Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

1993 Citations

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  1. Anderson, J. L., 1993: The climatology of blocking in a numerical forecast model. Journal of Climate, 6(6), 1041-1056.
    Abstract

  2. Anderson, J. L., 1993: Return of skill in extended range forecasts. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U.S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 416-418.
    [No abstract]

  3. Bender, M. A., I. Ginis, and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Numerical simulations of tropical cyclone-ocean interaction with a high-resolution coupled model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D12), 23,245-23,263.
    Abstract

  4. Bender, M. A., R. J. Ross, R. E. Tuleya, and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Improvements in tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts using the GFDL initialization system. Monthly Weather Review, 121(D7), 2046-2061.
    Abstract

  5. Broccoli, A. J., and S. Manabe, 1993: Climate model studies of interactions between ice sheets and the atmosphere-ocean system. In Ice in the Climate System, W. R. Peltier, ed., NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 12, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 271-290.
    Abstract

  6. Cess, R. D., M-H. Zhang, G. L. Potter, H. W. Barker, R. A. Colman, D. A. Dazlich, A. D. Del Genio, M. Esch, J. R, Fraser, V. Galin, W. L. Gates, J. J. Hack, W. J. Ingram, J. T. Kiehl, A. A. Lacis, H. Le Treut, Z-X. Li, X-Z. Liang, J.-F. Mahfouf, B. J. McAvaney, V. P. Meleshko, J.-J. Morcrette, D. A. Randall, E. Roeckner, J.-F. Royer, A. P. Sokolov, P. V. Sporyshev, K. E. Taylor, W-C. Wang, and R. T. Wetherald, 1993: Uncertainties in carbon dioxide radiative forcing in atmospheric general circulation models. Science, 262(5137), 1252-1255.
    Abstract

  7. Chang, E. K. M., 1993: Downstream development of baroclinic waves as inferred from regression analysis. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(13), 2038-2053.
    Abstract

  8. Chang, E. K. M., and I. Orlanski, 1993: On the dynamics of a storm track. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(7), 999-1015.
    Abstract

  9. Chao, Y., and S. G. H. Philander, 1993: On the structure of the southern oscillation. Journal of Climate, 6(3), 450-469.
    Abstract

  10. Delworth, T. L., S. Manabe, and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Interdecadal variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Journal of Climate, 6(11), 1993-2011.
    Abstract

  11. Delworth, T., and S. Manabe, 1993: Climate variability and land-surface processes. Advances in Water Resources, 16, 3-20.
    Abstract

  12. Donner, L. J., 1993: A cumulus parameterization including mass fluxes, vertical momentum dynamics, and mesoscale effects. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(6), 889-906.
    Abstract

  13. Donner, L. J., 1993: Radiative interactions with convective systems: implications for cumulus parameterization. In IRS '92: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, Hampton, VA: A. Deepak Publishing, 27-31.
    Abstract

  14. Ezer, T., G. L. Mellor, D. Ko, and Z. Sirkes, 1993: A comparison of Gulf Stream sea surface height fields derived from Geosat altimeter data and those derived from sea surface temperature data. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 10(1), 76-87.
    Abstract

  15. Fasham, M. J. R., J. L. Sarmiento, R. D. Slater, H. W. Ducklow, and R. Williams, 1993: Ecosystem behavior at Bermuda Station "S" and Ocean Weather Station "India": A general circulation model and observational analysis. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(2), 379-415.
    Abstract

  16. Freidenreich, S. M., and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Solar radiation absorption by CO2, overlap with H2O, and a parameterization for general circulation models. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D4), 7255-7264.
    Abstract

  17. Gates, W. L., U. Cubasch, G. A. Meehl, J. F. B. Mitchell, and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: An Intercomparison of Selected Features of the Control Climates Simulated by Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere General Circulation Models, World Meteorological Organization, The Steering Group on Global Climate Modelling, WCRP-82 WMO/TD No. 574, 46 pp.
    [No abstract]

  18. Gerdes, R., 1993: A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation 1. Description and testing of the model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C8), 14,683-14,701.
    Abstract

  19. Gerdes, R., 1993: A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation 2. Application to an overflow problem. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C8), 14,703-14,736.
    Abstract

  20. Hamilton, K., 1993: An examination of observed southern oscillation effects in the northern hemisphere stratosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(20), 3468-3473.
    Abstract

  21. Hamilton, K., 1993: A general circulation model simulation of El Niño effects in the extratropical northern hemisphere stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 20(17), 1803-1806.
    Abstract

  22. Hamilton, K., October 1993: Model simulation of the stratospheric penetration of the southern oscillation. TOGA Notes, (13), 7-11.
    [No abstract]

  23. Hamilton, K., 1993: What we can learn from general circulation models about the spectrum of middle atmospheric motions. In Coupling Processes in the Lower and Middle Atmosphere, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 161-174.
    Abstract

  24. Hayashi, Y., and D. G. Golder, 1993: Tropical 40-50- and 25-30-day oscillations appearing in realistic and idealized GFDL climate models and the ECMWF dataset. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(3), 464-494.
    Abstract

  25. Held, I. M., 1993: Large-scale dynamics and global warming. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74(2), 228-241.
    Abstract

  26. Held, I. M., R. S. Hemler, and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative-convective equilibrium with explicit two-dimensional moist convection. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(23), 3909-3927.
    Abstract

  27. Held, I. M., and P. J. Phillipps, 1993: Sensitivity of the eddy momentum flux to meridional resolution in atmospheric GCMs. Journal of Climate, 6(3), 499-507.
    Abstract

  28. Imbrie, J., A. Berger, E. A. Boyle, S. C. Clemens, A. Duffy, W. R. Howard, G. Kukla, J. Kutzbach, D. G. Martinson, A. McIntyre, A. C. Mix, B. Molfino, J. J. Morley, L. C. Peterson, N. G. Pisias, W. L. Prell, M. E. Raymo, N. J. Shackleton, and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles 2. The 100,000-year cycle. Paleoceanography, 8(6), 699-735.
    Abstract

  29. Jewell, P. W., R. F. Stallard, and G. L. Mellor, 1993: Numerical studies of bottom shear stress and sediment distribution on the Amazon continental shelf. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 63(4), 734-745.
    Abstract

  30. Kasibhatla, P. S., H. Levy II, and W. J. Moxim, 1993: Global NOx, HNO3, PAN, and NOy dstributions from fossil fuel combustion emissions: A model study. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D4), 7165-7180.
    Abstract

  31. Key, R. M., and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: First results in from Pacific 14C Program. WOCE Notes, 5(3), 1-8.
    [No abstract]

  32. Kurihara, Y., 1993: Hurricanes and atmospheric processes. In Relating Geophysical Structures and Processes: The Jeffreys Volume, Geophysical Monograph 76, IUGG Volume 16, American Geophysical Union, 19-26.
    Abstract

  33. Kurihara, Y., 1993: Surface conditions in tropical cyclone models, In Modelling Severe Weather, Papers presented at the Fourth BMRC Modelling Workshop, 26-29 October 1992, BMRC Research Report No. 39, 69-74.
    [No abstract]

  34. Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, and R. J. Ross, 1993: An initialization scheme of hurricane models by vortex specification. Monthly Weather Review, 121(7), 2030-2045.
    Abstract

  35. Kurihara, Y., R. E. Tuleya, M. A. Bender, and R. J. Ross, 1993: Advanced modeling of tropical cyclones. In Tropical Cyclone Disasters, Proceedings of ICSU/WMO International Symposium, October 12-16, 1992, Beijing, China: Peking University Press, 190-201.
    Abstract

  36. Kurihara, Y., M. A. Bender, R. E. Tuleya, and R. J. Ross, 1993: Hurricane forecasting with the GFDL automated prediction system. In Preprints, 20th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, 10-14 May 1993, San Antonio, TX, American Meteorological Society, 323-326.
    [No abstract]

  37. Lanzante, J. R., 1993: Circulation response in GFDL increased CO2 experiments and comparison with observed data. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U.S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 248-253.
    [No abstract]

  38. Lau, N-C., 1992-1993: The Antarctic ozone hole story. United Bulletin, [Published by the United College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong], 49, 49-53.
    Abstract

  39. Lee, S., and I. M. Held, 1993: Baroclinic wave packets in models and observations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(10), 1413-1428.
    Abstract

  40. Levy, H., II, W. J. Moxim, and P. S. Kasibhatla, 1993: Impact of global NOx sources on the northern latitudes. In The Tropospheric Chemistry of Ozone in the Polar Regions, NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 7, Spinger-Verlag, 77-88.
    [No abstract]

  41. Liu, Z., 1993: Notes and Correspondence: Interannual positive feedbacks in a simple extratropical air-sea coupling system. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(17), 3022-3028.
    Abstract

  42. Liu, Z., 1993: Thermocline forced by varying Ekman pumping. Part I: Spinup and Spindown. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(12), 2505-2522.
    Abstract

  43. Liu, Z., 1993: Thermocline forced by varying Ekman pumping. Part II: Annual and decadal Ekman pumping. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(12), 2523-2540.
    Abstract

  44. Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Century-scale effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on the ocean-atmosphere system. Nature, 364(6434), 215-218.
    Abstract

  45. Manabe, S., and R. J. Stouffer, 1993: Reply. Journal of Climate 6(1), 178-179.
    [No abstract]

  46. Manzini, E., and K. P. Hamilton, 1993: Middle atmospheric traveling waves forced by latent and convective heating. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(14), 2180-2200.
    Abstract

  47. Matano, R. P., 1993: On the separation of the Brazil Current from the coast. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(1), 79-90.
    Abstract

  48. Matano, R. P., and S. G. H. Philander, 1993: Heat and mass balances of the South Atlantic Ocean calculated from a numerical model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C1), 977-984.
    Abstract

  49. Milly, P. C. D., 1993: An analytic solution of the stochastic storage problem applicable to soil water. Water Resources Research, 29(11), 3755-3758.
    Abstract

  50. Milly, P. C. D., 1993: Sensitivity of the global water cycle to the water-holding capacity of soils. In Exchange Processes at the Land Surface for a Range of Space and Time Scales, IAHS Publication No. 212, 495-501.
    Abstract

  51. Murphy, E., J. Field, B. Kagan, C. Lin, V. Ryabchenko, J. Sarmiento, and J. Steele, 1993: Global extrapolation. In Towards a Model of Ocean Biogeochemical Processes, NATO Series I, Vol. 10, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 21-46.
    [No abstract]

  52. Najjar, R. G., and J. R. Toggweiler, 1993: Reply to the comment by Jackson. Limnology and Oceanography, 38(6), 1331-1332.
    [No abstract]

  53. Nakamura, H., 1993: Notes and Correspondence: Horizontal divergence associated with zonally isolated jet streams. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(14), 2310-2313.
    Abstract

  54. Nakamura, H., and J. M. Wallace, 1993: Synoptic behavior of baroclinic eddies during the blocking onset. Monthly Weather Review, 121(7), 1892-1903.
    Abstract

  55. Nakamura, N.,1993: An illustrative model of instabilities in meridionally and vertically sheared flows. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(3), 357-375.
    Abstract

  56. Nakamura, N., 1993: Momentum flux, flow symmetry, and the nonlinear barotropic governor. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(14), 2159-2179.
    Abstract

  57. Oey, L-Y., and G. L. Mellor, 1993: Subtidal variability of estuarine outflow, plume, and coastal current: A model study. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(1), 164-171.
    Abstract

  58. Oort, A. H., 1993: Observed humidity trends in the atmosphere. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Climate Diagnostics Workshop, U.S. Dept. of Commerce/NOAA/NWS, 24-30.
    [No abstract]

  59. Oort, A. H., and H. Liu, 1993: Upper-air temperature trends over the globe, 1958-1989. Journal of Climate, 6(2), 292-307.
    Abstract

  60. Orlanski, I., and E. K. M. Chang, 1993: Ageostrophic geopotential fluxes in downstream and upstream development of baroclinic waves. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(2), 212-225.
    Abstract

  61. Orlanski, I., and J. Sheldon, 1993: A case of downstream baroclinic development over western North America. Monthly Weather Review, 121, 2929-2950.
    Abstract

  62. Peixoto, J. P., and A. H. Oort, 1992-1993: O forçamento do estado médio zonal da atmosfera. (The forcing of the zonal mean state of the atmosphere.) Memórias Da Academia Das Ciências De Lisboa, (Classe De Ciências), 32, 149-174.
    Abstract

  63. Perliski, L. M., and S. Solomon, 1993: On the evaluation of air mass factors for atmospheric near-ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D6), 10,363-10,374.
    Abstract

  64. Philander, S. G. H., 1993: Ocean-atmosphere interactions in the tropics. In Modelling Oceanic Climate Interactions, NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 11, Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 35-65.
    [No abstract]

  65. Ramaswamy, V., and C. T. Chen, 1993: An investigation of the global solar radiative forcing due to changes in cloud liquid water path. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D9), 16,703-16,712.
    Abstract

  66. Ross, R. J., and Y. Kurihara, 1993: Hurricane-environment interaction in hurricanes Gloria and Gilbert. In Preprints, 20th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, San Antonio, TX: American Meteorological Society, 27-30.
    [No abstract]

  67. Sarmiento, J. L., 1993: Atmospheric CO2 stalled. Nature, 365, 697-698.
    [No abstract]

  68. Sarmiento, J. L., R. D. Slater, M. J. R. Fasham, H. W. Ducklow, J. R. Toggweiler, and G. T. Evans, 1993: A seasonal three-dimensional ecosystem model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic euphotic zone. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7(2), 417-450.
    Abstract

  69. Schwarzkopf, M. D., and V. Ramaswamy, 1993: Radiative forcing due to ozone in the 1980s: Dependence on altitude of ozone change. Geophysical Research Letters, 20(2), 205-208.
    Abstract

  70. Siegenthaler, U., and J. L. Sarmiento, 1993: Atmospheric carbon dioxide the ocean. Nature, 365(6442), 119-125.
    Abstract

  71. Slater, R. D., J. L. Sarmiento, and M. J. R. Fasham, 1993: Some parametric and structural simulations with a three-dimensional ecosystem model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic euphotic zone. In Towards a Model of Ocean Biogeochemical Processes, NATO Series I, Vol. 10, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 261-294.
    [No abstract]

  72. Soden, B. J., and F. P. Bretherton, 1993: Upper troposphere relative humidity from the GOES 6.7 µm Channel: Method and climatology for July 1987. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D9), 16,669-16,688.
    Abstract

  73. Stephenson, D. B., and I. M. Held, 1993: GCM response of northern winter stationary waves and storm tracks to increasing amounts of carbon dioxide. Journal of Climate, 6(10), 1859-1870.
    Abstract

  74. Ting, M., and N. Lau, 1993: A diagnostic and modeling study of the monthly mean wintertime anomalies appearing in a 100-year GCM experiment. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(17), 2845-2867.
    Abstract

  75. Toggweiler, J. R., 1993: Carbon overconsumption. Nature, 363(6426), 210-211.
    [No abstract]

  76. Toggweiler, J. R., and J. Orr, 1993: Summary of Workshop on Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Ocean. In The Global Carbon Cycle, NATO ASI Series - Vol. 115. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 583-584.
    [No abstract]

  77. Toggweiler, J. R., and B. Samuels, 1993: Is the magnitude of the deep outflow from the Atlantic Ocean actually governed by Southern Hemisphere winds? In The Global Carbon Cycle, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. 303-331.
    Abstract

  78. Toggweiler, J. R., and B. Samuels, 1993: New radiocarbon constraints on the upwelling of abyssal water to the ocean's surface. In The Global Carbon Cycle, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 333-366.
    Abstract

  79. Tziperman, E., and K. Bryan, 1993: Estimating global air-sea fluxes from surface properties and from climatological flux data using an oceanic general circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C12), 22,629-22,644.
    Abstract

  80. Wu, G., and N. Lau, 1993: Reply. Monthly Weather Review, 121, 2144-2146.
    [No abstract]

  81. Xie, S., A. Kubokawa, and K. Hanawa, 1993: Evaporation-wind feedback and the organizing of tropical convection on the planetary scale. Part II: Nonlinear evolution. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(23), 3884-3893.
    Abstract

  82. Xue, H., and G. Mellor, 1993: Instability of the Gulf Stream front in the South Atlantic Bight. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 23(11), 2326-2350.
    Abstract