BTS | Table 3 - Semantic Scales

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BTS Home > Publications > Journal of Transportation and Statistics > Volume 4 Number 1 > Paper 4

Table 3 - Semantic Scales

Excel | CSV

Author	Variable	Component	Numeric values (initial assignment)
Author	Variable	Component	-2	-1	0	1	2	3	4	5
Arnold	Effectiveness					Minimal	Average	Maximum
Arnold	Cost					Inexpensive	Average	Expensive
Arnold	Implementation					Easy	Average	Difficult
Arnold	Acceptability				No	Yes
Downs	Effectiveness	Extent				Narrow	Variable	Broad
Downs	Effectiveness	Impact				Little	Moderate	Great
Downs	Cost	Direct to commuters			None	Minor	Moderate	Great
Downs	Cost	To all of society			None	Minor	Moderate	Great
Downs	Implementation	Required institution			None	Cooperative	Regional
Downs	Implementation	Ease of administration				Easy	Moderate	Hard
Downs	Acceptability					Poor	Moderate	Good
Zupan	Effectiveness	SOV reduction			None / varies / unknown	Low	Medium	High
Zupan	Effectiveness	Peak trip reduction
Zupan	Effectiveness	VMT reduction	Highly negative	Negative		Positive
Zupan	Effectiveness	Transit impact
Zupan	Cost	Employee		Lower	Same / none / varies / unknown / not applicable
Zupan	Cost	Employer				Higher
Zupan	Cost	Public capital
Zupan	Implementation				Unknown / not applicable	Difficult to Easy	Difficult to Easy	Difficult to Easy	Difficult to Easy	Difficult to Easy
Zupan	Acceptability	Employee			Varies / unknown / not applicable	Low	Medium	High
Zupan	Acceptability	Employer
Zupan	Acceptability	Municipal		Negative		Positive
Zupan	Acceptability	Public

* significant at 0.01 level
** significant at 0.05 level
*** 1.00 < t < 2.00
d.f. = degrees of freedom
HOV = high-occupancy vechicle
NA = not applicable
SOV = single-occupancy vehicle
SRSD = studentized residual
TDM = travel demand management
TMA = transportation management association
TSM = transportation system management
U = data are unavailable
VHT = vehicle hours of travel
VMT = vehicle-miles traveled
* Significant at 95% confidence interval.