• Heavy Winter Precipitation Events
  
  
• Total Snowfall and Heavy Snow Events
  
  
• Day-time temperatures: Very Warm, Very Cold, and Freezing
  
  
• Night-time temperatures: Very Warm, Very Cold, and Freezing
  
  

Mean number of days per season (November - March 1948 through 2006) in which precipitation exceeded 0.50 inches for Neutral years (top). Lower left map is the difference in this quantity between El Niño years and Neutral years. Lower right map is the difference in this quantity between La Niña years and Neutral years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean seasonal snowfall (November - March 1948 through 2006) in inches for Neutral years (top). Lower left map is the difference in snowfall between El Niño years and Neutral years. Lower right map is the difference in snowfall between La Niña years and Neutral years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (November - March 1948 through 2006) with 2 inch daily snowfalls (or greater) for Neutral years (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which maximum daily temperature is at least 5^o C above the daily climatological mean value (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Daily climatology (1948-1993) is a 7-day running mean. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which maximum daily temperature is at least 5^o C below the daily climatological mean value (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Daily climatology (1948-1993) is a 7-day running mean to smooth out variations caused by the relatively short base period. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which minimum daily temperature is at least 5^o C above the daily climatological mean value (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Daily climatology (1948-1993) is a 7-day running mean. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which minimum daily temperature is at least 5^o C below the daily climatological mean value (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Daily climatology (1948-1993) is a 7-day running mean. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which maximum daily temperature is below freezing (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.

Mean number of days per season (December - February 1948 through 2006) in which minimum daily temperature is below freezing (top). Difference in number of days between Neutral years and moderate to strong El Niño years (lower left). Lower right panel similar to lower left, except for La Niña years. Data are analyzed on a 2.5^o latitude x 2.5^o longitude grid. Note that the Neutral year composite includes weak ENSO years.