Projects & Studies
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Ambrough Slough Habitat Project, Pool 10, Wisconsin
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Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration: Section 206, Paint Creek Restoration, Waukon, Iowa
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Asian Carp Barrier System Upper Mississippi River
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Blackhawk Park Backwater Restoration Project , Victory, Wisconsin
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Bussey Lake Habitat Project, Guttenberg, Iowa
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Capoli Slough Habitat Project, Pool 9, Wisconsin
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Christine and Hickson Dams
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Cold Springs Habitat Project, Crawford County, Wis.
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Conway Lake Habitat Project, Lansing, Iowa
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Drayton Dam Habitat Restoration, Drayton, North Dakota
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Dresbach Island Revegetation Project
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East Channel Habitat Project, La Crescent, Minn./Wis.
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Endangered Species - Conservation of Native Mussels
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Environmental Infrastructure Assistance - City of Garrison and Kathio Township, Minnesota
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Environmental Infrastructure Assistance Program: Section 219 - Devils Lake and All of North Dakota
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Environmental Infrastructure Assistance Program: Section 219 at Central Lakes, Goodview, Grand Rapids, Willmar, Minnesota
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Environmental Infrastructure Assistance Program: St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin
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Fargo-Moorhead and Upstream Feasibility Study
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Feasibility Study: Blue Earth River Basin in Minnesota and Iowa
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Finger Lakes Habitat Project , Wabasha, Minnesota
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General Investigations: Hydropower, Crown Hydro, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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General Investigations: Hydropower, Ford Plant, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Grand Marais River Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration
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Guttenberg Waterfowl Ponds Habitat Project, Iowa
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Habitat Restoration: Mississippi River, Pool 8 Islands Phase III, Wisconsin/Minnesota
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Habitat Restoration: Mississippi River, Clear (Finger) Lake, Pool 5, Minnesota
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Harpers Slough Habitat Project, Pool 9, Iowa
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Hay Creek Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration - Roseau County, Minnesota
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Indian Slough Habitat Project, Buffalo County, Wis.
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Integrated Watershed Study: Minnesota River Basin in Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota and Iowa
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Island 116 Channel Closure & Shoreline Stabilization
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Island 42 Habitat Project, Wabasha County, Minn.
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Kinnickinnic River Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration
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Lake Onalaska Habitat Project, La Crosse, Wisconsin
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Lake Winneshiek Habitat Project, Ferryville, Wis.
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Lansing Big Lake Habitat Project, Lansing, Iowa
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Long Lake Habitat Project , Trempealeau, Wisconsin
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Long Meadow Lake Habitat Project, Bloomington, Minn.
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Lower St. Anthony Falls Rapids Restoration, Mississippi River, Minneapolis, Minn.
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Marsh Lake Ecosystem Restoration Feasibility Study, Lac Qui Parle Wildlife Area, MN
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McGregor Lake Habitat Project, Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin
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Minnehaha Creek Watershed Study
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Mississippi River Bank Stabilization Habitat Project, Minn/Wis/Iowa
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Mississippi River Locks and Dams Nos. 2-10 Embankment Rehabilitation
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Mississippi River Recreation and Environmental Stewardship, Eau Galle Dam
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Mississippi River: Lock & Dam 3 Navigation Safety and Embankments, Minnesota and Wisconsin
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Mud Lake Water Management
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North Ottawa Impoundment Project, Grant County, Minn.
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Orr, Minnesota Water Line Replacement - Section 569 Environmental Infrastructure Program
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Painter Creek Habitat Restoration, Minnehaha Creek, Minnesota
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Peterson Lake Habitat Project, Wabasha, Minnesota
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Pigs Eye Habitat Restoration Lake, St. Paul, Minnesota
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Polander Lake Habitat Project, Winona, Minnesota
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Pool 8 Islands Phase I Habitat Project, Wisconsin
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Pool 8 Islands Phase II Habitat Project, Stoddard, Wis.
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Pool 9 Island Habitat Project, Wisconsin
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Pool Slough Habitat Project, New Albin, Iowa
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Reconnaissance Report: Baraboo/Wisconsin River
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Reconnaissance Study: Minnesota River Basin in MN, SD, IA and ND
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Recreational Boating Study of the Mississippi River, Pools 4 to 9, Summer 2003
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Red Lake River/Zah Gheeng Marsh Projects, Clearwater County, Minn.
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Red River of the North Basin: Basin-Wide Watershed Management Planning
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Red River of the North Basin: Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Manitoba, Reconnaissance Study
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Rice Lake Habitat Project, Savage, Minnesota
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River Resource Values and Expectation
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Ruffy Brook Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration, Clearwater County, Minnesota
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Sand Hill River Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration, Minn.
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Small Scale Drawdown Habitat Project, Buffalo City, Wis.
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South Washington Watershed District
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Spring Lake Islands Habitat Project, Buffalo City, Wis.
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Spring Lake Peninsula Habitat Project, Buffalo City, Wis.
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St. Croix Headwaters Watershed Study, Wisconsin
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St. Croix River: Endangered Mussel Conservation - Zebra Mussel Control
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St. Croix Watershed Reconnaissance Study
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Streambank Protection: Section 14 Minnehaha Creek WPA Walls, Minnesota
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Streambank Protection: Section 14, Barnes County, Kathryn, North Dakota
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Streambank Protection: Section 14, Pug Hole Lake, Minnesota
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Streambank Protection: Section 14, Sartell, Minnesota
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Sturgeon Lake, Pine County, Minnesota, Wastewater Collection and Treatement Facility
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Sunrise River Watershed Study, Minnesota
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Trempealeau National Wildlife Refuge, Trempealeau, Wis
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Upper Mississippi River - Illinois Waterway System Navigation Study
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Upper St. Croix Lake Sanitary District Wastewater Collection Systems Improvement Project
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WKTY-AM Study Area
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Western Flood Control Sites - Minnesota: Lake Traverse, Orwell Lake, Hwy 75 - Bigstone, Lac qui Parle
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Western Flood Control Sites – North Dakota: Lake Ashtabula, Homme Lake Souris River
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Wild Rice River (MN) Feasibility Study
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Wild Rice River Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration, Minn.
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Zebra Mussels and Management Implications for Endangered Freshwater Mussels on the Upper Mississippi River System
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Control Methods - Results of the 2003 Zebra Mussel Reconnaissance Study
Summary
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In August 2003, the Corps released a reconnaissance study in which potential zebra mussel control methods were identified and evaluated. Key control measures assessed in the reconnaissance study are summarized below.
Methods for controlling the upriver transport of zebra mussels fall in two broad categories: Active and Passive.
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Active Control Methods
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Active control measures could include broad-scale control measures such as construction of a zebra mussel dispersal barrier on the Illinois Waterway or closing all or a portion of the UMRS to navigation traffic.
Mussel Dispersal Barriers
Potential barriers could include:
- Establishment of a lethal anoxic zone on the waterway using electricity, heated water, hydraulic jets, toxicants, etc.
- Treatment of all water diverted from Lake Michigan to kill zebra mussels.
- Reestablishment of the former watershed boundaries by construction of barriers, levees, or lock chambers to isolate Lake Michigan from Upper Mississippi River system waters.
The Reconnaissance study concluded that these measures would be logistically difficult and expensive to implement and would be only minimally effective.
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Close UMRS to Navigation Traffic
Closing all of the UMRS to navigation traffic is unlikely to affect the long-term existence of zebra mussels in the UMRS. Additionally, the USACE does not have authority to permanently close the congressionally mandated navigation system on the UMRS.
Additional active control measures assessed in the study and deemed impractical include:
- Hull inspections and manual removal (scraping, high pressure wash)
- Thermal treatments (steam injection, hot water > 32 °C)
- Electrical currents
- Dewatering/desiccation (freezing, heated air)
- Acoustical vibration
- Ultraviolet light
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Passive Control Methods
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Passive control methods could include treatments that prevent zebra mussels from attaching to barge hulls, such as antifouling paint. Paints and coatings impregnated with copper have been shown to prevent postveliger settlement. Current technology requires replacement of these coatings every two to five years, and application is relatively expensive.
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Study Conclusion
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Given the impracticality in implementing the measures above, attempting to eliminate zebra mussels from the UMRS by active/passive dispersal control measures would be difficult, prohibitively expensive and ineffective. More feasible control measures focus on containing zebra mussels within their existing infestation boundaries and protection of uninfested waters.
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[Printable Copy]
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