The lessons learned from the Cramer Fire tragedy are not new. And
there are NO silver bullets available to ensure that another Cramer,
Thirtymile, or South Canyon tragedy will ever happen again. No matter
the policy, quality of management or the amount of oversight –
when it comes to Fireline Survival – the ONLY PROVEN positive
actions are those that mitigate the 18 Watch Out Situations and adhere
to the 10 Standard Firefighting Orders.
In their Management
Evaluation Report the Cramer Fire Investigation Team determined
that the causes of the tragedy were primarily focused in two critical
areas: failures in leadership, and overall failure by leaders and
firefighters alike to respond to a rapidly deteriorating situation
(lack of situational awareness).
Subsequently, the Cramer Fire Accident Review Board (ARB) issued the
Cramer
Accident Prevention Plan (APP). The Cramer APP identified
five “…key actions that would… best prevent similar
mishaps in the future.” These actions focused on leadership
training, assuring leader qualifications, and completing the remaining
few action plan items from the Thirtymile Fire, which also focused
on leadership failures and faulty situational awareness. In response
to the Accident Review Boards, the Deputy Chief for State and Private
Forestry committed the agency to implementing a “Leadership
Development Strategy.” The strategy responds to each of the
APP action items, and indicates a commitment to foster and nurture
a dedicated leadership development program within the interagency
community. THIS IS WHERE YOU NEED TO BE ENGAGED during training and
as you gain career experience.
There will not be a long list of nationwide
action items resulting from the Cramer Fire, however the
agency is debating some policy changes in response to weaknesses exposed
by the Cramer tragedy. Proposed changes: 1/ address the lack of ICS
qualifications requirements for line officers who must perform supplemental
safety inspections (this also responds to OSHA’s Notice
of Unsafe or Unhealthful Working Conditions), 2/ Specify
RAWs station maintenance and calibration requirements so no firefighter
should ever have to go without a spot weather forecast or the best
available fire weather information (this also responds to OSHA), 3/
Provide “Duty Officer” definitions and qualifications,
4/ Strengthening the responsibilities and involvement of the Fire
Qualifications Review Committees to insure that individuals are certified
appropriately, and 5/ Clarifying that Incident Commanders on Type
3, 4, and 5 fires may delegate support and operations duties to the
most qualified on-scene or immediately available, local individual(s).
For information on fireline leadership training,
especially for those with ICT3, 4, and 5 responsibilities check out:
http://www.fireleadership.gov/courses/courses.html.
To Learn more about LCES and how it works and why
it is considered essential to situational awareness, check out Paul
Gleason’s original LCES proposal: (June 1991) "LCES
and Other Thoughts" - Here you will learn how LCES
evolved, and see how Paul’s experience and thoughts came together
to form the LCES concept.
Remember, firefighter safety is our highest
priority, and the responsibility for success in meeting that priority
begins with YOU!