloud liquid water path.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D9), 16,703-16,712.
Abstract
- Ross, R. J., and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Hurricane-environment interaction
in hurricanes Gloria and Gilbert. In Preprints, 20th Conference
on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, San Antonio, TX: American Meteorological
Society, 27-30.
[No abstract]
- Sarmiento, J. L., 1993: Atmospheric CO2
stalled. Nature, 365, 697-698.
[No abstract]
- Sarmiento, J. L., R. D. Slater, M. J. R. Fasham, H. W. Ducklow, J.
R. Toggweiler, and G. T. Evans, 1993: A seasonal three-dimensional ecosystem
model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic euphotic zone. Global
Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(2), 417-450.
Abstract
- Schwarzkopf, M. D., and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative forcing due
to ozone in the 1980s: Dependence on altitude of ozone change. Geophysical
Research Letters, 20(2), 205-208.
Abstract
- Siegenthaler, U., and J. L. Sarmiento, 1993: Atmospheric carbon
dioxide the ocean. Nature, 365(6442), 119-125.
Abstract
- Slater, R. D., J. L. Sarmiento, and M. J. R. Fasham, 1993: Some
parametric and structural simulations with a three-dimensional ecosystem
model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic euphotic zone. In Towards
a Model of Ocean Biogeochemical Processes, NATO Series I, Vol. 10,
Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 261-294.
[No abstract]
- Soden, B. J., and F. P. Bretherton, 1993: Upper troposphere relative
humidity from the GOES 6.7 µm Channel: Method and climatology for
July 1987. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D9), 16,669-16,688.
Abstract
- Stephenson, D. B., and I. M. Held, 1993: GCM response of northern
winter stationary waves and storm tracks to increasing amounts of carbon
dioxide. Journal of Climate, 6(10), 1859-1870.
Abstract
- Ting, M., and N. Lau, 1993: A diagnostic and modeling study of the
monthly mean wintertime anomalies appearing in a 100-year GCM experiment.
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(17), 2845-2867.
Abstract
- Toggweiler, J. R., 1993: Carbon overconsumption. Nature,
363(6426), 210-211.
[No abstract]
- Toggweiler, J. R., and J. Orr, 1993: Summary of Workshop on Dissolved
Organic Carbon in the Ocean. In The Global Carbon Cycle, NATO
ASI Series - Vol. 115. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 583-584.
[No abstract]
- Toggweiler, J. R., and B. Samuels, 1993: Is the magnitude of the
deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by Southern Hemisphere
winds? In The Global Carbon Cycle, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
303-331.
Abstract
- Toggweiler, J. R., and B. Samuels, 1993: New radiocarbon constraints
on the upwelling of abyssal water to the ocean's surface. In The
Global Carbon Cycle, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 333-366.
Abstract
- Tziperman, E., and K. Bryan, 1993: Estimating global air-sea fluxes
from surface properties and from climatological flux data using an oceanic
general circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research,
98(C12), 22,629-22,644.
Abstract
- Wu, G., and N. Lau, 1993: Reply. Monthly Weather Review,
121, 2144-2146.
[No abstract]
- Xie, S., A. Kubokawa, and K. Hanawa, 1993: Evaporation-wind feedback
and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part
II: Nonlinear evolution. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
50(23), 3884-3893.
Abstract
- Xue, H., and G. Mellor, 1993: Instability of the Gulf Stream front
in the South Atlantic Bight. Journal of Physical Oceanography,
23(11), 2326-2350.
Abstract