Surgery With or Without Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy in TreatingPatients With Stage I Rectal Cancer - Full Text View

Sponsors and Collaborators:	Cancer and Leukemia Group B National Cancer Institute (NCI) Southwest Oncology Group
Information provided by:	National Cancer Institute (NCI)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00023751

Purpose

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Combining surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy may kill more tumor cells and prevent recurrence of the cancer.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of surgery with or without chemotherapy and radiation therapy in treating patients who have stage I rectal cancer.

Condition	Intervention	Phase
Colorectal Cancer	Drug: fluorouracil Drug: leucovorin calcium Procedure: adjuvant therapy Procedure: conventional surgery Procedure: radiation therapy	Phase II

MedlinePlus related topics: Cancer Colorectal Cancer

Drug Information available for: Leucovorin Calcium Citrovorum factor Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate Leucovorin Fluorouracil Calcium gluconate

U.S. FDA Resources

Study Type:	Interventional
Study Design:	Treatment
Official Title:	A Phase II Study of Local Excision Alone or Local Excision Plus Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy for Small Distal Rectal Cancers

Further study details as provided by National Cancer Institute (NCI):

Study Start Date:	July 2001
Primary Completion Date:	April 2004 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Detailed Description:

OBJECTIVES:

Determine the overall, disease-free, and colostomy-free survival rates in patients with stage I rectal cancer treated with local excision with or without adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Determine the local, regional, and distant recurrence rates in patients treated with these regimens.
Determine whether loco-regional recurrences after local excision can be successfully salvaged with radical surgery with or without adjuvant therapy for permanent cure in patients treated with these regimens.
Determine whether the analysis of certain histological and molecular markers can help determine prognosis in patients treated with these regimens.
Determine the anorectal, urinary, and sexual function effects in patients treated with these regimens.
Determine the non-functional treatment morbidity and mortality exclusive of anorectal, urinary, and sexual function effects in patients treated with these regimens.
Determine the overall survival of patients with pathology exclusions undergoing local excision.
Determine the efficacy of the current standard in detecting recurrence during follow-up, including office visits, blood tests, and proctoscopy in patients treated with these regimens.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

All patients undergo full thickness disc excision. Patients with T3 disease or positive surgical margins after surgery are removed from study. Patients with T1 disease and negative surgical margins after surgery are observed. Patients with T2 disease and negative surgical margins after surgery receive adjuvant therapy.

Beginning 42 days after surgery, T2 patients receive leucovorin calcium (CF) IV over 2 hours with fluorouracil (5-FU) IV bolus 1 hour into the infusion once weekly for 6 weeks. Beginning 2 weeks after the completion of chemotherapy, patients receive chemoradiotherapy comprising radiotherapy once daily 5 times a week for 5 weeks and 5-FU IV continuously while receiving radiotherapy. Beginning 2 weeks after the completion of chemoradiotherapy, patients again receive CF IV over 2 hours with 5-FU IV bolus 1 hour into the infusion once weekly for 6 weeks. Chemotherapy repeats after 2 weeks rest for a total of 2 courses.

Patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years and then every 6 months for 5 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 320 patients will be accrued for this study within 5 years.

Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:	18 Years and older
Genders Eligible for Study:	Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the rectum
- T1 or T2 by physical and endoscopic exams
- No T3 lesions by clinical or radiological exam
- Villous adenomas or in situ carcinoma allowed without histologicalconfirmation if clinical appearance of cancer
No multi-focal disease within the rectum at time of initial diagnosis
No non-adenocarcinomatous rectal cancer or anal cancer
Less than 4 cm at greatest diameter
Less than 40% of rectal wall circumference involved
Proximal margin no greater than 8 cm from dentate line
No tumor fixation to the perirectal tissues regardless of size
No malignant regional lymph node or distant metastases by clinical exam orradiographical imaging
- No palpable perirectal lymph nodes or nodes larger than 1 cm
- No evidence of malignant perirectal lymph nodes by endorectal ultrasound orendorectal MRI

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

18 and over

Performance status:

CTC 0-2

Life expectancy:

Not specified

Hematopoietic:

WBC at least 4,000/mm^3
Platelet count at least 100,000/mm^3

Hepatic:

Bilirubin less than 1.5 times normal

Renal:

Creatinine less than 1.8 mg/dL

Other:

Not pregnant or nursing
Negative pregnancy test
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
No other prior or concurrent malignancy within the past 5 years except inactive nonmelanomatous skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

Not specified

Chemotherapy:

No prior chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy:

Not specified

Radiotherapy:

No prior radiotherapy

Surgery:

No prior surgery for rectal cancer including prior attempts at transanal or transcoccygeal surgical excision with unclear or positive margins
Prior incision or operative biopsy or colonoscopic removal allowed

Contacts and Locations

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00023751

Show 180 Study Locations

Sponsors and Collaborators

Cancer and Leukemia Group B

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Southwest Oncology Group

Investigators

Study Chair:	Ronald Bleday, MD	Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
Study Chair:	Morton S. Kahlenberg, MD	University of Texas

More Information

Clinical trial summary from the National Cancer Institute's PDQ® database This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Study ID Numbers:	CDR0000068858, CLB-80002, SWOG-C80002
Study First Received:	September 13, 2001
Last Updated:	July 23, 2008
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00023751
Health Authority:	United States: Federal Government

Keywords provided by National Cancer Institute (NCI):

stage I rectal cancer
adenocarcinoma of the rectum

Study placed in the following topic categories:

Digestive System Neoplasms
Rectal Neoplasms
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Colonic Diseases
Leucovorin
Intestinal Diseases
Rectal Diseases
Intestinal Neoplasms

Rectal neoplasm
Calcium, Dietary
Digestive System Diseases
Fluorouracil
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Adenocarcinoma
Rectal cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Antimetabolites
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
Vitamin B Complex
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Immunologic Factors
Antineoplastic Agents
Growth Substances
Physiological Effects of Drugs

Immunosuppressive Agents
Pharmacologic Actions
Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Site
Therapeutic Uses
Vitamins
Micronutrients

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on January 16, 2009