| Agent Name |
Shale oils |
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| CAS Number |
68308-34-9 |
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| Major Category |
Other Chemicals |
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| Synonyms |
Blue oil; Crude shale oils; Green oil; Oil, shale; Raw shale oil; Shale oil; Unfinished lubricating oil; UN1288; [ChemIDplus] Kerogen; [Hawley] Oil shale: Marlstone; [Rom, p. 532] |
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| Category |
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
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| Description |
Oil shale: ". . . a layered, gray-brown sedimentary rock"; [Rom, p. 532] |
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| Sources/Uses |
Lubricating oils derived from shale; [IARC] Has been extracted from deposits of sedimentary shale in Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming by heating to 425-535 degrees C with a yield of less than 1 barrel per ton of shale processed; [Hawley] |
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| Comments |
Studies of the Scottish shale-oil industry and cotton-textile workers showed increased incidence of skin cancer (mule-spinners' cancer). [IARC] There were 4 cases of complicated pneumoconiosis in a study of 1,664 Scottish oil shale miners. This industry existed in Scotland from 1850 through 1962. Silca was found in the lung tissue of 3 miners. Other miners with pneumoconiosis had reduced pulmonary function values. 325 U.S. shale oil workers, employed 1948-1969, had no increased skin cancer or respiratory disease compared to controls (Utah coal miners). [Rom, p. 532-3; Rosenstock, p. 413] |
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| Reference Link |
Shale-Oils (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Supplement7, 1987) |
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| Exposure Assessment |
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| Skin Designation (ACGIH) |
Not evaluated |
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| Adverse Effects |
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| IARC Carcinogen |
Known Carcinogen |
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| Links to Other NLM Databases |
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