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Technical Papers
About DARRP
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Preassessment Data Report on the MP-69/Hurricane
Ivan Oil Discharges, March 2005. High winds and waves associated with
passage of Hurricane Ivan on September 15-16, 2004 caused a number of
discharges from damaged facilities and pipelines in the Mississippi River
Delta. Response and assessment activities for the majority of these discharges
were combined into a single effort because these incidents occurred at
approximately the same time; oil mixing occurred; and, because multiple
responsible parties were involved. Response and Preassessment Phase efforts by
responsible parties, state and federal trustees and contractors for eight
separate incidents, including six pipeline leaks and two facility discharges,
are described in this report.
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Assessment of Techniques for Estimating
Beach Attendance, April 2003. Oil spills and other environmental
incidents often result in lost recreational use of beaches and coastal
waterways. Under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and other environmental
liability laws, the public can be compensated for lost beach use from the time
of the incident until beach use is restored to the conditions that existed
but-for the incident conditions. This paper focuses on three onsite survey
techniques to estimate beach attendance: all day counts, periodic counts, and
helicopter overflights. The results from these different techniques are
discussed and some conclusions on the related merits are drawn.
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"Discounting and the Treatment of Uncertainty in Natural
Resource Damage Assessment" - NOAA's final regulations for natural
resource damage assessments under OPA address discounting and uncertainty in
the calculation of damage claims. The document offered here, "Discounting and
the Treatment of Uncertainty in Natural Resource Damage Assessment", Technical
Paper provides additional explanation and examples of the approaches outlined
in the regulations. The document is not regulatory; rather, it is presented to
elaborate on the language in the OPA final regulations regarding the treatment
of discounting and uncertainty in damage assessments. We recommend that this
approach also be used for assessments conducted under CERCLA and the National
Marine Sanctuaries Act unless the regulations therein specifically require
otherwise.
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Habitat Equivalency Analysis ("HEA") - Collection
of papers on Habitat Equivalency Analysis ("HEA") that provides detailed
information on using this analytical framework for estimating how much
restoration is needed to compensate for the interim loss of natural resources.
HEA directly addresses the type and scale of restoration, without directly
valuing the interim loss in economic terms. These documents were developed for
natural resource damage ssessments involving injury to seagrass beds and coral
reefs in the Florida Keys. The documents are as follows:
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"Habitat Equivalency Analysis: An Overview"
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Report by Dr. Joseph C. Zieman in U.S. v. Melvin
A. Fisher et al.
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Report by Brian E. Julius, NOAA, in U.S. v.
Melvin A. Fisher et al.
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Report by Mark S. Fonseca, NOAA, in U.S. v.
Melvin A. Fisher et al.
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"Comparing Ecosystem Services and Values" by
Dennis M. King, Ph.D.
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"Calculating Resource Restoration for an Oil Discharge
in Lake Barre, Louisiana, USA". This paper presents an oil spill case
from coastal Louisiana where habitat equivalency analysis was applied to
quantify natural resource impacts and determine the scale of restoration. The
article appears in Environmental Management as "Calculating Resource
Restoration for an Oil Discharge in Lake Barre, Louisiana, USA" by T. Penn and
T. Tomasi, 2002, Vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 691-702. Copyright © 1996-2002 by
Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
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"Introduction to Attribute-Based Stated Choice Methods"
- Stated choice methods can be used to determine resource-based compensation
for natural resource damage assessments. This paper presents an overview of
stated choice methods, addressing both theoretical and practical issues.
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List of Habitat Types and Functions, definitions.
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The Public's Habitat Preferences: An Analysis Following
injury to natural resources, NOAA has the responsibility to ensure that the
public is compensated for lost environmental services. However, this
responsibility is complicated when it is not possible to provide compensatory
restoration of the same habitat type as was injured. In these situations, NOAA
relies on science-based tradeoff ratios to equate services derived from various
habitats. The Public's Habitat Preferences: An Analysis summarizes NOAA's
initial attempt to determine whether these science-based tradeoff ratios match
public preferences for habitat restoration. The results indicate the types of
information NOAA should solicit during public restoration scoping efforts.
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"Putting Response and Natural Resource Damage Costs in
Perspective" - This paper was presented at the 1999 International Oil
Spill Conference. In the paper, various categories of costs that may result
from spill incidents are investigated. The costs for a number of incidents
representing a range of spill volumes and locations are discussed. The data
show that, contrary to the perception, costs for natural resource damages and
assessment comprise only a small portion of total liability from an oil spill.
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Report of the NOAA Panel on Contingent Valuation,
January 11, 1993.
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"The Value of Preventing Oil Spill Injuries
to Natural Resources Along California's Central Coast, Volume I" - The
purpose of the California Oil Spill (COS) Contingent Valuation (CV) Study was
"to execute and document a contingent valuation study of natural resource
damages associated with offshore, coastal, or estuarine oil spills in
California" (State of California, Department of Justice, Contract Number
89-2126). The COS CV study developed an estimate of per household ex ante
economic value for a program to prevent a specified set of natural resource
injuries to those species of birds and intertidal life that are consistently
affected by oil spills along California's Central Coast.
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