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BACKGROUND/RATIONALE:
Background/Rationale:
The study of Regular Military service women builds on and extends a funded VA HSR&D grant currently investigating similar objectives in Reserves and National Guard (R/NG) service women. This research addresses the radically changing DoD and DVA health care delivery needs of two priority populations: women exposed to combat, and women sexually assaulted during military. There is a limited understanding of the complex relationship between these traumatic exposures and women's health outcomes, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and with their subsequent health service use or barriers to care.
OBJECTIVE(S):
Objective(s):
The objectives are: 1) To identify and describe organizational, situational, and individual risk factors for physical and sexual assault (i.e., victimization) in women who have served or are currently serving in the Regular Military in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) by deployment status (those who are deployed to combat related regions once, those deployed more than once, those serving in non-combat related areas outside of the continental United States (US), or those serving within the continental US. 2) To determine associations between PTSD, TBI, and physical and sexual assault during OEF/OIF with current physical and mental health status and health risk behaviors by deployment status. 3) To identify current internal and external barriers to DoD, DVA, and civilian health services in relationship to women's deployment and victimization status and the association between PTSD and TBI; 4) To identify and describe differences between Regular Military and R/NG populations for each of these objectives.
METHODS:
Methods:
We are implementing a cross sectional study design with two sequential phases. Phase 1 will include focus groups to refine the current study interview specific to Regular Military populations. Phase 2 will involve the identification and successful interviewing of 669 Regular Military service women, using random sampling with stratification by deployment status, state of service accession, and service branch. Building on our current study, women will be selected from five states: Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska. Potential study participants will be mailed an information summary and asked to take part in a study assessing the deployment health of military women. 1058 women will be contacted to obtain the target of 669 completed interviews. Consenting participants (167 per deployment group) will complete a telephone interview that assesses socio-demographic variables, trauma exposures, health history, current health status, military environmental factors (organizational and situational factors), military and DVA health care and barriers to this care, and self reported service use. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis will be used.
FINDINGS/RESULTS:
Findings:
It is anticipated that our findings will improve understanding of the health risks and outcomes of deployed Regular Military service women in contrast to women serving in the R/NG (with PTSD and TBI as key outcome variables). Our results consequently will have implications for DoD and DVA evidence based interventions for both primary prevention and care.
IMPACT:
Impact:
If we find identifiable risk or protective factors associated with deployed R/NG women's violence exposures, and/or an association between deployed women's post-trauma military responses or care access and their current health status and DVA care barriers or use, the implications for DoD and DVA policy and resource allocation will be great. Furthermore, these results will indicate whether subsequent population-based or intervention studies are needed to address women veterans' health care disparities.
PUBLICATIONS:
None at this time.
DRA:
Mental Illness, Military and Environmental Exposures, Special (Underserved, High Risk) Populations
DRE:
none
Keywords:
Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom
MeSH Terms:
none
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